Mirza Muhammad al-Akhbari

Mīrzā Muḥammad al-Akhbārī, or in full, Mīrzā Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Nabī ibn ʿAbd al-Ṣāniʿ Nīshābūrī Astarābādī (, 1178–1233 AH/1764–1817 AD)), was a Shia jurist, theologian and . He has been called the last significant representative of the Akhbārī scholar in Iraq and Iran.

Works

al-Akhbārī authored most works in Arabic and some in Persian.

In print

• A'Ä«ne abbāsÄ« dar namāyesh ḥaqshenāsÄ«, also indexed as Amāli AbbāsÄ«. This book is in Farsi and was written by the order of Abbas Mirza to refute the beliefs of Jews, Christians and Magi, and to prove prophethood.
• al-Burhān fÄ« al-taklÄ«f wa al-bayān, printed in Baghdad, 1923. A polemic work, establishing the AkhbārÄ« school and rejecting the mujtahids.
• Dawā'ir al-ulÅ«m wa-jadāwil al-ruqÅ«m also known as Tuḥfat al-khāqān. Published in Qom, 1982. In this book, the author has gathered materials from various sciences in circular diagrams and tables, with a list at the beginning of the book.
• Fatḥ al-bāb ilā al-ḥaqq wa’l-á¹£awwāb, published in 1924.
• Iqāz al-nabÄ«yya, on jurisprudence, published in Egypt, 1937.
• Maṣādir al-anwār fÄ« al-ijtihād wa al-akhbār, printed in Baghdad, 1923 and in Najaf, 1924.

In manuscript

• DhakhÄ«rat al-albāb wa bughyat al-asḥāb, a book in which he presents knowledge in circles and tables, like in his Circles of Sciences.
• Ḥijr mulqam, on the history of ijtihad and twelve reasons for its rejection.
• Ḥurmat al-tanbāk wa al-qahwa, a collection of hadiths and narrations that the author cites to prove the lawfulness of using tobacco and drinking coffee.
• Tuḥfa amÄ«n or Durr thamin, answering twelve questions raised by Muḥammad Aminkhān ḤamadānÄ«.
• Tuḥfa jahānbānÄ« (Persian), in proving the Imamate of Ali and other issues in uṣūl al-dÄ«n.
• Tuhfa lārÄ«ya also known as lārÄ«ya and Mukhtaá¹£ar lārÄ«ya.
• Uṣūl dÄ«n wa furÅ«'-i ān, a treatise on the principles of faith.

References

External links

• Page at Brill’s Encyclopaedia Islamica.
• Author page at Iranica Online.

Bibliography

• Algar, H., “AḴBĀRĪ, MĪRZĀ MOḤAMMAD,” Encyclopædia Iranica, I/7, p. 716; an updated version is available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/akbari-mirza-mohammad (accessed on 26 April 2024).
• Mohammadhoseini, Kamran, and Rasul Jafarian. 2024. ‘Mysticisim and Akhbarism in the Thought of Mirza Muhammad Al-Akhbari An Investigation of Relation Between Ijtihad, Sufism, and Akhbari Movements in the First Half of the 13th Century AH.’ Religions and Mysticism 56 (2): 387–406. https://doi.org/10.22059/jrm.2024.366375.630475.
• Newman, Andrew J., The Nature of the AkhbārÄ«/UṣūlÄ« Dispute in Late á¹¢afawid Iran. Part 1: Ê¿Abdallāh al-SamāhijÄ«'s "Munyat al-MumārisÄ«n, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 55, No. 1 (1992), pp. 22–51.
• Shokri, Reza, translated by Suheyl Umar. “Al-AkhbārÄ«, MÄ«rzā Muḥammad”. In W. Madelung and F. Daftary (eds.), Encyclopaedia Islamica Online, (Brill, 2015) doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/1875-9831_isla_COM_0239