Hamengkubuwono

Hamengkubuwono () is the current ruling royal house of the Yogyakarta Sultanate in the Special Region of Yogyakarta of Indonesia. The reigning Sultan of Yogyakarta is the hereditary Governor of the Special Region (Act No. 13 of 2012, article 18 paragraph 1c) with terms of 5 years (article 25 paragraph 1) without bounded by periodic provision (article 25 paragraph 2), as normally applied to such public office. The current Sultan is Hamengkubuwono X.

Honorifics

As with many significant historical and respected figures in Javanese culture, the name of a ruler is usually preceded by honorifics Ã¢Â€Â“ in most cases the usage is of Sri Sultan before the name. In full titles the first Hamengkubuwono was titled:

"Ngarsadalem Sampeyandalem Hingkang Sinuhun Kangjeng Sultan Hamengkubuwono, Senopati Ing Ngalaga Ngabdurrahman Sayidin Panatagama Kalifatulah, Hingkang Jumeneng Kaping I".

Etymology

For some Javanese, the name has been interpreted as having the following components:

• Hamangku: pleased to serve the people
• Hamengku: protect the people in a just way
• Hamengkoni: ready to take responsibility of a leader
• Buwono: the Javanese universe

Such an explanation does not necessarily coincide with strict etymology of the word.

List of sultans of Yogyakarta (1755–present)

This list is of ruling dates, see specific articles for birth dates. This marriage(s) list only included the queen consorts of the monarch except for Hamengkubuwana VIII whose highest ranking wife was a crown princess consort and concubines of Hamengkubuwana IX as they're equal in rank.

|- |<big>Hamengkubuwono I</big><Br>Bendara Raden Mas Sujono<br><hr />13 February 1755<br>–<br>24 March 1792 <br>() | |Kartasura<br>6 August 1717 <hr />Son of Amangkurat IV | |Yogyakarta<br>24 March 1792 <hr />Aged | | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono II</big><br>Gusti Raden Mas Sundoro<br> <hr />2 April 1792<br>–<br>31 December 1810 <br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>7 March 1750<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono I | |Yogyakarta<br>3 January 1828 <hr />Aged |1st reign | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono III</big><br>Raden Mas Surojo<br> <hr />31 December 1810<br>–<br>28 December 1811<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>20 February 1769<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono II | |Yogyakarta<br>3 November 1814<hr />Aged |1st reign | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono II</big><br>Gusti Raden Mas Sundoro<br> <hr />28 December 1811<br>–<br>21 June 1812 <br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>7 March 1750<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono I | |Yogyakarta<br>3 January 1828 <hr />Aged |2nd reign | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono III</big><br>Raden Mas Surojo<br> <hr />28 June 1812<br>–<br>3 November 1814<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>20 February 1769<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono II | |Yogyakarta<br>3 November 1814<hr />Aged |2nd reign | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono IV</big><br>Raden Mas Ibnu Jarot<br> <hr />9 November 1814<br>–<br>6 December 1823<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>3 April 1804<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono III | |Yogyakarta<br>6 December 1823<hr />Aged | | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono V</big><br>Raden Mas Gathot Menol<br> <hr />19 December 1823<br>–<br>17 August 1826<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>20 January 1820<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono IV | |Yogyakarta<br>5 June 1855<hr />Aged |1st reign | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono II</big><br>Gusti Raden Mas Sundoro<br> <hr />17 August 1826<br>–<br>3 January 1828<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>7 March 1750<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono I | |Yogyakarta<br>3 January 1828 <hr />Aged |3rd reign | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono V</big><br>Raden Mas Gathot Menol<br> <hr />17 January 1828<br>–<br>June 5, 1855<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>20 January 1820<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono IV | |Yogyakarta<br>5 June 1855<hr />Aged |2nd reign | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono VI</big><br>Raden Mas Mustojo<br> <hr />5 July 1855<br>–<br>20 July 1877<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>10 August 1821<hr />Brother of Hamengkubuwono V | |Yogyakarta<br>20 July 1877<hr />Aged | | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono VII</big><br>Raden Mas Murtejo<br> <hr />22 December 1877<br>–<br>29 January 1921<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>4 February 1839<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono VI | |Yogyakarta<br>30 December 1921<hr />Aged | | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono VIII</big><br>Raden Mas Sujadi<br> <hr />8 February 1921<br>–<br>22 October 1939<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>3 March 1880<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono VII |<hr>41 children |Yogyakarta<br>22 October 1939<hr />Aged | | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono IX</big><br>Raden Mas Dorodjatun<br> <hr />18 March 1940<br>–<br>2 October 1988<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>12 August 1912<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono VIII |<hr>20 children |Washington, D.C.<br>2 October 1988<hr />Aged |Also served as Governor of Yogyakarta (1945–1988) and Vice President of Indonesia (1973–1978) | |- |<big>Hamengkubuwono X</big><br>Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito<br> <hr />7 March 1989<br>–<br>present<br>() | |Yogyakarta<br>2 April 1946<hr />Son of Hamengkubuwono IX |Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Hemas<br><small>(Tatiek Drajad Supriastuti)</small><hr> 5 children |Living<br />Age |Also served as Governor of Yogyakarta (1998–present) |

Timeline

Notes

References

See also

• History of Yogyakarta
• Susuhunan
• List of monarchs of Java

Further reading

• Ricklefs, M.C. (1974) Jogjakarta under Sultan Mangkubumi, 1749–1792: A history of the division of Java . London Oriental Series, vol. 30. London : Oxford University Press, (Revised Indonesian edition 2002)