Ratnasambhava (, lit. "Jewel-Born") is one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas (or "Five Meditation Buddhas") of Mahayana and Vajrayana or Tantric Buddhism. Ratnasambhava's mandalas and mantras focus on developing equanimity and equality and, in Vajrayana Buddhist thought is associated with the attempt to destroy greed and pride. His consort is Mamaki and his mount is a horse or a pair of lions.
The first documented mention of Ratnasambhava is found in the Suvará¹ÂaprabhÃÂsa Sà «tra and in the GuhyasamÃÂja Tantra (4th Century CE), and he subsequently appears in a number of Vajrayana texts. The most elaborate account of him is to be found in the Pañcakara section of the Advayavajrasaá¹Âgraha.
In the à Âà «raá¹ gama mantra (Chinese: æ¥Âå´åÂÂ; pinyin: Léngyán Zhòu) taught in the à Âà «raá¹ gama sutra (Chinese: æ¥Âå´ç¶Â; pinyin: Léngyán Jëng), an especially influential dharani in the Chinese Chan tradition, Ratnasambhava is mentioned to be the host of the Jewel-creating Division in the South, one of the five major divisions which controls the vast demon armies of the five directions.
Ratnasambhava is also mentioned as one of the Buddhas worthy of praise in the Ká¹£itigarbha Bodhisattva Pà «rvapraá¹ÂidhÃÂna Sà «tra, chapter 9:
Ratnasaá¹Âbhava is associated with the skandha of feeling or sensation and its relationship with consciousness. His activity in promoting Buddhism is enriching and increasing knowledge of Dharma. Ratnasambhava is associated with the jewel symbol, which corresponds with his family, Ratna or jewel. In artwork he is shown in the mudra of giving.
He is usually coloured yellow or gold. He is associated with the element earth, the heavenly quarter of the south and the season of spring. His cardinal direction is the south. His Buddha field is known as à Ârimat.
In the Bardo Thodol, he is depicted in union with Mamaki and attended by the male bodhisattvas ÃÂkÃÂÃ Âagarbha and Samantabhadra and the female bodhisattvas Mala and Dhupa.
In Tibet, Vaià Âravaá¹Âa, also known as Jambhala and Kubera, is considered a worldly dharmapÃÂla, and is often depicted as a member of the retinue of Ratnasambhava.
His wrathful manifestation is the Wisdom King Kuá¹Âá¸Âali.