List of investigational antidepressants

This is a list of investigational antidepressants, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical use in the treatment of depression but are not yet approved. Specific indications include major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, and postpartum depression, among others.

Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses.

This list was last comprehensively updated in August 2024. It is likely to become outdated with time.

Under development

Preregistration

• Buprenorphine/samidorphan (ALKS-5461) – μ-opioid receptor partial agonist, κ-opioid receptor antagonist, δ-opioid receptor antagonist, and μ-opioid receptor antagonist combination – New Drug Application (NDA) rejected in 2019, no updates since 2021

Phase 3

• CYB003 (CYB-003; deuterated psilocybin analogue) – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Cycloserine/lurasidone (Cyclurad; NRX-101) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor glycine site partial agonist and atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator) combination
• Esmethadone (dextromethadone; REL-1017) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist and other actions
• Ketamine (HTX-100; NRX-100) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD; MM-120) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Navacaprant (BTRX-140; BTRX-335140; CYM-53093; NMRA-140; NMRA-335140) – κ-opioid receptor antagonist
• Pimavanserin (ACP-103; BVF-048; Nuplazid) – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist or inverse agonist
• Psilocybin (COMP-360) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Psilocybin (Usona Institute) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922; JNJ-7922; MIN-202) – orexin OX₂ receptor antagonist
• SEP-4199 (non-racemic amisulpride; aramisulpride/esamisulpride [85:15 ratio]) – atypical antipsychotic (dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptor antagonist and serotonin 5-HT_2B and 5-HT₇ receptor antagonist)
• SNG-12 (Synapsinae) – glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) inhibitor
• Solriamfetol (Sunosi; JZP-110; SKLN05; ARL-N05; YKP-10A; R-228060; ADX-N05) – norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor and trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist
• Ulotaront (SEP-363856; SEP-856) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor agonist and trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist

Phase 2/3

• PRAX-114 – extrasynaptic GABA_A receptor-preferring positive allosteric modulator and neurosteroid

Phase 2

• 4-Chlorokynurenine (4-CL-KYN; AV-101) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor glycine site antagonist and kynurenine modulator
• Ademetionine (MSI-190; MSI-195; S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine; Sam-E; SAMe; Strada) – cofactor in monoamine neurotransmitter biosynthesis
• ALTO-203 – histamine H₃ receptor inverse agonist
• Amdiglurax (ALTO-100, NSI-189) – unknown mechanism of action (hippocampal neurogenesis stimulant and indirect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulator)
• Apimostinel (AGN-241660; GATE-202; NRX-1074) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor glycine site partial agonist
• Arketamine ((R)-ketamine; PCN-101) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Azetukalner (1OP-2198; Encukalner; VRX-621698; XEN-1101; XPF-008) – KCNQ potassium channel agonist
• BHV-7000 (BPN-25203; KB-3061) – KCNQ2 potassium channel stimulant
• BI-1358894 – transient receptor potential cation TRPC4 and TRPC5 channel inhibitor
• Blixeprodil (GM-1020; (R)-4-fluorodeschloroketamine ((R)-4-FDCK) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Bretisilocin (GM-2505; 5F-MET; 5-fluoro-N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine) – serotonin 5-HT_2A and 5-HT_2C receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT_2B receptor antagonist, psychedelic hallucinogen, and serotonin releasing agent
• Brezivaptan (ANC-501; THY-1773; TS-1211; TS-121) – vasopressin V_1b receptor antagonist
• Centanafadine (CTN; EB-1020) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Deudextromethorphan/quinidine (AVP-786; CTP-786; d-DM/Q; d6-DM/Q; deuterated dextromethorphan/ultra-low-dose quinidine) – sigma σ₁ receptor agonist, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, other actions, and CYP2D6 inhibitor combination
• Dimethyltryptamine (N,N-Dimethyltryptamine; DMT; N,N-DMT; BMND-01; BMND-02; BMND-03) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Elunetirom (ABX-002; MA-JD21; LL-340001 prodrug) – thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) agonist
• Emestedastat (UE-2343; Xanamem) – 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) inhibitor (glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor)
• Esketamine (CLE-100) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• FKB-01MD (FKB01MD; TGBA-01AD; TGBA01AD) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor, serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT_1D receptor modulator, and serotonin 5-HT₂ receptor agonist
• Forvisirvat (SP-624) – sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) stimulant
• Itruvone (PH-10; PH-10A; PH10-NS) – chemoreceptor cell stimulant, vomeropherine, and neurosteroid
• JNJ-54175446 (JNJ-5446) – purinergic P2X₇ receptor antagonist
• JNJ-55308942 – purinergic P2X₇ receptor antagonist
• Ketamine (extended-release; R-107; R107) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Ketamine (intranasal; Ereska; PMI-100; PMI-150; SLS-002; TUR-002) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Ketamine (prolonged-release oral; KET-01) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Liafensine (BMS-820836; DB-104) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) – norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent
• Lithium cocrystal (AL-001; LiProSal; lithium salicylate <small>L</small>-proline ionic cocrystal) – unknown mechanism of action and mood stabilizer (improved formulation of lithium)
• Luvesilocin (RE-104/RE104, FT-104/FT104; 4-HO-DiPT/iprocin prodrug) – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD; MB-22001) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Mebufotenin (5-MeO-DMT; 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine; BPL-002; BPL-003) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Mefluleucine (NV-5138; SPN-820/SPN-821) – sestrin2 modulator and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) stimulant
• Mifepristone (Mifeprex; RU-38486; RU-486) – progesterone receptor antagonist, glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, and androgen receptor antagonist
• NBI-1070770 – NR2B subunit-containing ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor negative allosteric modulator
• NORA-520 (brexanolone prodrug) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and neurosteroid
• Onabotulinum toxin A (BoNTA; Botox; Botulinum toxin A injectable; GSK-1358820; OnabotA X; onabotulinumtoxinA X; Vistabel; Vistabex) – acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular blocking agent
• Onfasprodil (CAD-9271; MIJ-821; MIJ821) – NR2B subunit-containing ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor negative allosteric modulator
• ONO-1110 – endocannabinoid synthesis regulator and indirect cannabinoid receptor modulator https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800072581 https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/4a1d21a5511d57cc2a2c1e7a98310f74 https://pryzm.ozmosi.com/product/29482
• OPC-64005 – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Osavampator (TAK-653; NBI-1065845; NBI-845) – ionotropic glutamate AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator
• OSU-6162 (PNU-9639; PNU-96391; PNU-96391A) – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor partial agonist (non-hallucinogenic), dopamine D₂ receptor partial agonist, and sigma σ₁ receptor ligand (so-called "monoaminergic stabilizer")
• PDC-1421 (ABV-1504; ABV-1505; ABV-1601; BLI-1005) – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Pegipanermin (DN-TNF; INB-03; LIVNate; Quellor; XENP-1595; XENP-345; XPro-1595; XPro595; XPro) – tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) inhibitor
• Pramipexole (CTC-413; CTC-501) – dopamine D₂, D₃, and D₄ receptor agonist
• Pregnenolone methyl ether (3β-methoxypregnenolone; MAP-4343) – microtubule-associated protein (MAP) stimulant and tubulin polymerization promoter
• Ralmitaront (RG-7906; RO-6889450) – trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist
• Rislenemdaz (AVTX-301; CERC-301; MK-0657) – NR2B subunit-containing ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor negative allosteric modulator
• Ropanicant (SUVN-911) – α₄β₂ nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist
• Tebideutorexant (JNJ-61393215; JNJ-3215) – orexin OX₁ receptor antagonist
• Tildacerfont (SPR-001; LY-2371712) – corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF₁) antagonist
• Tramadol (controlled-release; ETS-6103; ETX-6103; Viotra) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, serotonin 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist, and other actions
• TS-161 – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₂ and mGlu₃ receptor antagonist
• Zelquistinel (AGN-241751; GATE-251) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor partial positive allosteric modulator

Phase 1/2

• PT-00114 (PT100114) – corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) inhibitor

Phase 1

• Agomelatine (ALTO-300; agomelatine 25mg formulation) – serotonin 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist and melatonin MT₁ and MT₂ receptor agonist
• BI-1569912 – NR2B subunit-containing ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor negative allosteric modulator
• BMND07 (BMND-07; dimethyltryptamine or 5-MeO-DMT combination drug) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonergic hallucinogen, and other actions combination
• BRII-296 (extended-release injectable aqueous suspension formulation of brexanolone) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and neurosteroid
• Brilaroxazine (RP-5000; RP-5063) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Carbidopa/oxitriptan (EVX-101) – serotonin precursor (5-hydroxytryptophan; 5-HTP) and aromatic <small>L</small>-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) inhibitor combination
• Crisdesalazine (AAD-2004) – microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitor
• DGX-001 – gut–brain axis modulator
• Dimethyltryptamine (N,N-dimethyltryptamine; DMT; N,N-DMT; VLS-01) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• DSP-3456 – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₂ and mGlu₃ receptor negative allosteric modulator
• Ebselen (DR-3305; Harmokisane; PZ-51; SPI-1005; SPI-3005) – multiple mechanisms of action
• ENX-205 – dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptor antagonist and serotonin 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_2A receptor agonist
• Icalcaprant (CVL-354) – κ-opioid receptor antagonist
• KAR-2618 (GFB-887) – transient receptor potential cation TRPC4 and TRPC5 channel inhibitor
• PIPE-307 – muscarinic acetylcholine M₁ receptor antagonist
• SAL-0114 – undefined mechanism of action
• Scopolamine (DPI-385-CVS; DPI-386; DPI-386 Nasal Gel; DPI-386-SG; DPI-386-SS; DPI-387; DPI-521-CG; DPI-550-TBI; INSCOP spray) – non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist
• Traneurocin (NA-831; Cycloprolylglycine; CPG) – unknown or undefined / ionotropic glutamate AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator, GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator, and racetam-like drug
• XW-10508 (oral esketamine conjugate prodrug) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Zalsupindole (DLX-001; DLX-1; AAZ; AAZ-A-154) – non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist

Preclinical

• 2-Bromo-LSD (bromolysergide; BETR-001, TD-0148A) – non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist and other actions
• ACD856 (ACD-856) – tropomyosin receptor kinase TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC positive allosteric modulator
• AKO-003 (ketamine-based psychedelic formulation; ketamine/specific plant bioactive) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, dissociative hallucinogen, and "specific plant bioactive" combination
• ALTO-202 – NR2B subunit-containing ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• BrAD-R13 (R13; Braegen-01) – tropomyosin receptor kinase TrkB agonist
• Brexpiprazole (long-acting injectable; MTD-211) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• CB-03 (CB-04; CB-003; CB03-154) – KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 potassium channel stimulant
• CRHR1 antagonist therapeutic (HMNC Brain Health) – corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF₁) antagonist
• Duloxetine (oral suspension) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• EB-003 – non-hallucinogenic serotonin receptor agonist and psychoplastogen
• EGX-A – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• EGX-B – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• ENX-104 – presynaptic dopamine D₂ and D₃ autoreceptor antagonist (at low doses)
• ENX-105 – dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptor antagonist and serotonin 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_2A receptor agonist (non-hallucinogenic)
• Etifoxine deuterated (GRX-917) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and translocator protein (TSPO; peripheral benzodiazepine receptor) agonist (neurosteroidogenesis stimulant)
• GABA positive allosteric modulator (CS Bay Therapeutics) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator
• INV-88 – macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) inhibitor
• ITI-333 – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist, μ-opioid receptor biased partial agonist, α_1A-adrenergic receptor antagonist, and dopamine D₁ receptor antagonist
• ITI-1549 – non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist and serotonin 5-HT_2B receptor antagonist
• Ketamine (depot; ALA-3000) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• LPCN-1154 (LPCN1154; oral brexanolone) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and neurosteroid
• LPH-5 – selective serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor partial agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Lucid-PSYCH (Lucid-201) – undefined mechanism of action and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Mebufotenin (5-MeO-DMT; 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine; LSR-1019) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Midomafetamine (microneedle transdermal patch; 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine; MDMA) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine releasing agent and weak serotonin 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2B, and 5-HT_2C receptor agonist (entactogen and weak psychedelic hallucinogen)
• Nezavist – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator
• NLX-101 (F-15599) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor full agonist
• PSIL-001 (DMT analogue) – serotonin 5-HT₁ receptor modulator (non-hallucinogenic)
• PSIL-002 (DMT analogue) – serotonin 5-HT₁ receptor modulator (non-hallucinogenic)
• PSYLO-3001 (Psylo-3001) – non-hallucinogenic non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychoplastogen
• PSYLO-4001 (Psylo-4001) – non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist and psychoplastogen
• SNTX-2643 (SENS-01) – atypical serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) (kanna-derived)
• SYT-510 – endocannabinoid reuptake inhibitor
• TF-0066 – undefined mechanism of action

Research

• BHV-5000 – low-trapping ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• NP-10679 – NR2B subunit-containing ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor negative allosteric modulator
• Psilocybin (MYCO-001; MYCO-003) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• PSYLO-5001 (Psylo-5001) – non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonist and psychoplastogen
• Small molecule therapeutic - Rugen Therapeutics – undefined mechanism of action

Phase unknown

• Amuxetine – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• EDG-005 – undefined mechanism of action
• EDG-006 – undefined mechanism of action
• Iloperidone (Fanapt; Fanaptum; Fiapta; HP-873; ILO-522; VYV-683; Zomaril) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• INV-407 – undefined mechanism of action
• Ketamine (intravenous/oral; Braxia) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• SK-2110 (buprenorphine implant) – μ-opioid receptor partial agonist, κ-opioid receptor antagonist, and δ-opioid receptor antagonist – under development in China
• Venlafaxine (controlled-release) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

Not under development

Development suspended

• BVF-045 (bupropion/undisclosed serotonin reuptake inhibitor) – norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator, and serotonin reuptake inhibitor combination
• Dexmedetomidine (BXCL-501; Igalmi; KalmPen) – α₂-adrenergic receptor agonist
• ETX-155 – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and neurosteroid
• Ganaxolone (CCD-1042; Ztalmy) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and neurosteroid

No development reported

• AAG-561 – corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) inhibitor
• Adinazolam (Deracyn; U-41123; U-41123F) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and benzodiazepine
• Amitifadine (DOV-21947; EB-1010) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• AN-788 (NSD-788) – serotonin and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• ANAVEX 1-41 (blarcamesine analogue) – sigma σ₁ receptor agonist, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulator, and sodium and chloride channel modulator
• Aripiprazole (transdermal; AQS-1301) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Arketamine (HR-071603; (R)-ketamine nasal spray) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• AZD-8108 – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• BCI-632 – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₂ and mGlu₃ receptor antagonist
• BCI-838 – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₂ and mGlu₃ receptor antagonist
• BMS-866949 (CSTI-500) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Bryostatin 1 (MW-904) – protein kinase C (PKC) stimulant
• BTRX-246040 (LY-2940094) – nociceptin receptor antagonist
• Bupropion/naltrexone (Contrave) – norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator, and μ-opioid receptor antagonist combination
• Cericlamine (JO-1017) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Citalopram/pipamperone (PipCit; PNB-01) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor and typical antipsychotic combination
• Depression therapy - Genopia Biomedical – undefined mechanism of action
• (R)-Desmethylsibutramine ((+)-desmethylsibutramine; or (R)-desmethylsibutramine/(+)-didesmethylsibutramine) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Deulumateperone (ITI-1284; lumateperone deuterated) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Dipraglurant (ADX-48621; mGluR5-NAM) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₅ receptor negative allosteric modulator
• Erteberel (LY-500307; SERBA-1) – estrogen receptor β (ERβ) agonist
• Esketamine (esketamine DPI; Falkieri; PG061; S-ketamine) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Eszopiclone (Lunesta) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and Z-drug
• EVT-101 (ENS-101) – NR2B subunit-containing ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor negative allosteric modulator
• Fananserin (RP-62203) – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist and dopamine D₄ receptor antagonist
• Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1) – fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) agonist
• Filorexant (MK-6096) – orexin OX₁ and OX₂ receptor antagonist
• GEA-857 (alaproclate analogue) – potassium conductance putative blocker
• GSK-588045 – serotonin 5-HT_1A, 5-HT_1B, and 5-HT_1D receptor antagonist
• GSK-1360707 – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• HS-10353 – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator
• Hypidone – serotonin reuptake inhibitor and serotonin 5-HT_1A and 5-HT₆ receptor agonist
• Igmesine (CI-1019; JO-1784) – sigma σ₁ receptor agonist
• Imiloxan (RS-21361) – α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• IN-ASTR-001 – undefined mechanism of action
• Ketamine (transdermal patch; SHX-001) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Ketamine (sublingual; ketamine wafer; SLS-003; Wafermine) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• KFM-19 – adenosine A₁ receptor antagonist
• LSM-6 (3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylphenethylamine) – undefined mechanism of action (adrenergic and serotonergic agent; constituent of Limacia scanden Lour.) – was under development in Malaysia
• Midomafetamine (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine; MDMA; ecstasy) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine releasing agent and weak serotonin 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2B, and 5-HT_2C receptor agonist (entactogen and weak psychedelic hallucinogen)
• Mitizodone (HEC-113995) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor and serotonin 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_1B receptor partial agonist
• Nivacortol (nivazole; NEBO-174; novozola) – glucocorticoid receptor antagonist
• Omiloxetine – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Oxitriptan (5-hydroxytryptophan; 5-HTP; EVX-301) – serotonin precursor
• Pseudohypericin – undefined mechanism of action (constituent of St John's wort)
• Psilocybin (CYB-001; INT0052/2020) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• Psilocybin (biosynthetic psilocybin; PB-1818) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and psychedelic hallucinogen
• QRX-002 – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• RG-7351 – trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist
• Riluzole (sublingual; BHV-0223; Nurtec) – complex mechanism of action or glutamatergic modulator
• Risperidone (Risperdal) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• SAR-102779 (SAR-10279) – neurokinin NK₂ receptor antagonist
• SD-254 (deuterated venlafaxine) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• SEP-378614 – undefined mechanism of action
• SNA-1 – undefined mechanism of action
• Soclenicant (BNC-210; IW-2143) – α₇ nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator
• SPL-801-B ((2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine; 6-HNK) – non-hallucinogenic ketamine derivative/metabolite
• TrkB receptor antagonist (Celon Pharma) – tropomyosin receptor kinase TrkB antagonist
• YDP-2225 – undefined mechanism of action

Development discontinued

• ABT-436 – vasopressin V_1b receptor antagonist
• Adatanserin (WAY-SEB-324; WY-50324; SEB-324) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist and serotonin 5-HT_2A and 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist
• ADX-71149 (JNJ-1813; JNJ-40411813; JNJ-mGluR2-PAM) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₂ receptor modulator
• Amesergide (LY-237733) – serotonin 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2B, and 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist, α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist, and other actions
• Amibegron (SR-58611; SR-58611A) – β₃-adrenergic receptor agonist
• Aprepitant (MK-869) – neurokinin NK₁ receptor antagonist
• ARA-014418 (AR-A014418; GSK-3β Inhibitor VIII) – glycogen synthase kinase GSK-3β inhibitor
• Armodafinil (CEP-10953; Nuvigil; (R)-modafinil) – atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Aticaprant (AVTX-501; CERC-501; JNJ-3964; JNJ-67953964; LY-2456302) – κ-opioid receptor antagonist
• Atipamezole (antisedan; MPV-1248) – α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Atomoxetine (LY-139603; Strattera; Tomoxetine) – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• AZD-2066 – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₅ receptor antagonist
• AZD-2327 – δ-opioid receptor agonist
• AZD-7268 – δ-opioid receptor agonist
• AZD-8129 (AR-A000002; AR-A2XX; AR-A2) – serotonin 5-HT_1B receptor antagonist
• Basimglurant (NOE-101; RG-7090; RO-4917523) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₅ receptor antagonist
• Befloxatone (MD-370503) – monoamine oxidase MAO-A reversible inhibitor
• BMS-181101 (BMY-42569) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor and serotonin 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_1D receptor agonist
• Buspirone (transdermal; BuSpar Patch) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist
• Casopitant (GW-679769; GW679769) – neurokinin NK₁ receptor antagonist
• Centpropazine – unknown mechanism of action
• Cibinetide (ARA-290) – erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) agonist
• Citalopram (controlled-release) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Clavulanic acid (RX-10100; Serdaxin; Zoraxel) – β-lactamase inhibitor and unknown mechanism of action (glutamate transporter GLT1 expression enhancer, dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin modulator, possibly via Munc18-1 and Rab4 interactions)
• Clovoxamine (DU-23811) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Coluracetam (BCI-540; MKC-231) – ionotropic glutamate AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator, choline uptake and acetylcholine synthesis enhancer, and racetam
• CP-316311 – corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) inhibitor
• Crinecerfont (NBI-74788; SSR-125543; SSR-125543A) – corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF₁) antagonist
• CRL-41789 – undefined mechanism of action
• Cutamesine (AGY-94806; Msc-1; SA-4503) – sigma σ₁ receptor agonist
• CX157 (KP157; TriRima; Tyrima) – monoamine oxidase MAO-A reversible inhibitor
• Dapoxetine (LY-210448; Priligy) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Dasotraline (DSP-225289; SEP-225289; SEP-0225289; SEP-289) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• DDP-225 – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist
• Decoglurant – metabotropic glutamate mGlu₂ and mGlu₃ receptor antagonist
• Delequamine (RS-15385; RS-15385197) – α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Delucemine (NPS-1506) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor polyamine site antagonist and serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Dexmecamylamine (AT-5214; NIH-11008; S-mecamylamine; TC-5214) – α₃β₄ and α₄β₂ nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator
• Dexnafenodone (LU-43706) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• DMP-695 – corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) inhibitor
• DOV-216303 – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• DPC-368 – undefined mechanism of action
• DSP-1200 – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist, dopamine D₂ receptor antagonist, and α_2A-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Edivoxetine (EDP-125; LY-2216684) – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Elzasonan (CP-448187) – serotonin 5-HT_1B and 5-HT_1D receptor antagonist
• Emapunil (AC-5216; XBD-173) – translocator protein (TSPO; peripheral benzodiazepine receptor) agonist (neurosteroidogenesis stimulant)
• Emicerfont (GW-876008; GW-876008X) – corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF₁) antagonist
• Eplivanserin (Ciltyri; Sliwens; SR-46349; SR-46349B; SR-46615A) – serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist
• Eptapirone (F-11440) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor full agonist
• Esreboxetine ((S,S)-Reboxetine; AXS-14; PNU-165442G) – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Esuprone (LU-43839) – monoamine oxidase MAO-A reversible inhibitor
• Ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid (Ethyl-EPA) – omega-3 fatty acid
• F-14258 – serotonin 5-HT_1B and 5-HT_1D receptor antagonist https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800012003
• Farampator (CX-691; ORG-24448) – ionotropic glutamate AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator
• Fasoracetam (AEVI-001; LAM-105; MDGN-001; NFC-1; NS-105) – unknown mechanism of action (metabotropic glutamate receptor modulator) and racetam
• FCE-25876 – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Flerobuterol (CRL-40827) – β-adrenergic receptor agonist
• Flesinoxan (DU-29373) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor agonist
• Flibanserin (Addyi; BIMT-17; Girosa) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2B, and 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist, and dopamine D₄ receptor antagonist
• (R)-Fluoxetine – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Fluparoxan (GR-50360; GR-50360A) – α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Gaboxadol (LU-02030; LU-2-030; MK-0928; OV-101; THIP) – GABA_A receptor agonist
• Girisopam (EGIS-5810; GYKI-51189) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and benzodiazepine
• GYKI-52895 – dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Haloperidol (CLR-3001) – typical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator; low-dose withdrawal therapy)
• HT-2157 (SNAP-37889) – galanin GAL₃ receptor antagonist
• ICI-170809 (ZM-170809) – serotonin 5-HT₂ receptor antagonist
• Idazoxan – α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Ipsapirone (BAY-Q-7821; TVX-Q-7821) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist
• IRFI-165 – adenosine A₁ receptor antagonist
• Istradefylline (KW-6002; Nourianz; Nouriast) – adenosine A₂ receptor antagonist
• JNJ-18038683 – serotonin 5-HT₇ receptor antagonist
• JNJ-19567470 (CRA-5626; R-317573) – corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF₁) antagonist
• JNJ-26489112 – unknown mechanism of action (topiramate successor)
• JNJ-39393406 – α₇ nicotinic acetylcholine receptor positive allosteric modulator
• Lanicemine (AZD-6765) – low-trapping ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• LB-100 (LB-1) – protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor
• Levoprotiline (CGP-12103; CGP-12103A; CGS-12103; R(–)-oxaprotiline; R(–)-hydroxymaprotiline) – histamine H₁ receptor antagonist, other actions, and tetracyclic antidepressant
• Lithium – unknown mechanism of action and mood stabilizer
• Litoxetine (IXA-001; SL-810385) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor and weak serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist
• Losmapimod (FTX-1821; GS-856553; GSK-856553; GW-856553; GW-856553X) – p38-α/β mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor and double homeobox 4 (DUX4) inhibitor
• LU-AA34893 (LU-AA-34893) – serotonin receptor modulator
• LU-AA39959 (LU-AA-39959) – ion channel modulator
• Lubazodone (SM-50C; YM-35992; YM-992) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor and serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist
• Masitinib (AB-07105; AB-1010; Alsitek; Masican; Masipro; Masiviera) – tyrosine kinase inhibitor and other actions
• Mecamylamine (Inversine; Tridmac) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator
• MIN-117 (WF-516) – serotonin and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, serotonin 5-HT_1A and 5-HT₇ receptor antagonist, and α₁-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• MK-1942 – undefined mechanism of action
• ML-105 – undefined mechanism of action
• Naloxone/tianeptine (TNX-601; TNX-601-CR; TNX-601-ER) – weak and atypical μ- and δ-opioid receptor agonist, other actions, tricyclic antidepressant, and μ-opioid receptor antagonist combination
• Naluzotan (PRX-00023) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist and sigma σ₁ receptor antagonist
• NB-415 – vasopressin V_1b receptor antagonist
• Neboglamine (nebostinel; CR-2249; XY-2401) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor glycine site positive allosteric modulator
• Nefiracetam (BRN 6848330; CCRIS 6729; DM 9384; DMPPA; DN-9384; DZL-221; HL-0812; HPI-001; Motiva; Translon) – unknown mechanism of action (voltage-gated calcium channel potentiator, α₄β₂ nicotinic acetylcholine receptor potentiator, ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor potentiator (possible glycine site partial positive allosteric modulator), ionotropic glutamate AMPA receptor potentiator, and GABA_A receptor agonist) and racetam
• Nemifitide (INN-00835) – unknown mechanism of action
• NS-2359 (GSK-372475) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• NS-2389 (GW-650250; GW-650250A) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• ORG-37684 – serotonin 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2B, and 5-HT_2C receptor agonist
• ORM-10921 – α_2C-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Orvepitant (GW-823296; GW-823296X; GW823296) – neurokinin NK₁ receptor antagonist
• Osanetant (ACER-801; SR-142801; SR-142806) – neurokinin NK₃ receptor antagonist
• Pexacerfont (BMS-562086) – corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF₁) antagonist
• PF-04455242 – κ-opioid receptor antagonist
• PT-150 (ORG-34517; SCH-900636) – glucocorticoid receptor antagonist and androgen receptor antagonist
• Radafaxine (GW-353162; (2S,3S)-hydroxybupropion) – norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Ramelteon (Rozerem; TAK-375) – melatonin MT₁ and MT₂ receptor agonist
• Rapastinel (BV-102; GLYX-13; TPPT-amide) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor glycine site partial agonist
• RG-7166 – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Ritanserin (R-55667) – serotonin 5-HT_2A and 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist
• Robalzotan (AZD-7371; NAD-299) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor antagonist
• Rolipram (ME-3167; ZK-62711) – phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor
• Sabcomeline (BCI-224; CEB-242; Memric; SB-202026) – muscarinic acetylcholine M₁ receptor agonist
• Saredutant (SR-48968) – neurokinin NK₂ receptor antagonist
• SB-236057 – serotonin 5-HT_1B receptor inverse agonist
• SB-245570 – serotonin 5-HT_1B receptor antagonist
• SB-247853 – serotonin 5-HT_2C receptor inverse agonist
• Sibutramine (Aoquqing; BTS-54524; Ectiva; KES-524; Meridia; Reductase; Reductil; Reduxade; Sibutral) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Siramesine (LU-28179) – sigma σ₂ receptor agonist
• Sirukumab (CNTO-136; Plivensia) – interleukin 6 (IL-6) inhibitor
• SKL-10406 (SKL-DEP) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• SKL-PSY (FZ-016) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor agonist
• Sodium phenylbutyrate (slow-release; LU-901; Lunaphen) – histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor
• SSR-149415 (SR-149415) – vasopressin V_1b receptor antagonist
• SSR-241586 – neurokinin NK₂ and NK₃ receptor antagonist
• Tandospirone (metanopirone; Sediel; SM-3997) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist and α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Tasimelteon (BMS-214778; Hetlioz; VEC-162) – melatonin MT₁ and MT₂ receptor agonist
• Tedatioxetine (LU-AA24530) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, serotonin 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2C, and 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist, and α_1A-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Tianeptine (JNJ-39823277; TPI-1062) – weak and atypical μ- and δ-opioid receptor agonist, other actions, and tricyclic antidepressant
• TS-111 – undefined mechanism of action
• Tulrampator (CX-1632; S-47445) – ionotropic glutamate AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator
• Vanoxerine (boxeprazine; GBR-12909) – atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Verucerfont (GSK-561679; NBI-77860) – corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF₁) antagonist
• Vestipitant (GW-597599; GW-597599B) – neurokinin NK₁ receptor antagonist
• Viloxazine (Qelbree) – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• VN-2222 – serotonin reuptake inhibitor and serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist
• VUFB-17649 – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• VUFB-18285 – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• ZD-4974 – neurokinin NK₁ receptor antagonist
• Zelatriazin (TAK-041; NBI-1065846; NBI-846) – G protein-coupled receptor 139 (GPR139) agonist
• Ziprasidone (Geodon) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)

Preregistration submission withdrawal

• Aripiprazole/sertraline (ASC-01) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator) and serotonin reuptake inhibitor combination

Formal development never or not yet started

• Mevidalen (LY-3154207; D1 PAM) – dopamine D₁ receptor positive allosteric modulator – under development for Lewy body disease
• Nitrous oxide (N₂O; "laughing gas") – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist – being studied for depression but doesn't seem to be being formally developed towards approval

Clinically used drugs

Approved drugs

• Agomelatine (Valdoxan) – serotonin 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist and melatonin MT₁ and MT₂ receptor agonist
• Amineptine (Survector, Maneon) – norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor – withdrawn
• Amisulpride (Solian) – atypical antipsychotic (dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptor antagonist and serotonin 5-HT_2B and 5-HT₇ receptor antagonist)
• Amitriptyline (Elavil) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Amoxapine (Asendin) – tetracyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Aripiprazole (Abilify) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Brexanolone (allopregnanolone; SAGE-547; SGE-102; Zulresso) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and neurosteroid – approved for postpartum depression
• Brexpiprazole (Rexulti) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Bupropion (Wellbutrin) – norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator
• Bupropion/dextromethorphan (Auvelity) – sigma σ₁ receptor agonist, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator, ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, other actions, and CYP2D6 inhibitor combination
• Butriptyline (Evadyne) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator) – discontinued
• Cariprazine (Vraylar) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Citalopram (Celexa) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Desipramine (Norpramin) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Desvenlafaxine (extended-release; Khedezla) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor – withdrawn
• Desvenlafaxine (extended-release; WIP-DF17) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor – registered in South Korea
• Dosulepin (dothiepin; Prothiaden) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Doxepin (Sinequan) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Duloxetine (Cymbalta; Drizalma Sprinkle) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Escitalopram (Lexapro) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Esketamine (Spravato) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist
• Fluoxetine (Prozac; Sarafem) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Fluvoxamine (Luvox) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Gepirone (Exxua) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist and α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist
• Hypericum extract (LI-160; St John's wort) – undefined mechanism of action
• Imipramine (Tofranil) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Iproniazid (Marsilid) – monoamine oxidase MAO-A and MAO-B irreversible inhibitor – withdrawn
• Isocarboxazid (Marplan) – monoamine oxidase MAO-A and MAO-B irreversible inhibitor
• Levomilnacipran (Fetzima) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Levosulpiride (<small>L</small>-sulpiride; Levobren; Levopraid; Levosulpride; RV-12309; Sulpepta) – dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptor antagonist and serotonin 5-HT₄ receptor agonist
• Lofepramine (Lomont) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Lumateperone (Caplyta) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Lurasidone (Latuda) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Maprotiline (Ludiomil) – tetracyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Mianserin (Tolvon) – tetracyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Milnacipran (Dalcipran; Ixel; Savella) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Mirtazapine (Remeron) – α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist, serotonin 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2C, and 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist, histamine H₁ receptor inverse agonist, and tetracyclic antidepressant
• Moclobemide (Aurorix; Manerix) – monoamine oxidase MAO-A reversible inhibitor
• Nefazodone (BMY-13754; Dutonin; MJ-13754; MS-13754; Nefadar; Serzone) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor ligand, serotonin 5-HT_2A and 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist, α₁- and α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist, weak serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, and other actions – mostly withdrawn
• Nomifensine (Merital; Alival) – norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor – withdrawn
• Nortriptyline (Aventyl) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Olanzapine (Zyprexa) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Olanzapine/fluoxetine (OFC; Symbyax; ZypZac) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator) and serotonin reuptake inhibitor combination
• Opipramol (Ensidon; G-33040; Insidon; Nisidana) – sigma σ₁ and σ₂ receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist, dopamine D₂ receptor antagonist, α₁-adrenergic receptor antagonist, histamine H₁ receptor antagonist, other actions, and tricyclic antidepressant
• Paroxetine (Paxil; Seroxat) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Phenelzine (Nardil) – monoamine oxidase MAO-A and MAO-B irreversible inhibitor
• Protriptyline (Vivactil) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Quetiapine (Seroquel) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
• Reboxetine (Edronax) – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Selegiline (Emsam) – monoamine oxidase MAO-B irreversible inhibitor, catecholaminergic activity enhancer, and weak norepineprhine releasing agent (via metabolites)
• Sertraline (Zoloft; Lustral) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor
• Setiptiline (Tecipul; Tesolon) – serotonin receptor antagonist, α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and tetracyclic antidepressant
• Tianeptine (Coaxil; Stablon; Tatinol) – weak and atypical μ- and δ-opioid receptor agonist, other actions, and tricyclic antidepressant
• Toludesvenlafaxine (ansofaxine; 4-methylbenzoate desvenlafaxine; desvenlafaxine prodrug; LPM-570065; LY-03005; Ruoxinlin) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
• Tranylcypromine (Parnate) – monoamine oxidase MAO-A and MAO-B irreversible inhibitor
• Trazodone (Oleptro; Trittico) – serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist, serotonin 5-HT_2A and 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist, α₁- and α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist, weak serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and other actions
• Trimipramine (Surmontil) – tricyclic antidepressant (non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitor and/or receptor modulator)
• Venlafaxine (Effexor) – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Vilazodone (Viibryd) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor and serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor agonist
• Viloxazine (Vivalan) – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
• Vortioxetine (Trintellix) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor, serotonin 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_1B receptor agonist, and serotonin 5-HT_1D, 5-HT₃, and 5-HT₇ receptor antagonist
• Zimelidine (Zelmid) – serotonin reuptake inhibitor – withdrawn
• Zuranolone (BIIB-125; S-812217; SAGE-217; SGE-797; Zurzuvae) – GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulator and neurosteroid – approved for postpartum depression

See also

• List of antidepressants
• List of investigational drugs

References

Further reading

External links

• AdisInsight - Springer