This is a list of estrogen esters, or ester prodrugs of estrogens. It includes esters, as well as ethers, of steroidal estrogens like estradiol, estrone, and estriol and of nonsteroidal estrogens like the stilbestrols diethylstilbestrol and hexestrol.
Esters of steroidal estrogens
Estradiol esters
Marketed
Many esters of estradiol have been marketed, including the following major esters:
- Estradiol acetate (Femring, Femtrace, Menoring)
- Estradiol benzoate (Agofollin Depot, Progynon-B; Duogynon, Primosiston, Sistocyclin)
- Estradiol cypionate (Depo-Estradiol, Depofemin, Estradep; Cyclofem, Lunelle)
- Estradiol dipropionate (Agofollin, Di-Ovocyclin, Progynon-DP; EP Hormone Depot)
- Estradiol enantate (Perlutal, Topasel, Unalmes, Yectames)
- Estradiol undecylate (Delestrec, Progynon Depot)
- Estradiol valerate (Delestrogen, Progynon Depot, Progynova; Gravibinon, Mesigyna, Mesygest; Neofollin)
- Polyestradiol phosphate (Estradurin) (an estradiol ester in polymeric form)
And the following less commonly used esters:
- Cloxestradiol acetate (Genovul; diacetate ester of cloxestradiol, or estradiol 17ò-chloral hemiacetal ether)
- Estradiol benzoate butyrate (Redimen, Soluna, Unijab, Unimens)
- Estradiol butyrylacetate (Follikoside)
- Estradiol dibutyrate (Triormon Depositum)
- Estradiol dienantate (Climacteron, Lactimex, Lactostat)
- Estradiol diundecylate (Estrolent; Trioestrine Retard)
- Estradiol diundecylenate (Etrosteron)
- Estradiol furoate (Di-Folliculine)
- Estradiol hemisuccinate (Eutocol; Hosterona)
- Estradiol hemihydrate (Estrofem)
- Estradiol hexahydrobenzoate (Benzo-Ginoestril A.P., BenzoGynoestryl Retard, Ginestryl-15-Depot, Menodin, Tardoginestryl)
- Estradiol palmitate (Esmopal)
- Estradiol phenylpropionate (Dimenformon Prolongatum; Estandron Prolongatum, Lynandron Prolongatum, Mixogen)
- Estradiol pivalate (Estrotate; Estrotate with Progesterone)
- Estradiol propionate (estradiol 17ò-propionate) (Acrofollin, Akrofollin, Follhormon)
- Estradiol propoxyphenylpropionate (Durovex)
- Estradiol stearate (Depofollan)
- Estradiol sulfate (a minor constituent of conjugated estrogens (Premarin))
The following nitrogen mustard ester of estradiol is a cytostatic antineoplastic agent and has been marketed:
Never marketed
A number of other estradiol esters which have not been marketed include:
The following cytostatic antineoplastic nitrogen mustard esters of estradiol have not been marketed:
- Alestramustine (estradiol 3-(bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate), 17-ester with <small>L</small>-alanine)
- Atrimustine (KM-2210; bestrabucil, busramustine)
- Estradiol mustard (NSC-112259; chlorphenacyl estradiol diester)
- Estramustine (Leo 275; Ro 21-8837)
- Estromustine (Leo 271 f; estrone 17ò-3-N-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate, estroneâÂÂcytostatic complex)
Estrone esters
Marketed
Esters of estrone that have been marketed include:
Never marketed
Other estrone esters which are notable but have not been marketed include:
Estriol esters
Marketed
Esters of estriol that have been marketed include:
Never marketed
The following ester of estriol was never marketed:
Ethinylestradiol esters
Marketed
The following esters of ethinylestradiol exist and have been marketed:
Never marketed
Esters of other steroidal estrogens
Marketed
The following esters of other estrogens exist and have been marketed:
Ethers of steroidal estrogens
Marketed
A number of estrogen ethers also exist and have been marketed, including:
- Clomestrone (Arterolo, Atheran, Colesterel, Iposclerone, Liprotene, Persclerol) â the 3-methyl ether of 16ñ-chloroestrone
- Cloxestradiol acetate (Genovul) â the O,O-diacetate ester of cloxestradiol (estradiol 17ò-chloral hemiacetal ether)
- Mestranol (Devocin, Ovastol, Tranel) (component of Enovid, Enavid, Ortho-Novin, Femigen, Norbiogest) â the 3-methyl ether of ethinylestradiol
- Moxestrol (Surestryl) â the 11ò-methoxy derivative of ethinylestradiol (and hence the 11ò-methyl ether of the 11ò-hydroxyl derivative of ethinylestradiol)
- Nilestriol (Wei Ni An) â the 3-cyclopentyl ether of ethinylestriol
- Promestriene (Colpotrofin, Colpotrophine, Delipoderm) â the 3-propyl and 17ò-methyl diether of estradiol
- Quinestradol (Colpovis, Colpovister, Pentovis) â the 3-cyclopentyl ether of estriol
- Quinestrol (Agalacto-Quilea, Basaquines, Eston, Estrovis, Estrovister, Plestrovis, Qui-lea) â the 3-cyclopentyl ether of ethinylestradiol
Never marketed
A few other estrogen ethers which are notable but have not been marketed include:
Esters of nonsteroidal estrogens
Diethylstilbestrol esters
Marketed
Major esters of diethylstilbestrol include:
- Diethylstilbestrol dipropionate (Agostilben, Biokeral, Clinestrol, Cyclen, Estilbin, Estril, Neobenzoestrol, Orestol, Oroestrol, Ostregenin, Prostilbene, Stilbestriol DP, Stilboestrolum Dipropionicum, Stilboestrol, Synestrin, Willestrol)
- Fosfestrol (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate) (Honvan, Difostilben, Fosfostilben, Fostrolin, Stilbol, Stilphostrol, Vagestrol)
Less commonly used esters of diethylstilbestrol include:
Never marketed
As well as the following nitrogen mustard ester:
- ICI-85966 (Stilbostat; diethylstilbestrol bis(di(2-chloroethyl)carbamate))
Hexestrol esters
Marketed
Never marketed
The following nitrogen mustard ester of hexestrol was never marketed:
- Phenestrol (fenestrol; hexestrol bis[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenylacetate)
Esters of other nonsteroidal estrogens
Marketed
Ethers of nonsteroidal estrogens
Diethylstilbestrol
Marketed
- Diethylstilbestrol monobenzyl ether (benzelstilbestrol) (Monozol, Hypantin, Pituitrope)
- Dimestrol (dianisylhexene, diethylstilbestrol dimethyl ether, dimethoxydiethylstilbestrol) (Depot-Ostromon, Synthila)
- Mestilbol (diethylstilbestrol monomethyl ether) (Monomestro or Monomestrol)
See also
References