Theridion

Theridion is a genus of tangle-web spiders with a worldwide distribution. Notable species are the Hawaiian happy face spider (T. grallator), named for the iconic symbol on its abdomen, and T. nigroannulatum, one of few spider species that lives in social groups, attacking prey en masse to overwhelm them as a team.

Identification

Spiders in this genus are about as long or longer than they are wide. Their chelicerae have two or less teeth on the front edge and none on the back edge. The front leg is the longest in both genders, but the next longest is the second leg in males and the fourth leg in females. The epigyne can vary, but the pedipalp has a median apophysis and a colulus is absent from both genders. In several species, the males have mastidia (projections) on the chelicerae.

Theridion has the anterior eye row slightly curved and with a gap between it and the posterior eye row. This distinguishes it from Enoplognatha, another theridiid genus in which the anterior eye row is almost straight and the gap between eye rows is very small.

Ecology

Theridion build tangle webs, usually under leaves and among vegetation. At night, spiders hang upside-down in these webs. During the day, they hide close by their webs.

Philodromus cespitum, a species of running crab spider, preys on Theridion spiders in European fruit orchards.

Mating

Mating behaviour has been studied in several Theridion species. It involves pseudocopulation, numerous sperm inductions and copulatory sequences. The male approaches the female to mate, usually in the latter's retreat (a hood-shaped part of the web where the female lives in). Male Theridion perform contralateral insertions, inserting their left palp into the female's right introductory duct and vice versa for the right palp. Female Theridion are less aggressive after mating compared to other genera of theridiids.

Species

, this genus includes 572 species and three subspecies. However, the genus has traditionally been assigned species that lack a colulus and did not fit into other genera (wastebasket taxon). New species continue to be described on a regular basis.

These species have articles on Wikipedia:

• Theridion albidum <small>Banks, 1895</small> – Canada, United States
• Theridion albocinctum <small>Urquhart, 1892</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion albomaculosum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869</small> – Sri Lanka
• Theridion ampliatum <small>Urquhart, 1892</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion argentatulum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion attritum <small>(Simon, 1908)</small> – Australia (Western Australia)
• Theridion californicum <small>Banks, 1904</small> – Canada, United States
• Theridion cheimatos <small>Gertsch & Archer, 1942</small> – United States
• Theridion cruciferum <small>Urquhart, 1886</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion cuspulatum <small>Schmidt & Krause, 1998</small> – Cape Verde
• Theridion differens <small>Emerton, 1882</small> – Canada, United States
• Theridion dilutum <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States, Mexico
• Theridion elegantissimum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Taiwan
• Theridion flabelliferum <small>Urquhart, 1887</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion flavonotatum <small>Becker, 1879</small> – United States, Cuba, Turks & Caicos
• Theridion frondeum <small>Hentz, 1850</small> – Canada, United States, Bahamas
• Theridion gabardi <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Sri Lanka
• Theridion glaucescens <small>Becker, 1879</small> – Canada, United States
• Theridion gracilipes <small>Urquhart, 1889</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion grallator <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• Theridion incertissimum <small>(Caporiacco, 1954)</small> – French Guiana, Brazil
• Theridion kawea <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States, Mexico
• Theridion lawrencei <small>Gertsch & Archer, 1942</small> – Canada, United States
• Theridion leechi <small>Gertsch & Archer, 1942</small> – Canada, United States
• Theridion llano <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• Theridion logan <small>Levi & Patrick, 2013</small> – United States
• Theridion longicrure <small>Marples, 1956</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion luteitarse <small>Schmidt & Krause, 1995</small> – Cape Verde
• Theridion melanurum <small>Hahn, 1831</small> – Macaronesia, North Africa, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia), Middle East. Introduced to Canada, United States
• Theridion michelbacheri <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• Theridion modestum <small>(Simon, 1894)</small> – Sri Lanka
• Theridion murarium <small>Emerton, 1882</small> – Canda, United States, Mexico
• Theridion neomexicanum <small>Banks, 1901</small> – Canada, United States
• Theridion neshamini <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• Theridion nodiferum <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Sri Lanka
• Theridion pennsylvanicum <small>Emerton, 1913</small> – Canada, United States
• Theridion pictum <small>(Walckenaer, 1802)</small> – North America, Europe, North Africa, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Turkemenistan, China, Japan. Introduced to South Africa (type species)
• Theridion porphyreticum <small>Urquhart, 1889</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion punctipes <small>Emerton, 1924</small> – United States, Mexico
• Theridion punicapunctatum <small>Urquhart, 1891</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion quadratum <small>(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882)</small> – Sri Lanka, Indonesia (Sumatra)
• Theridion rabuni <small>Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944</small> – Canada, United States, Bahamas
• Theridion squalidum <small>Urquhart, 1886</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion strepitus <small>Peck & Shear, 1987</small> – Galapagos
• Theridion submissum <small>Gertsch & Davis, 1936</small> – United States, Mexico, Bahama Is. Jamaica
• Theridion teliferum <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Sri Lanka
• Theridion varians <small>Hahn, 1833</small> – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran, Central Asia, China. Introduced to Canada, United States
• Theridion viridanum <small>Urquhart, 1887</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion zantholabio <small>Urquhart, 1886</small> – New Zealand
• Theridion zonulatum <small>Thorell, 1890</small> – India, China, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo)

• T. abruptum <small>Simon, 1884</small> – Sudan
• T. acanthopodum <small>Gao & Li, 2014</small> – China
• T. accoense <small>, 1985</small> – Israel
• T. acutitarse <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. adjacens <small>(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896)</small> – Mexico to Panama
• T. adrianopoli <small>Drensky, 1915</small> – North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece (incl. Crete), Turkey
• T. aeolium <small>Levi, 1963</small> – United States
• T. agrarium <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. agreste <small>Nicolet, 1849</small> – Chile
• T. agrifoliae <small>Levi, 1957</small> – Canada, United States
• T. akme <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama
• T. akron <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama
• T. albidorsum <small>Strand, 1909</small> – South Africa
• T. albidum <small>Banks, 1895</small> – Canada, United States
• T. albioculum <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. albipes <small>L. Koch, 1878</small> – Caucasus (Russia, Georgia)
• T. albocinctum <small>Urquhart, 1892</small> – New Zealand
• T. albodecoratum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. albolineatum <small>Nicolet, 1849</small> – Chile
• T. albolineolatum <small>Caporiacco, 1940</small> – Ethiopia
• T. albomaculosum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869</small> – Sri Lanka
• T. albopictum <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. albostriatum <small>(L. Koch, 1867)</small> – New Guinea, Australia (Queensland, Norfolk Is.), Tonga
• T. albulum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898</small> – Panama
• T. amarga <small>Levi, 1967</small> – Chile, Argentina
• T. amatitlan <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Guatemala
• T. ambiguum <small>Nicolet, 1849</small> – Chile
• T. ampascachi <small>Mello-Leitão, 1941</small> – Argentina
• T. ampliatum <small>Urquhart, 1892</small> – New Zealand
• T. angusticeps <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. angustifrons <small>Caporiacco, 1934</small> – Pakistan
• T. anson <small>Levi, 1967</small> – Chile (Juan Fernandez Is.)
• T. antillanum <small>Simon, 1894</small> – Caribbean
• T. apiculatum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. aporum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. apostoli <small>Mello-Leitão, 1945</small> – Argentina
• T. apulco <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. aragua <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. archeri <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Cuba
• T. argentatulum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – New Zealand
• T. ariel <small>Bellvert & Arnedo, 2021</small> – Hawaii
• T. arizonense <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• T. arsia <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2021</small> – Iran, Kazakhstan
• T. artum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama, Trinidad
• T. aruanum <small>Strand, 1911</small> – Indonesia (Aru Is.)
• T. arushae <small>Caporiacco, 1947</small> – Tanzania
• T. asbolodes <small>Rainbow, 1917</small> – Australia (South Australia)
• T. asopi <small>Vanuytven, 2014</small> – Western and Central Europe, Italy
• T. astrigerum <small>Thorell, 1895</small> – Myanmar
• T. atratum <small>Thorell, 1877</small> – Indonesia (Sulawesi)
• T. attritum <small>(Simon, 1908)</small> – Australia (Western Australia)
• T. auberti <small>Simon, 1904</small> – South Africa
• T. aulos <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. australe <small>Banks, 1899</small> – United States, Mexico, Caribbean
• T. baccula <small>Thorell, 1887</small> – Myanmar
• T. baltasarense <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Windward Is.
• T. banksi <small>Berland, 1920</small> – East Africa
• T. barbarae <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. beebei <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. bellatulum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. bengalense <small>Sen, Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2011</small> – India
• T. bergi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
• T. berlandi <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Samoa
• T. bernardi <small>Lecigne, 2017</small> – Portugal
• T. betteni <small>Wiehle, 1960</small> – Europe, Turkey
• T. bicruciatum <small>Roewer, 1961</small> – Senegal, Mozambique, South Africa, Eswatini
• T. bidepressum <small>Yin, Peng & Zhang, 2005</small> – China
• T. biezankoi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. biforaminum <small>Gao & Zhu, 1993</small> – China
• T. biolleyi <small>Banks, 1909</small> – Costa Rica
• T. biseriatum <small>Thorell, 1890</small> – Indonesia (Sumatra)
• T. bisignatum <small>(Mello-Leitão, 1945)</small> – Brazil, Argentina
• T. bitakum <small>Barrion & , 1995</small> – Philippines
• T. blaisei <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. boesenbergi <small>Strand, 1904</small> – Europe, Caucasus
• T. bolivari <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. bolum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. bomae <small>Schmidt, 1957</small> – DR Congo
• T. bosniense <small>Wunderlich, 2011</small> – Bosnia and Herzegovina
• T. botanicum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. brachypus <small>Thorell, 1887</small> – Myanmar
• T. bradyanum <small>Strand, 1907</small> – South Africa
• T. brunellii <small>Caporiacco, 1940</small> – Ethiopia
• T. brunneonigrum <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. bryantae <small>Roewer, 1951</small> – Mexico
• T. bullatum <small>Tullgren, 1910</small> – Tanzania
• T. buxtoni <small>Berland, 1929</small> – Samoa, French Polynesia (Society Is., Tuamotu Arch.), Pitcairn Is. (Henderson Is.)
• T. cairoense <small>Wunderlich, 2011</small> – Egypt
• T. calcynatum <small>Holmberg, 1876</small> – Venezuela to Argentina
• T. caliban <small>Bellvert & Arnedo, 2021</small> – Hawaii
• T. californicum <small>Banks, 1904</small> – Canada, United States
• T. caliginosum <small>Marples, 1955</small> – Samoa
• T. cameronense <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. carinatum <small>Yin, Peng & Zhang, 2005</small> – China
• T. carpathium <small>Brignoli, 1984</small> – Greece
• T. cassinicola <small>Simon, 1907</small> – Guinea-Bissau
• T. castaneum <small>Franganillo, 1931</small> – Cuba
• T. catharina <small>Marples, 1955</small> – Samoa
• T. cavipalpus <small>(F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902)</small> – Guatemala
• T. cazieri <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Bahama Is.
• T. centrum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama
• T. ceres <small>Bellvert & Arnedo, 2021</small> – Hawaii
• T. ceylonicum <small>Dunlop & Jekel, 2009</small> – Sri Lanka
• T. chacoense <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Bolivia
• T. chakinuense <small>Wunderlich, 1995</small> – Turkmenistan
• T. chamberlini <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. charitonowi <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. charlati <small>Dierkens, 2016</small> – French Polynesia (Society Is.: Tahiti)
• T. cheimatos <small>Gertsch & Archer, 1942</small> – United States
• T. cheni <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. chenzhangfui <small>Lin & Li, 2024</small> – China
• T. chihuahua <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. chiriqui <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama
• T. choroni <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. cinctipes <small>Banks, 1898</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. cinereum <small>Thorell, 1875</small> – Switzerland and Italy to Ukraine and Turkey, Caucasus, Russia, (Europe), Iran
• T. circuitum <small>Gao & Li, 2014</small> – China
• T. circumtextum <small>Simon, 1907</small> – Guinea-Bissau
• T. climacode <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. clivalum <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. cloxum <small>Roberts, 1983</small> – Seychelles (Aldabra)
• T. clypeatellum <small>Tullgren, 1910</small> – Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
• T. cochise <small>Levi, 1963</small> – United States
• T. cochrum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. cocosense <small>Strand, 1906</small> – Costa Rica (Cocos Is.)
• T. coenosum <small>Thorell, 1887</small> – Myanmar
• T. cohni <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. coldeniae <small>Baert & Maelfait, 1986</small> – Galapagos
• T. comstocki <small>Berland, 1920</small> – Kenya
• T. confusum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885</small> – Pakistan
• T. contreras <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. convexellum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
• T. convexisternum <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. corcyraeum <small>Brignoli, 1984</small> – Greece (Corfu, Crete)
• T. costaricaense <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Costa Rica to Venezuela
• T. cowlesae <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• T. coyoacan <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. cruciferum <small>Urquhart, 1886</small> – New Zealand
• T. crucum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. cuspulatum <small>Schmidt & Krause, 1998</small> – Cape Verde
• T. cuyutlan <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Mexico
• T. cygneum <small>Gao & Li, 2014</small> – China
• T. cynicum <small>Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. cyprusense <small>Wunderlich, 2011</small> – Cyprus, Iran
• T. dafnense <small>Levy & Amitai, 1982</small> – Israel
• T. davisorum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. dayongense <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. decemmaculatum <small>Thorell, 1890</small> – Indonesia (Sumatra)
• T. decemperlatum <small>(Simon, 1889)</small> – Madagascar
• T. dedux <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904</small> – South Africa
• T. delicatum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904</small> – Zimbabwe, South Africa
• T. derhami <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Sierra Leone, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko)
• T. desertum <small>Ponomarev, 2008</small> – Kazakhstan
• T. diadematum <small>Chrysanthus, 1963</small> – New Guinea
• T. dianiphum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. differens <small>Emerton, 1882</small> – Canada, United States
• T. dilucidum <small>Simon, 1898</small> – Costa Rica to Venezuela, Caribbean
• T. dilutum <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. dividuum <small>Gertsch & Archer, 1942</small> – United States
• T. dominica <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Dominican Rep.
• T. dreisbachi <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. dubium <small>Bradley, 1877</small> – New Guinea
• T. dukouense <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. dulcineum <small>Gertsch & Archer, 1942</small> – United States
• T. durbanicum <small>Lawrence, 1947</small> – South Africa
• T. ecuadorense <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Ecuador
• T. electum <small>(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896)</small> – Mexico
• T. elegantissimum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Taiwan
• T. elevatum <small>Thorell, 1881</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. elisabethae <small>Roewer, 1951</small> – Mexico
• T. elli <small>Sedgwick, 1974</small> – Chile
• T. ellicottense <small>Dobyns & Bond, 1996</small> – United States
• T. emertoni <small>Berland, 1920</small> – Kenya
• T. epiense <small>Berland, 1938</small> – Vanuatu
• T. eremum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. eugeni <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Equatorial Guinea (Bioko)
• T. evexum <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Mexico, Caribbean to Brazil
• T. excavatum <small>F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902</small> – Guatemala
• T. exlineae <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Ecuador, Peru
• T. expallidatum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885</small> – Pakistan, India
• T. falcatum <small>Gao & Li, 2014</small> – China
• T. familiare <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871</small> – Europe, Caucasus, China
• T. fastosum <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Ecuador, Peru
• T. fatuhivaense <small>Berland, 1933</small> – Marquesas Is.
• T. femorale <small>Thorell, 1881</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. femoratissimum <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. ferdinand <small>Bellvert & Arnedo, 2021</small> – Hawaii
• T. fernandense <small>Simon, 1907</small> – Equatorial Guinea (Bioko)
• T. filum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. flabelliferum <small>Urquhart, 1887</small> – New Zealand
• T. flavonotatum <small>Becker, 1879</small> – United States, Cuba, Turks & Caicos
• T. flavoornatum <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. fornicatum <small>Simon, 1884</small> – Sudan
• T. frio <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. frizzellorum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
• T. frondeum <small>Hentz, 1850</small> – Canada, United States, Bahamas
• T. fruticum <small>Simon, 1890</small> – Yemen
• T. furfuraceum <small>Simon, 1914</small> – France, Algeria, Syria
• T. fuscodecoratum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. fuscomaculatum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. gabardi <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Sri Lanka
• T. galerum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama
• T. gekkonicum <small>Levy & Amitai, 1982</small> – Israel
• T. geminipunctum <small>Chamberlin, 1924</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. genistae <small>Simon, 1873</small> – Mediterranean
• T. gertschi <small>Levi, 1959</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. gibbum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. giraulti <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. glaciale <small>Caporiacco, 1934</small> – Pakistan (Karakorum)
• T. glaucescens <small>Becker, 1879</small> – Canada, United States
• T. glaucinum <small>Simon, 1881</small> – Spain, France, Albania
• T. goodnightorum <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. gracilipes <small>Urquhart, 1889</small> – New Zealand
• T. grallator <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. gramineum <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. grammatophorum <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. grandiosum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. grecia <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico to Venezuela
• T. gyirongense <small>Hu & Li, 1987</small> – China
• T. hainanense <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China (Hainan)
• T. haleakalense <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. hannoniae <small>, 1945</small> – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Madeira, Canary Islands
• T. harmsi <small>Wunderlich, 2011</small> – Portugal, Spain, France
• T. hartmeyeri <small>Simon, 1908</small> – Australia (Western Australia)
• T. hassleri <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Hispaniola
• T. hebridisianum <small>Berland, 1938</small> – Vanuatu
• T. helena <small>Wunderlich, 2011</small> – Greece, Cyprus, Turkey
• T. helophorum <small>Thorell, 1895</small> – Indonesia (Java)
• T. hemerobium <small>Simon, 1914</small> – Canada, United States, Europe, Turkey, Israel, Iran
• T. hermonense <small>Levy, 1991</small> – Tunisia, Israel, Iran
• T. hewitti <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Ethiopia
• T. hidalgo <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. hierichonticum <small>Levy & Amitai, 1982</small> – Israel
• T. hispidum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898</small> – Mexico, Caribbean to Paraguay
• T. histrionicum <small>Thorell, 1875</small> – Italy
• T. hondurense <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Honduras
• T. hopkinsi <small>Berland, 1929</small> – Samoa
• T. hotanense <small>Zhu & Zhou, 1993</small> – Iran, India, China
• T. huanuco <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. hufengense <small>Tang, Yin & Peng, 2005</small> – China
• T. humboldti <small>Levi, 1967</small> – Peru
• T. hummeli <small>Schenkel, 1936</small> – China
• T. hupingense <small>Yin, 2012</small> – China
• T. idiotypum <small>Rainbow, 1917</small> – Australia (South Australia)
• T. illecebrosum <small>Simon, 1886</small> – Senegal
• T. impegrum <small>Keyserling, 1886</small> – Brazil
• T. impressithorax <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Philippines
• T. incanescens <small>Simon, 1890</small> – Egypt, Yemen
• T. incertissimum <small>(Caporiacco, 1954)</small> – French Guiana, Brazil
• T. incertum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885</small> – Pakistan
• T. incomtum <small>(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896)</small> – Guatemala
• T. inconspicuum <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. innocuum <small>Thorell, 1875</small> – Ukraine, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Iran, Kazakhstan, China
• T. inquinatum <small>Thorell, 1878</small> – Myanmar, Singapore, Indonesia (Ambon)
• T. insignitarse <small>Simon, 1907</small> – Gabon
• T. intritum <small>(Bishop & Crosby, 1926)</small> – United States
• T. iramon <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Colombia, Ecuador
• T. irrugatum <small>Gao & Li, 2014</small> – China
• T. ischagosum <small>Barrion & Litsinger, 1995</small> – Philippines
• T. isorium <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. istokpoga <small>Levi, 1957</small> – USA to Panama
• T. italiense <small>Wunderlich, 1995</small> – Italy, North Macedonia, Romania
• T. jordanense <small>Levy & Amitai, 1982</small> – Egypt, Israel, Syria
• T. juno <small>Bellvert & Arnedo, 2021</small> – Hawaii
• T. kambalum <small>Barrion & Litsinger, 1995</small> – Philippines
• T. karamayense <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. kauaiense <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. kawea <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. kibonotense <small>Tullgren, 1910</small> – Tanzania
• T. kiliani <small>Müller & Heimer, 1990</small> – Colombia
• T. kobrooricum <small>Strand, 1911</small> – Indonesia (Aru Is.)
• T. kochi <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Samoa
• T. kraussi <small>Marples, 1957</small> – Fiji
• T. lacticolor <small>Berland, 1920</small> – Kenya, Yemen, Madagascar
• T. laevigatum <small>Blackwall, 1870</small> – Italy
• T. lago <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Ecuador
• T. lanceatum <small>Zhang & Zhu, 2007</small> – China
• T. lapidicola <small>Kulczyński, 1887</small> – Italy
• T. latisternum <small>Caporiacco, 1934</small> – Pakistan
• T. lawrencei <small>Gertsch & Archer, 1942</small> – Canada, United States
• T. leechi <small>Gertsch & Archer, 1942</small> – Canada, United States
• T. leguiai <small>Chamberlin, 1916</small> – Colombia, Peru
• T. leones <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. leucophaeum <small>Simon, 1905</small> – India
• T. leve <small>Blackwall, 1877</small> – Seychelles
• T. leviorum <small>Gertsch & Riechert, 1976</small> – United States
• T. liaoyuanense <small>(Zhu & Yu, 1982)</small> – China
• T. limatum <small>Tullgren, 1910</small> – Tanzania
• T. limitatum <small>L. Koch, 1872</small> – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
• T. linaresense <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Chile
• T. linzhiense <small>Hu, 2001</small> – China
• T. llano <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• T. logan <small>Levi & Patrick, 2013</small> – United States
• T. lomirae <small>Roewer, 1938</small> – New Guinea
• T. longicrure <small>Marples, 1956</small> – New Zealand
• T. longiductum <small>Liu & Peng, 2012</small> – China
• T. longihirsutum <small>Strand, 1907</small> – China
• T. longioembolia <small>Liu & Peng, 2012</small> – China
• T. longipalpum <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China, Korea
• T. longipedatum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Colombia
• T. longipili <small>Seo, 2004</small> – Korea
• T. ludekingi <small>Thorell, 1890</small> – Indonesia (Java)
• T. ludius <small>Simon, 1880</small> – Malaysia to Australia, New Caledonia
• T. lumabani <small>Barrion & Litsinger, 1995</small> – Philippines
• T. luteitarse <small>Schmidt & Krause, 1995</small> – Cape Verde
• T. macei <small>Simon, 1895</small> – DR Congo (region)
• T. machu <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. macropora <small>Tang, Yin & Peng, 2006</small> – China
• T. macuchi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Ecuador
• T. maculiferum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Tanzania (Zanzibar)
• T. magdalenense <small>Müller & Heimer, 1990</small> – Colombia
• T. maindroni <small>Simon, 1905</small> – India
• T. makotoi <small>Yoshida, 2009</small> – Japan
• T. malagaense <small>Wunderlich, 2011</small> – Spain, Italy (Sardinia)
• T. manjithar <small>Tikader, 1970</small> – India
• T. manonoense <small>Marples, 1955</small> – Samoa
• T. maranum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. maron <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Paraguay
• T. martini <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. mataafa <small>Marples, 1955</small> – Samoa
• T. mauense <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. mauiense <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. mehlum <small>Roberts, 1983</small> – Seychelles (Aldabra)
• T. melanoplax <small>Schmidt & Krause, 1996</small> – Canary Islands
• T. melanoprorum <small>Thorell, 1895</small> – Myanmar
• T. m. orientale <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. melanostictum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876</small> – Macaronesia, Mediterranean to Egypt, India, Central Asia, China, Japan. Introduced to Canada, United States, Panama, Galapagos, Poland, St. Helena, Society Is.
• T. melanurum <small>Hahn, 1831</small> – Macaronesia, North Africa, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia), Middle East. Introduced to Canada, United States
• T. melinum <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. mendozae <small>Berland, 1933</small> – Marquesas Is.
• T. meneghettii <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. metabolum <small>Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936</small> – Panama
• T. metator <small>Simon, 1907</small> – Guinea-Bissau
• T. michelbacheri <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• T. micheneri <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Panama
• T. minutissimum <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Panama, Peru
• T. minutulum <small>Thorell, 1895</small> – Myanmar
• T. miranda <small>Bellvert & Arnedo, 2021</small> – Hawaii
• T. miserum <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. modestum <small>(Simon, 1894)</small> – Sri Lanka
• T. modonatum <small>Wunderlich, 2023</small> – Portugal
• T. molliculum <small>Thorell, 1899</small> – Cameroon
• T. mollissimum <small>L. Koch, 1872</small> – Australia, Samoa
• T. monzonense <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. mortuale <small>Simon, 1908</small> – Australia (Western Australia)
• T. morulum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. mucidum <small>Gao & Li, 2014</small> – China
• T. murarium <small>Emerton, 1882</small> – Canda, United States, Mexico
• T. musivivoides <small>Schmidt & Krause, 1995</small> – Cape Verde
• T. musivivum <small>Schmidt, 1956</small> – Azores, Canary Islands, Madeira
• T. myersi <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States, Mexico, Jamaica. Introduced to Galapagos
• T. mystaceum <small>L. Koch, 1870</small> – Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), China
• T. mysteriosum <small>Schmidt, 1971</small> – Ecuador
• T. nadleri <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Trinidad
• T. nagorum <small>Roberts, 1983</small> – Seychelles (Aldabra)
• T. nasinotum <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. nasutum <small>Wunderlich, 1995</small> – Italy (Sardinia)
• T. necijaense <small>Barrion & Litsinger, 1995</small> – Philippines
• T. negebense <small>Levy & Amitai, 1982</small> – Italy (Sicily), Israel, Spain?
• T. neomexicanum <small>Banks, 1901</small> – Canada, United States
• T. neshamini <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• T. nigriceps <small>Keyserling, 1891</small> – Brazil
• T. nigroannulatum <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Ecuador, Peru
• T. nigroplagiatum <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. nigropunctulatum <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. nigrosacculatum <small>Tullgren, 1910</small> – Tanzania
• T. nilgherinum <small>Simon, 1905</small> – India
• T. niphocosmum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. niveopunctatum <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. niveum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898</small> – Mexico
• T. nivosum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. nodiferum <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Sri Lanka
• T. nojimai <small>Yoshida, 1999</small> – China, Japan
• T. nudum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico, Panama
• T. oatesi <small>Thorell, 1895</small> – Myanmar
• T. ochreolum <small>Levy & Amitai, 1982</small> – Cyprus, Israel, Iran
• T. octoferum <small>Strand, 1909</small> – South Africa
• T. odisha <small>Prasad, Caleb, Tyagi & Kumar, 2019</small> – India
• T. odoratum <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. omiltemi <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico, Guatemala
• T. onticolum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. opolon <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. opuntia <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Mexico
• T. orgea <small>(Levi, 1967)</small> – Brazil
• T. orlando <small>(Archer, 1950)</small> – United States
• T. osprum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. oswaldocruzi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. otsospotum <small>Barrion & Litsinger, 1995</small> – Philippines
• T. palanum <small>Roberts, 1983</small> – Seychelles (Aldabra)
• T. pallasi <small>Ponomarev, 2007</small> – Russia (Europe)
• T. pallidulum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Tanzania
• T. pandani <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Vietnam
• T. panganii <small>Caporiacco, 1947</small> – Tanzania
• T. papillatum <small>Gao & Li, 2014</small> – China
• T. paraense <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. parvulum <small>Blackwall, 1870</small> – Italy (Sicily)
• T. parvum <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Peru
• T. patrizii <small>Caporiacco, 1933</small> – Libya
• T. pelaezi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Mexico
• T. pennsylvanicum <small>Emerton, 1913</small> – Canada, United States
• T. perkinsi <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. pernambucum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. perpusillum <small>Simon, 1886</small> – Malaysia
• T. petraeum <small>L. Koch, 1872</small> – North America, Europe, Morocco, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan
• T. petrunkevitchi <small>Berland, 1920</small> – Kenya
• T. phaeostomum <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. pictum <small>(Walckenaer, 1802)</small> – North America, Europe, North Africa, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Turkemenistan, China, Japan. Introduced to South Africa (type species)
• T. pierre <small>Levi & Patrick, 2013</small> – United States
• T. pigrum <small>Keyserling, 1886</small> – Brazil
• T. pilatum <small>Urquhart, 1893</small> – Australia (Tasmania)
• T. pinastri <small>L. Koch, 1872</small> – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, China, Korea, Japan
• T. pinguiculum <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. pinicola <small>Simon, 1873</small> – Spain, France (Corsica), Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia
• T. pires <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. piriforme <small>Berland, 1938</small> – Vanuatu
• T. plaumanni <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela, Brazil
• T. plectile <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. plumipes <small>van Hasselt, 1882</small> – Indonesia (Sumatra)
• T. pluviale <small>Tullgren, 1910</small> – Tanzania
• T. poecilum <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. porphyreticum <small>Urquhart, 1889</small> – New Zealand
• T. positivum <small>Chamberlin, 1924</small> – United States, Caribbean to Paraguay
• T. posticatum <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. postmarginatum <small>Tullgren, 1910</small> – Tanzania
• T. praeclusum <small>Tullgren, 1910</small> – Tanzania
• T. praemite <small>Simon, 1907</small> – Sierra Leone
• T. praetextum <small>Simon, 1900</small> – Hawaii
• T. prominens <small>Blackwall, 1870</small> – Italy
• T. promiscuum <small>Domènech & Crespo, 2020</small> – Spain
• T. prospero <small>Bellvert & Arnedo, 2021</small> – Hawaii
• T. proximum <small>Lawrence, 1964</small> – St. Helena, South Africa
• T. puellae <small>Locket, 1980</small> – Comoros
• T. pulanense <small>Hu, 2001</small> – China
• T. punctipes <small>Emerton, 1924</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. punicapunctatum <small>Urquhart, 1891</small> – New Zealand
• T. punongpalayum <small>Barrion & Litsinger, 1995</small> – Philippines
• T. purcelli <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904</small> – St. Helena, Namibia, South Africa
• T. pyramidale <small>L. Koch, 1867</small> – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
• T. pyrenaeum <small>Denis, 1945</small> – Spain, France, Andorra
• T. quadratum <small>(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882)</small> – Sri Lanka, Indonesia (Sumatra)
• T. quadrilineatum <small>, 1886</small> – Madagascar
• T. quadripapulatum <small>Thorell, 1895</small> – Myanmar
• T. quadripartitum <small>Keyserling, 1891</small> – Brazil
• T. rabuni <small>Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944</small> – Canada, United States, Bahamas
• T. rafflesi <small>Simon, 1899</small> – Indonesia (Sumatra)
• T. rampum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru, Venezuela
• T. ravum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. reinhardti <small>Charitonov, 1946</small> – Uzbekistan
• T. resum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama
• T. retreatense <small>Strand, 1909</small> – South Africa
• T. retrocitum <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. rhodonotum <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. ricense <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Puerto Rico
• T. rossi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. rostriferum <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Gabon
• T. rothi <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. rubiginosum <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Brazil
• T. rubrum <small>(Keyserling, 1886)</small> – Brazil
• T. rurrenabaque <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Bolivia
• T. ruwenzoricola <small>Strand, 1913</small> – DR Congo
• T. saanichum <small>Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947</small> – Alaska, Canada, United States
• T. sabinjonis <small>Strand, 1913</small> – DR Congo, Uganda, Rwanda
• T. samoense <small>Berland, 1929</small> – Samoa
• T. sanctum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. sardis <small>Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944</small> – United States
• T. saropus <small>Thorell, 1887</small> – Myanmar
• T. schlingeri <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. schrammeli <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Mexico
• T. semitinctum <small>Simon, 1914</small> – Spain (mainland, Balearic Is.), France, Italy
• T. senckenbergi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. septempunctatum <small>Berland, 1933</small> – Marquesas Is.
• T. sertatum <small>Simon, 1909</small> – Vietnam
• T. setiferum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Myanmar
• T. setosum <small>L. Koch, 1872</small> – Australia (Queensland), Vanuatu, Samoa, New Caledonia
• T. setum <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. sibiricum <small>Marusik, 1988</small> – Russia (Urals to Far East), Kazakhstan, Mongolia
• T. sinaloa <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Mexico
• T. soaresi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil, Paraguay
• T. societatis <small>Berland, 1934</small> – French Polynesia (Society Is.: Tahiti)
• T. spinigerum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. spinitarse <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876</small> – North Africa, Saudi Arabia, Yemen
• T. spinosissimum <small>Caporiacco, 1934</small> – India (Karakorum)
• T. squalidum <small>Urquhart, 1886</small> – New Zealand
• T. squamosum <small>Gao & Li, 2014</small> – China
• T. stamotum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. stannardi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Mexico
• T. strepitus <small>Peck & Shear, 1987</small> – Galapagos
• T. striatum <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Brazil
• T. styligerum <small>F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902</small> – Mexico, Guatemala
• T. subitum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885</small> – Pakistan
• T. submirabile <small>Zhu & Song, 1993</small> – China, Korea
• T. submissum <small>Gertsch & Davis, 1936</small> – United States, Mexico, Bahama Is. Jamaica
• T. subpingue <small>Simon, 1908</small> – Australia (Western Australia)
• T. subplaumanni <small>Liu & Peng, 2012</small> – China
• T. subradiatum <small>Simon, 1901</small> – Singapore
• T. subrotundum <small>Keyserling, 1891</small> – Brazil
• T. subundatum <small>Zhou, Irfan & Peng, 2024</small> – China
• T. subvittatum <small>Simon, 1889</small> – India
• T. sulawesiense <small>Marusik & Penney, 2004</small> – Indonesia (Sulawesi)
• T. swarczewskii <small>Werjbitzky, 1902</small> – Azerbaijan
• T. sycorax <small>Bellvert & Arnedo, 2021</small> – Hawaii
• T. t-notatum <small>Thorell, 1895</small> – Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore
• T. taegense <small>Paik, 1996</small> – Korea
• T. tahitiae <small>Berland, 1934</small> – Tahiti
• T. tamerlani <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Myanmar
• T. tayrona <small>Müller & Heimer, 1990</small> – Colombia
• T. tebanum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Venezuela
• T. teliferum <small>Simon, 1895</small> – Sri Lanka
• T. tenellum <small>C. L. Koch, 1841</small> – Greece
• T. tengchongense <small>Liu & Peng, 2012</small> – China
• T. tenuissimum <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. teresae <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Trinidad, Brazil
• T. teroshriensis <small>Biswas, 2025</small> – Bangladesh
• T. tessellatum <small>Thorell, 1899</small> – Cameroon
• T. teutanoides <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. thalia <small>Workman, 1878</small> – Myanmar
• T. theridioides <small>(Keyserling, 1890)</small> – China, Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
• T. thorelli <small>L. Koch, 1865</small> – Australia (New South Wales)
• T. timpanogos <small>Levi, 1957</small> – United States
• T. tinctorium <small>Keyserling, 1891</small> – Brazil
• T. todinum <small>Simon, 1880</small> – New Caledonia
• T. topo <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Ecuador
• T. torosum <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Peru
• T. trahax <small>Blackwall, 1866</small> – south-east equatorial Africa
• T. transgressum <small>Petrunkevitch, 1911</small> – United States, Mexico
• T. trepidum <small>O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898</small> – Mexico to Panama
• T. trifile <small>Simon, 1907</small> – Sierra Leone, Kenya, Tanzania
• T. trigonicum <small>Thorell, 1890</small> – Indonesia (Sumatra, Java)
• T. tristani <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Costa Rica
• T. triviale <small>Thorell, 1881</small> – Australia
• T. trizonatum <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. tubicola <small>Doleschall, 1859</small> – Indonesia (Java, Moluccas), New Guinea
• T. turanicum <small>Charitonov, 1946</small> – Uzbekistan
• T. turrialba <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Costa Rica
• T. uber <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Brazil
• T. uhligi <small>Martin, 1974</small> – France to Russia (Europe)
• T. umbilicus <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. uncatum <small>F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902</small> – Mexico
• T. undatum <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. undulanotum <small>Roewer, 1942</small> – Vanuatu
• T. urnigerum <small>Thorell, 1898</small> – Myanmar
• T. ursoi <small>Caporiacco, 1947</small> – Ethiopia
• T. urucum <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Brazil
• T. usitum <small>Strand, 1913</small> – DR Congo
• T. utcuyacu <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. valleculum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama
• T. vallisalinarum <small>Levy & Amitai, 1982</small> – Israel
• T. vanhoeffeni <small>Strand, 1909</small> – South Africa
• T. varians <small>Hahn, 1833</small> – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran, Central Asia, China. Introduced to Canada, United States
• T. v. cyrenaicum <small>Caporiacco, 1933</small> – Libya
• T. v. rusticum <small>Simon, 1873</small> – France, Italy
• T. ventricosum <small>Rainbow, 1916</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. vespertinum <small>Levy, 1985</small> – Israel
• T. viridanum <small>Urquhart, 1887</small> – New Zealand
• T. volubile <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Galapagos
• T. vosseleri <small>Strand, 1907</small> – Tanzania
• T. vossioni <small>Simon, 1884</small> – Sudan
• T. vulvum <small>Levi, 1959</small> – Panama
• T. weberi <small>Thorell, 1893</small> – Singapore
• T. weyrauchi <small>Levi, 1963</small> – Peru
• T. whitcombi <small>Sedgwick, 1974</small> – Chile
• T. wiehlei <small>Schenkel, 1938</small> – Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan
• T. workmani <small>Thorell, 1887</small> – Myanmar
• T. xanthostichum <small>(Rainbow, 1916)</small> – Australia (Queensland)
• T. yani <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. yuma <small>Levi, 1963</small> – United States
• T. yunnanense <small>Schenkel, 1963</small> – China
• T. zantholabio <small>Urquhart, 1886</small> – New Zealand
• T. zebra <small>Caporiacco, 1949</small> – Kenya
• T. zekharya <small>Levy, 2007</small> – Israel
• T. zhangmuense <small>Hu, 2001</small> – China
• T. zhaoi <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. zhoui <small>Zhu, 1998</small> – China
• T. zonarium <small>Keyserling, 1884</small> – Peru
• T. zonulatum <small>Thorell, 1890</small> – India, China, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo)

References

External links

• Society-focused spiders live and hunt together - NewScientist.com