The following is a list of political organizations and armed forces in Vietnam, since 1912:
1912âÂÂ1945
- Viá»Ât Nam Quang Phục Há»Âi (Vietnam Restoration League), 1912âÂÂ39, led by Phan Bá»Âi Châu
- Vietnam People's Progressive Party (1923âÂÂ?)
- Tâm Tâm Xã, 1923âÂÂ25, led by Há» Tùng MáºÂu (1896âÂÂ1951), Lê Há»Âng Sán (1899âÂÂ1933), Phạm Há»Âng Thái
- ÃÂảng LáºÂp hiến ÃÂông Dðáng (Constitutionalist Party â Parti Constitutionaliste Indochinois), 1923âÂÂ39, led by Bùi Quang Chiêu (1872âÂÂ1945), Nguyá»Â
n Phan Lon (1889âÂÂ1960), Duong Van Giao (1892âÂÂ1945)
- Há»Âi Viá»Ât Nam Cách mạng Thanh niên (Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League), 1925âÂÂ29, led by Nguyá»Â
n ÃÂi Quá»Âc, Há» Tùng MáºÂu, Lê Há»Âng Sán, Lê Há»Âng Phong, Lê Duy ÃÂiếm (1906âÂÂ30)
- ÃÂảng Thanh niên Cao vá»Âng (Nguyá»Â
n An Ninh Association), 1925âÂÂ29, led by Nguyá»Â
n An Ninh
- Tân Viá»Ât Revolutionary Party (Vietnam Restoration, Vietnam Revolutionary Party, New Vietnam Revolutionary Party), 1925âÂÂ30, led by ÃÂào Duy Anh (1904âÂÂ88) and Tôn Quang Phiá»Ât (1900âÂÂ73)
- Thanh niên ÃÂảng, 1925, led by Trần Huy Liá»Âu (1901âÂÂ69)
- ÃÂông Dðáng Lao ÃÂá»Âng ÃÂảng, in Cochinchina, 1926âÂÂ29, led by Cao Triá»Âu Phát (1889âÂÂ1956)
- ÃÂảng Viá»Ât Nam ÃÂá»Âc láºÂp, 1927âÂÂ29, left-wing, led by Nguyá»Â
n Thế Truyá»Ân (1898âÂÂ1969), Tạ Thu Thâu
- New Vietnam Party (1927âÂÂ?)
- Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League (Viá»Ât Nam Thanh Niên Cách Má»Ânh ÃÂá»Âng ChàHá»Âi) (1925âÂÂ1929)
- Viá»Ât Nam Quá»Âc Dân ÃÂảng (Vietnam Nationalist Party), Tonkin, has Paramilitary forces (Yên Bái mutiny), 1945âÂÂ49 pro-Republic of China/Nationalist Chinese forces, and Bảo ÃÂại since 1947. Has military forces (Dân Quá»Âc quân in Tonkin, Annam, Cochinchina, Anti-French in Cochinchina 1945), conflict with Viet Minh since 1945. Minor joined with Viet Minh anti-French
- Communist Party of Indochina, 1929âÂÂ30, Notable members and led: Trá»Ânh ÃÂình Cá»Âu (1906âÂÂ90), Ngô Gia Tá»± (1908âÂÂ35), Nguyá»Â
n ÃÂức Cảnh (1908âÂÂ32), Trần VÃÂn Cung (1906âÂÂ77), ÃÂá» Ngá»Âc Du (1907âÂÂ38),...(first communist cell in French Indochina)
- Communist Party of Annam, 1929âÂÂ30, led by Châu VÃÂn Liêm (1902âÂÂ30), Nguyá»Â
n Thiá»Âu (1903âÂÂ89), Há» Tùng MáºÂu, Lê Há»Âng Sán
- Communist League of Indochina, established in 1930, Notable members: Trần Hữu Chðáng, Nguyá»Â
n Khoa VÃÂn, Võ Nguyên Giáp, Nguyá»Â
n ChàDiá»Âu,...
- Communist Party of Vietnam, led uprisings (armed struggle) in Nghá» An, HàTénh,...(1930âÂÂ31), in Bắc Sán District (1940), Cochinchina (1940), and 1945, founded the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Vietnam People's Army with First Indochina War anti-France and army Bảo ÃÂại,... (VPA in the Laos, Cambodia since 1947, support Lao Issara, Neo Lao Issara/Pathet Lao, Khmer Issarak and United Issarak Front ), Vietnam War anti-USA and South Vietnam Government (and support Neo Lao Hak Sat (Lao Patriotic Front), Khmer Rouge and Sihanouk), CambodianâÂÂVietnamese War (1975âÂÂ89), Sino-Vietnamese War (1979âÂÂ89),... led by Central Committee of the CPV.
- Trotskyist Movement (1931âÂÂ46), in Cochinchina, led by Ta Thu Thau, in Tonkin led by Ho Huu Tuong (1910âÂÂ80)
- Vietnam Restoration League (1931)
- Socialist Party (1936âÂÂ)
- Democratic Party (1937âÂÂ)
- Vietnam National Restoration League (Viá»Ât Nam Phục quá»Âc ÃÂá»Âng minh Há»Âi) (1939âÂÂ1951)
- League for the National Restoration of Vietnam (), officially established in 1939, led by Cðá»Âng ÃÂá»Â, Nguyá»Â
n Thðợng Hiá»Ân, Nguyá»Â
n Hải Thần, Ho Hoc Lam (1883?âÂÂ1942), Tran Trong Khac, has military force (Viá»Ât Nam Kiến quá»Âc Quân) returned from China with Imperial Japanese Army, attack on Lạng Sán and Bắc Giang 1940, against French. League pro-Japanese, and joined with Cao Dai. Revived in 1947, and urged reconciliation between Ho Chi Minh and Bảo ÃÂại, to 1951 when Cðá»Âng ÃÂá» died
- ÃÂại Viá»Ât Quá»Âc gia Xã há»Âi ÃÂảng (The National Socialist Party), Tonkin, 1936âÂÂ46, led by Nguyá»Â
n Xuân Tiếu, Trần Trá»Âng Kim, pro-Japanese
- ÃÂảng Dân chá»§ ÃÂông Dðáng (Cochinchinese Democratic Party),1937âÂÂ39, led by Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Thinh
- ÃÂại Viá»Ât Dân chÃÂnh ÃÂảng (Great Annam Democratic Party), 1938âÂÂ45, led by Nguyá»Â
n Tðá»Âng Tam (1905âÂÂ63)
- Vietnam Revolutionary Party (ÃÂảng Nhân dân Cách mạng)/ Vietnam National Party, 1939âÂÂ41, led by Trần VÃÂn ÃÂn (1903âÂÂ2002)
- Nationalist Party of Greater Vietnam, 1939âÂÂ75, led by Trðáng Tá» Anh, pro-Japanese (to 1945), has military forces in Tonkin, Annam, Cochinchina, anti-French and Viet Minh, since 1954 anti-government of Ngô ÃÂình Diá»Âm in Central and South Vietnam, to 1963.
- Viet Minh (League for the Independence of Vietnam), included: The Indochinese Communist Party, The New Vietnam Party, The Vietnam Revolutionary Youth League, Vietnam Nationalist Party (a part)...Has military forces in Tonkin ("Cứu quá»Âc quân"-1940, "Viá»Ât Nam Tuyên truyá»Ân Giải phóng quân" âÂÂ1944, joined in 1945 named the Liberation Army â Giải phóng quân), Annam (The Ba Tá Guerrilla Unit, Ba Tá District, March 1945) and Paramilitary forces in Cochinchina (Liberation Youth,...). After August Revolution (that followed by the foundation of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) in 1945, found "Vá» quá»Âc quân" (National Guard â army of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) in Tonkin, Annam. In Cochinchina, armed forces and Paramilitary forces of Viet Minh were participants Southern Resistance War along with National Guard, army Bình Xuyên (closely with Viet Minh), The Liberation Youth and Vanguard Youth (of the Viet Minh), minor armed forces of Cao ÃÂài, Hòa Hảo, and Vietnam Nationalist Party. Liberation Army of Viet Minh in Cochinchina joined with National Guard 1946âÂÂ48. National Guard was named the Vietnamese National Army (1946) and was referred to as the Vietnamese People's Army, since 1950, led by Communist Party.
- The Liberation League
- (), established in 1942, included: The Vietnam Nationalist Party (Viá»Ât Nam Quá»Âc Dân ÃÂảng), The Vietnam Restoration League (Viet Nam Phuc Quoc Dong Minh Hoi), The Great Vietnam Nationalist Party (Dai Viet Quoc Dan Dang), The Viet Minh (to 1944), pro-Republic of China. Has military forces in Tonkin. League was revived in 1947, pro-Bảo ÃÂại
- The Vietnam National Liberation League, 1942
- The Vietnam Patriots' Party (Viá»Ât Nam ÃÂi quá»Âc ÃÂảng), in Cochinchina, pro-Japanese
- The Youth Justice Association
- The Youth Patriots
- ÃÂại Viá»Ât Phục hðng Há»Âi, 1942âÂÂ45, led by Ngô ÃÂình Diá»Âm
- ÃÂại Viá»Ât Duy Dân, in Tonkin, 1943âÂÂ46, led by Lý ÃÂông A (1921âÂÂ47), has minor paramilitary forces
- Democratic Party of Vietnam, 1944âÂÂ88, led by Dðáng ÃÂức Hiá»Ân (1916âÂÂ63), Nghiêm Xuân Yêm (1913âÂÂ2001), anti-French, closely with Communist Party. Disputed with Communist Party in Cochinchina, Hải Dðáng (after August Revolution) a time.
- The Great Religion of the Third Amnesty (ÃÂại ÃÂạo Tam Kỳ Phá» ÃÂá»Â). Since 1943, has pro-Japanese army. After August revolution, closely with Viet Minh a time. Group of Cao Trieu Phat anti-French, closely with Viet Minh, group of Pham Cong Tac pro-French. After 1954, army Cao ÃÂài anti-Ngô ÃÂình Diá»Âm, minor joined Viet Cong
- The Hòa Hảo Buddhist Sect (PháºÂt Giáo Hòa Hảo), led by Huynh Phu So, has army since 1945âÂÂ46, anti-French, after pro-French, minor joined with Viet Minh. Since 1954, anti-Ngô ÃÂình Diá»Âm, minor joined Viet Cong
- ÃÂại Viá»Ât Quá»Âc gia Cách má»Ânh Ủy viên Há»Âi, 1945
- National Unified Front, in Cochinchina (August 1945), included: National Independence Vietnam Party (Viá»Ât Nam Quá»Âc gia ÃÂá»Âc láºÂp ÃÂảng), Vanguard Youth, Doan the Cao ÃÂài, Phat Giao Hòa Hảo, Intellectual Group, Federation of Functionaries, Buddhist League, The Struggle group of Trotskyist Movement, to be in disagreements with Viet Minh, exception Vanguard Youth joined with Viet Minh in the August Revolution
- Union National Front, formed in Nanking, China in February, 1947, by Vietnam Nationalist Party, Vietnamese Democratic Socialist Party and Vietnam Revolutionary League (Dong Minh Hoi) leaders,... had armed force anti-Viet Minh, pro-Bảo ÃÂại
- Youth for National Liberation
- Vanguard Youth/Advance Guard Youth, has paramilitary forces pro-Japanese. After, Vanguard Youth joined with Viet Minh
- The Vietnam National Independence Party (Viá»Ât Nam Quá»Âc gia ÃÂá»Âc láºÂp ÃÂảng), in Cochinchina, 1945âÂÂ46, Trần VÃÂn ÃÂn, Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Sâm (?âÂÂ1947), Há» VÃÂn Ngà, Phan Khắc Sá»Âu, pro-Japanese
1946âÂÂ1954
- Socialist Party of Vietnam, 1946âÂÂ88, led by Phan Tð Nghéa (born 1910), Nguyen Xien (1907âÂÂ97) anti-French
- League for the National Union of Vietnam (Há»Âi Liên hiá»Âp quá»Âc dân Viá»Ât Nam/Liên Viá»Ât), 1946âÂÂ51, led by Bùi Bằng ÃÂoàn (1889âÂÂ1955), Huỳnh Thúc Kháng, Tôn ÃÂức Thắng, included: Viet Minh, Democratic Party of Vietnam, Socialist Party of Vietnam, Marxism Research Association, Vietnam Nationalist Party and Vietnam Revolutionary League (since August 1946, minor group in Vietnam Nationalist Party and Vietnam Revolutionary League)...
- Vietnamese Democratic Socialist Party, 1946 in Cochinchina, led by Huỳnh Phú Sá»Â, after anti-Viet Minh, a party of Republic of Vietnam
- Bình Xuyên, has armed forces anti-French (1945âÂÂ46), after divided, minor joined Viet Minh (group Dðáng VÃÂn Hà). Since 1954 group pro-Bảo ÃÂại and France of Lê VÃÂn Viá»Â
n anti-Ngô ÃÂình Diá»Âm. After, a minor group joined Viet Cong (group Võ VÃÂn Môn).
- Monarchist Party, formed 1945, in Annam (Central Vietnam)
- Popular Movement, in Tonkin (?âÂÂ1949)
- Vietnamese Nationalist Youth Alliance, in Tonkin
- Pays Montagnard du Sud-Indochinois, Fédération Thaï/Pays Taï, Territoire Autonome Nung, Territoire Autonome Muong, Territoire Autonome Tho,... has armed force in army of Bảo ÃÂại or Union Indochinoise/Indochine française, to 1954
- Vietnam Catholic League (Viá»Ât Nam Liên ÃÂoàn Công giáo), 1945, led by Lê Hữu Từ (1896âÂÂ1967), Nguyen Manh Ha, supported the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1945 and 1946. Ngô ÃÂình Diá»Âm led the League into the National Union Front. The Catholic Militias anti-Viet Minh in Tonkin, Bến Tre Province.
- Cao ÃÂài League, led by Phạm Công Tắc, pro-Japanese, Cðá»Âng ÃÂá»Â
- Buddhist Group (Tá»Ânh ÃÂá» cð sé), overseas Chinese community in Cochinchina, pro-Bảo ÃÂại
- Vietnam National Rally (Viá»Ât Nam quá»Âc gia liên hiá»Âp), 1947 â led by Lê VÃÂn Hoạch, monarchism
- Indochinese Democratic Party, 1946âÂÂ, pro-French
- Cochinchinese Democratic Party, pro-French, led by Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Thinh
- Popular Front of Indochina, pro-French
- Popular Movement of Cochinchina, pro-French
- Democratic League, 1947 in Cochinchina
- Independents, 1946, led by Hoang Minh Chau (in National Assembly)
- Renaissance Party, 1953âÂÂ63, South Vietnam, led by Trần VÃÂn Hðáng
- Cần lao Party, 1954âÂÂ63, South Vietnam, support the Ngô ÃÂình Diá»Âm
1955âÂÂ1975
- New Greater Vietnam Party, South Vietnam, 1964âÂÂ75, led by Nguyá»Â
n Ngá»Âc Huy (1924âÂÂ90)
- ÃÂại Viá»Ât Cách mạng ÃÂảng (Revolutionary Greater Vietnam Party), South Vietnam, 1965âÂÂ75, led by HàThúc Ký (1920âÂÂ2008)
- National Social Democratic Party, 1967âÂÂ75, in South Vietnam, led by Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Thiá»Âu, Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Ngân
- Viá»Ât Nam Nhân xã Cách mạng ÃÂảng, in South Vietnam, 1967âÂÂ75, led by Trðáng Công Cừu, since 1970 divided into several parts
- Dan Viet Progressive Party, in South Vietnam
- ÃÂại Viá»Ât Duy dân ÃÂảng, in South Vietnam
- ÃÂảng Công Nông Viá»Ât Nam (Peasants and Workers Party/Cần Lao Party), in South Vietnam, 1969âÂÂ75, led by Trần Quá»Âc Bá»Âu
- National Social Democratic Front, South Vietnam, included: Democratic Party, Viá»Ât Nam Nhân xã Cách mạng ÃÂảng, Viá»Ât Nam Dân chá»§ Xã há»Âi ÃÂảng,... pro-government bloc, 1968âÂÂ75, led by Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Thiá»Âu
- ÃÂảng Cá»Âng Hòa Xã Há»Âi, of Cao ÃÂài, in South Vietnam
- ÃÂảng Dân Xã, of Christians, in South Vietnam
- Forces for National Reconciliation (Lá»±c Lðợng Hòa Giải Hòa Hợp Dân Tá»Âc), in South Vietnam, led by VÃ
© VÃÂn Mẫu (1914âÂÂ98)
- United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races, 1964âÂÂ92, guerrilla group
- National Liberation Front for South Vietnam (NLF), 1960 â January 1977, has Liberation Army of South Vietnam, led by Workers Party of Vietnam
- Radical Socialist Party of the South Vietnam, in NLF, 1961âÂÂ75, led by Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Hiếu (1922âÂÂ91), Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Tiến
- Democratic of Party of the South Vietnam, in NLF, divided since Democratic Party of Vietnam (founded 1944) âÂÂ1975, led by Trần Bá»Âu Kiếm (born 1921), Huỳnh Tấn Phát
- People's Revolutionary Party of South Vietnam, in NLF, 1962âÂÂ75 led by Central Committee of Workers Party of Vietnam, chairman: Võ ChàCông, general Secretary: Nguyá»Â
n VÃÂn Linh, was the southern branch of the Workers Party of Vietnam
- Alliance of National, Democratic and Peace Forces of Viá»Ât Nam (Liên minh các Lá»±c lðợng Dân tá»Âc, Dân chá»§ vàHòa bình Viá»Ât Nam), 1968, led by Trá»Ânh ÃÂình Thảo (1901âÂÂ86), merged Vietnamese Fatherland Front of North Vietnam, National Liberation Front of South Vietnam 1977
1975âÂÂpresent
See also
References