OneÃÂti (; ), formerly known as Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, is a city in BacÃÂu County, Romania, with a population of 34,005 inhabitants as of 2021. It is situated in the historical region of Moldavia.
Administratively, the villages of Slobozia and BorzeÃÂti form part of OneÃÂti.
The locality was documentary attested as a village on 14 December 1458. In 1952, the communist authorities decided to build a large petrochemical industrial platform (BorzeÃÂti Petrochemical Plant) and a new related city in the area of OneÃÂti and BorzeÃÂti villages. BorzeÃÂti, according to legend, was the birthplace of Stephen III of Moldavia. It is the site of the BorzeÃÂti Church, which was built on his orders in 1493âÂÂ1494.
At the death of the Communist leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej in March 1965, OneÃÂti was renamed Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, but the name was changed back in 1990 shortly after the Romanian Revolution.
Above the borough Malu, on the right-hand side of the river CaÃÂin, were discovered archaeological fragments from a settlement dating from the Neolithic Age.
At the 2011 census, OneÃÂti had 39,172 inhabitants, of which 90.29% were Romanians, 1.39% Roma, 0.53% Hungarians, and 0.13% Greeks.
According to the 2021 census, the population of the municipality of OneÃÂti amounts to 34,005 inhabitants, a decrease compared to the previous census in 2011, when 39,172 inhabitants were recorded. The majority of the residents are Romanian (79.75%), while for 19.77%, their ethnic affiliation is unknown. From a confessional point of view, the majority of inhabitants are Orthodox (69.43%), with a Roman Catholic minority (7.87%), and for 20.69%, their confessional affiliation is unknown.
BorzeÃÂti is a neighborhood in the southeast of OneÃÂti, under separate administration until 1968. The BorzeÃÂti Petrochemical Plant is located there.
OneÃÂti is located in the TazlÃÂu-CaÃÂin Depression of the Eastern Carpathians at an average altitude of . It lies at the confluence of the rivers TrotuÃÂ, CaÃÂin, Oituz, and TazlÃÂu, some southwest of the county capital, BacÃÂu. The city is crossed by the European road E574 and by the national roads DN11A and DN12A that connect it to Bucharest, to the northern part of the country, and to Transylvania. Rail connections are made through the CÃÂile Ferate Române network, and the proposed A13 BraÃÂovâÂÂBacÃÂu Motorway will link the city to the rest of Romania's highway network as a second connection to the country's major cities.
The climate of OneÃÂti is temperate-continental, with temperatures ranging from -25ðC (though in recent decades this value is rarely recorded) in winter to +35ðC in summer, with an average annual temperature of 9.2ðC, and annual precipitation totaling 654 mm. The most frequent winds blow from the west and south-west. The vegetation is specific to the temperate-continental zone: conifers, deciduous trees, and climbing plants, as well as rare plants found in the Perchiu reserve (SCI site), a protected natural area included in the site of community importance - Dealul Perchiu.
The highest recorded temperature was +38.8ðC on 14 July 2024, and the lowest was -29.6ðC on 25 January 1942.
Saint Nicholas is the patron saint of the city, whose inhabitants are predominantly Romanian Orthodox. St. Nicholas Day, 6 December, is the municipal day of OneÃÂti.
Popular tourist attractions are Perchiu Hill and the Hero Cross from atop the aforementioned hill, the Municipal History Museum, a steel monument dedicated to the Romanian national poet Mihai Eminescu, and the city park.
The municipality of OneÃÂti is administered by a mayor and a local council composed of 19 councilors. The mayor, Adrian Jilcu, from the Social Democratic Party, has been in office since 1 November 2024. Following the 2024 local elections, the local council has the following composition by political party: