Nikolay Petrovich Krasnikov (; born November 1921, Buzuluk) was active in Soviet academia as a philosopher, historian, and religious scholar.
Early life
Krasnikov graduated from high school in Leningrad in 1940. He was released from military service due to poor eyesight. During World War II, he worked as a mechanic at a repair plant. In addition, he dug trenches for anti-aircraft gunners on the Field of Mars. In 1942, he graduated from and was sent to the 12th Front Railway Park of the North Caucasian Front as a senior equipment repair technician. He served in the railway units on the Ukrainian Front. From August to September 1945 Krasnikov served in the railway units on the Transbaikal Front. He was an adjutant of the brigade commander, assistant chief of staff, komsorg (Komsomol organizer) of the battalion and assistant chief of the political department for the Komsomol. For participation in the liberation of the Taman Peninsula in the autumn of 1943 he was awarded the Medal "For Battle Merit".
In July 1944 he was awarded the Order of the Red Star for his participation in the liberation of Kerch and Sevastopol. He was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 2st class. Krasnikov has medals "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941âÂÂ1945", "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War 1941âÂÂ1945", etc.
In 1952 Krasnikov graduated from Leningrad State University, in 1961 he graduated from the . In 1961, Krasnikov earned a Candidate of Sciences degree, having defended a dissertation on the theme "Strengthening the Alliance of the Working Class and the Collective Farm Peasantry in the Struggle of the Communist Party for the Steep Rise of Agriculture (1956âÂÂ1958)".
Career
From 1961 to 1969 he was the director of the . In 1969 he moved to Moscow. From 1969 to 1991 he worked at the Institute of Scientific Atheism of the Academy of Social Sciences. In 1976, Krasnikov defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic "Socio-Ethical Views of Russian Orthodoxy: (Critical Analysis)". Krasnikov is the author of many scientific works.
Works
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëãúÃÂõÿûõýøõ ÃÂþÃÂ÷ð ÃÂðñþÃÂõóþ úûðÃÂÃÂð ø úþûÃÂ
þ÷ýþóþ úÃÂõÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂýÃÂÃÂòð ò ñþÃÂÃÂñõ ÃÂþüüÃÂýøÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúþù ÿðÃÂÃÂøø ÷ð úÃÂÃÂÃÂþù ÿþôÃÂõü ÃÂõûÃÂÃÂúþóþ ÃÂ
þ÷ÃÂùÃÂÃÂòð (1956âÂÂ1958 óó.)û (ëStrengthening the Alliance of the Working Class and the Collective Farm Peasantry in the Struggle of the Communist Party for the Steep Rise of Agriculture (1956âÂÂ1958)û): ÃÂòÃÂþÃÂõÃÂõÃÂðàôøÃÂ. ýð ÃÂþøÃÂúðýøõ ÃÂÃÂõýþù ÃÂÃÂõÿõýø úðýôøôðÃÂð øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøÃÂ
ýðÃÂú / ÃÂúðô. þñÃÂõÃÂÃÂò. ýðÃÂú ÿÃÂø æàÃÂÃÂáá. ÃÂðÃÂõôÃÂð øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøø ÃÂÃÂáá. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂ÷ô-òþ ÃÂÃÂè ø ÃÂÃÂÃÂ, 1961. - 18 ÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëãüõÃÂàñþÃÂþÃÂÃÂÃÂààÃÂõûøóøõùû (ëBe Able to Fight Religionû)/ ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, úðýô. øÃÂÃÂ. ýðÃÂú. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : [ñ. ø.], 1971. - 38 ÃÂ.; 20 ÃÂü. - (àÿþüþÃÂàûõúÃÂþÃÂÃÂ/ ÃÂ-òþ "ÃÂýðýøõ" àáäáà. ÃÂðÃÂÃÂ.-üõÃÂþô. ÃÂþòõàÿþ ÿÃÂþÿðóðýôõ ýðÃÂÃÂ. ðÃÂõø÷üð).
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂþÃÂÃÂôðÃÂÃÂÃÂòõýýÃÂù üÃÂ÷õù øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøø ÃÂõûøóøø ø ðÃÂõø÷üðû (ëState Museum of the History of Religion and Atheismû): (ÃÂðÃÂõÃÂøðûàò ÿþüþÃÂàûõúÃÂþÃÂÃÂ) / ÃÂ-òþ "ÃÂýðýøõ" ãááà. ÃÂðÃÂÃÂ.-üõÃÂþô. úðñøýõÃÂ. - ÃÂøõò : [ñ. ø.], 1963. - 20 ÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëáþÃÂøðûøÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøõ óþÃÂÃÂôðÃÂÃÂÃÂòð ø ÃÂõÃÂúþòÃÂû (ëSocialist States and the Churchû): (þñ ÃÂÃÂÃÂðýþòûõýøø ýþòÃÂÃÂ
þÃÂýþÃÂõýøù üõöôàóþÃÂÃÂôðÃÂÃÂÃÂòþü ø ÃÂõÃÂúþòÃÂàò ýõúþÃÂþÃÂÃÂÃÂ
õòÃÂþÿõùÃÂúøÃÂ
ÃÂÃÂÃÂðýðÃÂ
ýðÃÂþôýþù ôõüþúÃÂðÃÂøø) / úðýô. øÃÂÃÂ. ýðÃÂú ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò ; ÃÂ-òþ "ÃÂýðýøõ" àáäáà. ÃÂõýøýóÃÂðôÃÂúþõ þÃÂô-ýøõ. - ÃÂõýøýóÃÂðô : [ñ. ø.], 1964. - 52 ÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëæõÃÂúþòàÿÃÂøÃÂÿþÃÂðñûøòðõÃÂÃÂÃÂû (ëThe Church is Adjustingû)/ ÃÂðýô. øÃÂÃÂ. ýðÃÂú ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò ; ÃÂ-òþ "ÃÂýðýøõ àáäáà. ÃÂõýøýóÃÂ. þÃÂóðýø÷ðÃÂøÃÂ. - ÃÂõýøýóÃÂðô : [ñ. ø.], 1965. - 35 ÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂÃÂøýþòð, ÃÂðÃÂøàáøôþÃÂþòýð. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ/ ëÃÂÃÂ÷õù øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøø ÃÂõûøóøø ø ðÃÂõø÷üðû (ëMuseum of the History of Religion and Atheismû): áÿÃÂðòþÃÂýøú-ÿÃÂÃÂõòþôøÃÂõûà/ ÃÂ. á. ÃÂÃÂÃÂøýþòð, ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò ; ÃÂúðô. ýðÃÂú áááà. ÃÂ-òþ úÃÂûÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂààáäáà. ÃÂÃÂ÷õù øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøø ÃÂõûøóøø ø ðÃÂõø÷üð. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð ; ÃÂõýøýóÃÂðô : ÃÂðÃÂúð. (ÃÂõýøýóÃÂ. þÃÂô-ýøõ), 1965. - 195 ÃÂ. : øû.;
- ëÃÂþÿÃÂþÃÂàÿÃÂõþôþûõýøàÃÂõûøóøþ÷ýÃÂÃÂ
ÿõÃÂõöøÃÂúþò ò áááàû (ëQuestions of Overcoming Religious Vestiges in the USSRû): [áñþÃÂýøú ÃÂÃÂðÃÂõù] / ÃÂàáááà. ÃÂ-òþ úÃÂûÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂààáäáà. ÃÂÃÂ÷õù øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøø ÃÂõûøóøø ø ðÃÂõø÷üð ; [àõô. úþûûõóøÃÂ: ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò (þÃÂò. ÃÂõô.) ø ôÃÂ.]. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð ; ÃÂõýøýóÃÂðô : ÃÂðÃÂúð. [ÃÂõýøýóÃÂ. þÃÂô-ýøõ], 1966. - 298 ÃÂ., 1 û. ÿþÃÂÃÂÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂõýøýÃÂúøù ôõúÃÂõàþñ þÃÂôõûõýøø ÃÂõÃÂúòø þàóþÃÂÃÂôðÃÂÃÂÃÂòð ø õóþ üõöôÃÂýðÃÂþôýþõ ÷ýðÃÂõýøõû (ëLenin Decree on the Separation of the Church from the State and its International Importanceû)/ ÃÂðýô. øÃÂÃÂ. ýðÃÂú ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂõýøýóÃÂðô : [ñ. ø.], 1967. - 20 ÃÂ.; 21 ÃÂü. - (ÃÂõÃÂþôøÃÂõÃÂúþõ ÿþÃÂþñøõ ò ÿþüþÃÂàûõúÃÂþÃÂÃÂ. à50-ûõÃÂøàáþòõÃÂÃÂúþù òûðÃÂÃÂø/ ÃÂ-òþ "ÃÂýðýøõ" àáäáà. ÃÂõýøýóÃÂ. þÃÂóðýø÷ðÃÂøÃÂ).
- ëÃÂþ ÃÂÃÂðÿðü ÃÂð÷òøÃÂøàðÃÂõø÷üð ò áááàû (ëOn the Stages of the Development of Atheism in the USSRû): [áñþÃÂýøú ÃÂÃÂðÃÂõù] / ÃÂàáááà. ÃÂ-òþ úÃÂûÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂààáäáà. ÃÂÃÂ÷õù øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøø ÃÂõûøóøø ø ðÃÂõø÷üð ; [ÃÂÃÂò. ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò]. - ÃÂõýøýóÃÂðô : ÃÂðÃÂúð. ÃÂõýøýóÃÂ. þÃÂô-ýøõ, 1967. - 331 ÃÂ. : øû.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëàÿþóþýõ ÷ð òõúþü : (ÃÂÃÂÃÂðöõýøõ ÃÂþÃÂøðûÃÂýÃÂÃÂ
ÿÃÂþÃÂõÃÂÃÂþò ò ñþóþÃÂûþòÃÂúøÃÂ
ÃÂÃÂÃÂôðÃÂ
ø ÿÃÂþÿþòõôýøÃÂõÃÂúþù ôõÃÂÃÂõûÃÂýþÃÂÃÂø ÿÃÂðòþÃÂûðòýÃÂÃÂ
ÃÂòÃÂÃÂõýýþÃÂûÃÂöøÃÂõûõù)û (In Pursuit of a Century: (Reflection of Social Processes in Theological Works and the Preaching Activities of Orthodox Clergy)). - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂþûøÃÂø÷ôðÃÂ, 1968. - 160 ÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂÃÂøÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøù þñ÷þàÃÂõûøóøþ÷ýþù ûøÃÂõÃÂðÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂû (ëCritical Review of Religious Literatureû)/ ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : [ñ. ø.], 1970. - 20 ÃÂ.; 20 ÃÂü. - (ÃÂõÃÂþôøÃÂõÃÂúøù üðÃÂõÃÂøðû ò ÿþüþÃÂàûõúÃÂþÃÂÃÂ/ ÃÂþÃÂú. óþÃÂ. þÃÂóðýø÷ðÃÂøàþ-òð "ÃÂýðýøõ" àáäáà. ÃÂþÃÂú. ôþü. ýðÃÂÃÂ. ðÃÂõø÷üð).
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂþûøÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúðàø ÃÂþÃÂøðûÃÂýðàÿõÃÂõþÃÂøõýÃÂðÃÂøàÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂúþù ÿÃÂðòþÃÂûðòýþù ÃÂõÃÂúòøû (ëPolitical and Social Reorientation of the Russian Orthodox Churchû): ÃÂõÃÂþô. üðÃÂõÃÂøðû ò ÿþüþÃÂàûõúÃÂþÃÂà/ ÃÂþü. ÿþûøÃÂ. ÿÃÂþÃÂòõÃÂõýøàüþÃÂôþò. þñúþüð ÃÂÃÂáá. ÃÂþÃÂôþò. þÃÂóðýø÷ðÃÂøàþ-òð "ÃÂýðýøõ". - áðÃÂðýÃÂú : ÃÂþÃÂô. úý. ø÷ô-òþ, 1973. - 15 ÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëáþÃÂøðûÃÂýþ-ÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøõ òþ÷÷ÃÂõýøàÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂúþóþ ÿÃÂðòþÃÂûðòøà: (ÃÂÃÂøÃÂøÃÂ. ðýðûø÷)û (ëSocio-Ethical Views of Russian Orthodoxy: (Critical Analysis)û): ÃÂòÃÂþÃÂõÃÂõÃÂðàôøÃÂ. ýð ÃÂþøÃÂúðýøõ ÃÂÃÂõýþù ÃÂÃÂõÿõýø ôþúÃÂþÃÂð ÃÂøûþÃÂþÃÂÃÂúøÃÂ
ýðÃÂú. (09.00.06) / ÃÂÃÂàÿÃÂø æàÃÂÃÂáá. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : [ñ. ø.], 1976. - 52 ÃÂ.
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëáþÃÂøðûÃÂýþ-ÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøõ òþ÷÷ÃÂõýøàÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂúþóþ ÿÃÂðòþÃÂûðòøà: úÃÂøÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøù ðýðûø÷û (ëSocio-Ethical Views of Russian Orthodoxy: (Critical Analysis)û): ôøÃÂÃÂõÃÂÃÂðÃÂøà... ôþúÃÂþÃÂð ÃÂøûþÃÂþÃÂÃÂúøÃÂ
ýðÃÂú : 09.00.06. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð, 1976. - 452 ÃÂ.
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂÃÂÃÂþÃÂøÃÂ, úÃÂûÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂð ø ðÃÂõøÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúþõ òþÃÂÿøÃÂðýøõû (ëHistory, Culture and Atheist Educationû)/ ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂ. ÃÂ. áÃÂõÿøý. - ÃÂ. : þ-òþ "ÃÂýðýøõ" àáäáà, 1981. - 39 ÃÂ.; 20 ÃÂü. - (àÿþüþÃÂàûõúÃÂþÃÂÃÂ. / ÃÂ-òþ "ÃÂýðýøõ" àáäáà, ÃÂðÃÂÃÂ.-üõÃÂþô. ÃÂþòõàÿþ ÿÃÂþÿðóðýôõ ýðÃÂÃÂ. ðÃÂõø÷üð).
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂÃÂøÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøù þñ÷þàÃÂþÃÂøðûÃÂýþ-ÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúþóþ ÃÂþôõÃÂöðýøà"ÃÂÃÂÃÂýðûð ÃÂþÃÂúþòÃÂúþù ÿðÃÂÃÂøðÃÂÃÂ
øø" ÷ð 1979âÂÂ1980 óó.û (ëA Critical Review of the Socio-Ethical Content of the for 1979âÂÂ1980.û)/ ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂ. : ÃÂ. ø., 1981 (òÃÂÿ. ôðý. 1982). - 48 ÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂþÃÂðûàñõ÷ ñÃÂôÃÂÃÂõóþ : (ÃÂÃÂðòÃÂÃÂò. ÿÃÂþóÃÂõÃÂÃÂ, ðÃÂõø÷ü, ÃÂõûøóøÃÂ)û (ëMorality Without a Future: (Moral Progress, Atheism, Religion)û)/ ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂ. : ÃÂþÃÂú. ÃÂðñþÃÂøù, 1984. - 94 ÃÂ.; 20 ÃÂü. - (ÃÂõÃÂõôàþ ÃÂõûøóøø).
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂòþûÃÂÃÂøàÃÂþÃÂøðûÃÂýþ-ÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøÃÂ
òþ÷÷ÃÂõýøù ÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂúþóþ ÿÃÂðòþÃÂûðòøÃÂû (ëThe Evolution of Socio-Ethical Views of Russian Orthodoxyû): (ÃÂÃÂøÃÂøÃÂ. ðýðûø÷) / ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂ. : ÃÂýðýøõ, 1986. - 62,[2] ÃÂ.; 20 ÃÂü. - (ÃÂþòþõ ò öø÷ýø, ýðÃÂúõ, ÃÂõÃÂ
ýøúõ. ÃÂðÃÂÃÂ. ðÃÂõø÷ü;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëÃÂÃÂðòþÃÂûðòýðàÃÂÃÂøúð: ÿÃÂþÃÂûþõ ø ýðÃÂÃÂþÃÂÃÂõõû (ëOrthodox Ethics: Past and Presentû)/ ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂ. : ÃÂþûøÃÂø÷ôðÃÂ, 1981. - 96 ÃÂ.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëáþÃÂøðûÃÂýþ-ÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúøõ òþ÷÷ÃÂõýøàÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂúþóþ ÿÃÂðòþÃÂûðòøàò XX òõúõû (ëSocial and Ethical Views of Russian Orthodoxy in the XX Centuryû)/ ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂøõò : ÃÂÃÂÃÂð ÃÂú., 1988. - 177,[2] ÃÂ.; 21 ÃÂü.;
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëàÃÂÃÂÃÂúþõ ÿÃÂðòþÃÂûðòøõ : øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøÃÂ, ÃÂþòÃÂõüõýýþÃÂÃÂÃÂû (ëRussian Orthodoxy: History, Modernityû) / ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂ. : ÃÂþÃÂú. ÃÂðñþÃÂøù, 1988. - 75,[2] ÃÂ.; 17 ÃÂü. - (áõÃÂ. "ÃÂþ÷øÃÂøÃÂ").; :
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò, ÃÂøúþûðù ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþòøÃÂ. ëàÃÂÃÂÃÂúþõ ÿÃÂðòþÃÂûðòøõ, óþÃÂÃÂôðÃÂÃÂÃÂòþ ø úÃÂûÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂð : (ÃÂÃÂÃÂ. ðÃÂÿõúÃÂ)û (ëRussian Orthodoxy, State and Culture: (Historical Aspectû))/ ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýøúþò. - ÃÂ. : ÃÂýðýøõ, 1989. - 62,[1] ÃÂ.; 20 ÃÂü. - (12/1989).;
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