Currently, there are three defined types of public roads in the Republic of Moldova:
In total, Moldova has a total length of of road. From those, are national roads and are local roads. The general maximum speed limit on public roads is , while a speed limit of is imposed inside localities.
Its current road network is inherited from the former Soviet Union (the Moldavian SSR).
Moldova is the only country which requires use of vignettes (roviniete) on all public roads, inside and outside localities, as a form of road tolling for all non-Moldovan vehicles. Vignettes are available for purchase at border crossing points, with 2023 prices from â¬4 for a week up to â¬180 for a year. Drivers caught without a valid vignette are charged with cash fines starting from MDL 5,000 (â¬231).
As of 2021, there are no segments of motorway () that are officially open. The first motorway-class road in Moldova is planned to be the ChiÃÂinÃÂu - CimiÃÂlia motorway, which is to be assigned "M3". Works on what could be the first motorway began in the 80s (under Soviet rule), but began to slow down after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, stopping in 1996 with the ChiÃÂinÃÂu - Porumbrei segment () open only on one carriageway. Works on what could eventually become the first motorway in Moldova resumed in 2019.
Thus, it can be said that Moldova has de facto of motorway in service, but de jure the ChiÃÂinÃÂu - Porumbrei segment does not count as a motorway, with plans calling for the ChiÃÂinÃÂu - CimiÃÂlia road to receive motorway status only after works are finished.
In 2018, a second motorway route in Moldova (Ungheni - ChiÃÂinÃÂu - border with Ukraine toward Odesa) was proposed as a continuation of Romania's A8 motorway to the east ( long), and thus of the future motorway corridor IaÃÂiâÂÂCluj-NapocaâÂÂBudapestâÂÂViennaâÂÂMunich. In 2021, it had been proposed by the IDEP that the motorway segment between ChiÃÂinÃÂu and the Romanian border become a "national priority" for Moldova.
National roads in Moldova are divided into two categories: magistral roads () and republican roads (). Magistral roads mainly serve as connections to road networks of neighboring countries, those of Romania and Ukraine. Republican roads serve as connections between places in Moldova, but may also reach the border. All magistral roads start or pass through the capital city of ChiÃÂinÃÂu, with the exception of the M4.
The M1 crosses Moldova on the west - east reference, linking the border with Ukraine at DubÃÂu to the Romanian border at LeuÃÂeni, HînceÃÂti towards Bucharest and further Romanian cities, also passing through ChiÃÂinÃÂu and DubÃÂsari.
With a total length of , modern-day M1 comprises between the Romanian border and ChiÃÂinÃÂu, to which are added of the former M21 highway towards the Ukrainian border, M21 having been merged into the M1.
The M2 is one of the magistral roads that link ChiÃÂinÃÂu to the border with Ukraine. The road, which is long, passes through Orhei and Soroca before reaching the border at CosÃÂuÃÂi. There's currently no bridge over the Dniester river in the area, with this gap covered by a ferry. Work on building a 1,400m dual carriageway bridge is scheduled for 2025.
The M3 serves as a connection between ChiÃÂinÃÂu and the MoldovaâÂÂRomania border; this time towards the proposed Lower Danube metropolitan area (which includes the Romanian cities of GalaÃÂi and BrÃÂila) via the autonomous territory of Gagauzia. The main cities crossed by the road include CimiÃÂlia, Comrat and VulcÃÂneÃÂti, ending near the tripoint of Moldova and its two surrounding countries at GiurgiuleÃÂti. It is long.
Future plans call for the ChiÃÂinÃÂu - CimiÃÂlia section to become a motorway-class road, the first motorway in Moldova.
The M4 is the only road that doesn't start or pass through ChiÃÂinÃÂu and of which all segments are in the control of the Transnistrian government. The road forms the backbone of the Transnistrian road network as it links all the main cities located in the territory: Tiraspol, DubÃÂsari and RîbniÃÂa, with its northern terminus at the border with Ukraine. It is long.
The M5 (M14 CIS) is the longest Moldovan road, at , crossing Moldova on the north - south reference. It passes through the three most populous Moldovan cities (ChiÃÂinÃÂu, BÃÂlÃÂi and Tiraspol), as well as EdineÃÂ.
The designation "M14" dates back to the era of the Soviet Union. The Soviet M14 highway served as a link between the present-day border with Poland at Brest (Byelorussian SSR) and the city of Odesa (Ukrainian SSR) on the Black Sea coast. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the designation of the former M14 was retained on the Moldovan section, while the sections in Ukraine and Belarus have gotten new designations. It was later renamed to M5.
In Moldova, local roads mainly serve as links between district administrative centers and villages/communes located in the specific district, as well as between one village/commune and another. They are maintained by the appropriate local authorities depending on their location, previously being maintained by the national state-owned company AdministraÃÂia de Stat a Drumurilor (ASD) until 2017. Since then, the ASD solely maintains national roads, with the exception of those located in Transnistria.
European routes (E-roads) passing through the Republic of Moldova:
As an autonomous territory with limited recognition as an independent state, the authorities of Transnistria, which is internationally recognized as part of Moldova, have complete control of all road segments that pass through the breakaway territory. The M4 highway, which crosses Transnistria on the northâÂÂsouth reference, is in complete control of Transnistria, as well as parts of M1 and M5, and many segments of republican and local roads. The complete length of the Transnistrian road network totals .