List of investigational orthostatic intolerance drugs

This is a list of investigational orthostatic intolerance drugs, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical use for the treatment of orthostatic intolerance (OI) but are not yet approved. Some examples of such conditions include orthostatic hypotension (OH), postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), and dysautonomia. These conditions have multiple different subtypes and corresponding treatments.

Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses. The format of list items is "Name (Synonyms) – Mechanism of Action – Indication [Reference]".

This list was last comprehensively updated in March 2026. It is likely to become outdated with time.

Under development

Phase 3

• Ampreloxetine (TD-9855; TD9855) – norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) – orthostatic hypotension https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800026474
• Immune globulin (Beriglobin P; Berirab P; Carimune NF; Gamma Venin P; Hizentra; human immunoglobulin G; IgNextGen 10%; IgPro10; IgPro20; IVIG 10%; Privigen; Redimune; Redimune NF; Rhesogamma P; Rhophylac; Sandoglobulin; Sandoglobulin NF; ScIG; Subcutaneous immunoglobulin; Tetagam P; Varicellon; Venimmun N; Vivaglobin) – immunoglobulin and immunostimulant – postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800013731

Phase 2

• CST-3056 (CuraAX) – α₁-adrenergic receptor agonist – orthostatic hypotension https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800075875 https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/d7245b4bc8634ba7b60f84b5f60179b7
• REGN-7544 (REGN7544) – monoclonal antibody against [atrial] natriuretic peptide receptor 1 (NPR1) – postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800074925 https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/6893e8192b474155ba43f193cd0b3eac

Phase 1

• CST-2140 – α₁-adrenergic receptor agonist – orthostatic hypotension https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/4e5b85ff1f5342faa324fbd03767b1ad

Preclinical

• POTS(Antag) – undefined mechanism of action (synthetic peptide) – postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/5bc77d3e0d8c45ee92e117e4e7443a42

Not under development

No development reported

• Rislenemdaz (AVTX-301; CERC-301; CERC301; MK-0657) – NR2B subunit-selective NMDA receptor antagonist – orthostatic hypotension https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800024703 https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/a973c4e5a8e64cb8b5b2fa0cda5dcc1e

Discontinued

• Efgartigimod alfa (ARGX-113; EFG-PH20-SC; PH20-SC; Vydura; Vygart) – antibody fragment against Neonatal Fc receptor – postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800044358

Clinically used drugs

Approved drugs

• Amezinium metilsulfate (Regulton) – non-selective adrenergic receptor agonist and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) – orthostatic hypotension https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/1f67adced076461b9913840f13aeb092
• Droxidopa (<small>L</small>-DOPS; Northera) – non-selective adrenergic receptor agonist (norepinephrine prodrug) – orthostatic hypotension https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800025748
• Midodrine (Amatine; Gudon; Gutron; Metligine; Midon; ProAmatine; ST-1085; TS-701) – α₁-adrenergic receptor agonist (desglymidodrine prodrug) – orthostatic hypotension https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800007027 https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/d33116f79272445a9aebb795c8ef2c02

Off-label drugs

• α₁-Adrenergic receptor agonists (e.g., midodrine, phenylephrine, norfenefrine)
• α₂-Adrenergic receptor agonists (e.g., clonidine, methyldopa)
• α₂-Adrenergic receptor antagonists (e.g., yohimbine)
• Beta blockers (β-adrenergic receptor antagonists) (e.g., propranolol, metoprolol, labetalol, bisoprolol)
• Desmopressin (Ddavp) – vasopressin receptor agonist
• Droxidopa (<small>L</small>-DOPS; Northera) – non-selective adrenergic receptor agonist (norepinephrine prodrug)
• Erythropoietin – erythropoietin receptor agonist
• Fludrocortisone – mineralocorticoid (mineralocorticoid receptor agonist)
• Ivabradine – hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel HCN4 blocker
• Non-selective adrenergic receptor agonists (e.g., intravenous norepinephrine) (severe and refractory cases)
• Norepinephrine and/or dopamine releasing agents and reuptake inhibitors (indirectly acting sympathomimetics and/or stimulants) (e.g., amphetamines, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, oxilofrine, methylphenidate, bupropion, atomoxetine, modafinil)
• Octreotide – somatostatin receptor agonist
• Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) – acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and parasympathomimetic

See also

• List of investigational drugs

References

External links

• AdisInsight - Springer