, also known as , is a warrior god in Japanese mythology. Also known under the epithet Katori Daimyà Âjin () after his shrine in northern Chiba Prefecture (historical Shimà Âsa Province), Katori Jingà «, he is often revered alongside Takemikazuchi (the god of Kashima Shrine), with whom he is closely associated (his brother). He is the general of Amaterasu and regarded as a legendary ancestor of the Mononobe clan, and like Takemikazuchi is one of the tutelary deities of the Fujiwara clan.
One theory interprets the futsu (Old Japanese: putu) in Futsunushi's name as an onomatopoeic sound of a sword swinging and cutting something. A connection with the term furu ('to shake') has also been proposed.
Nushi (OJ: nusi), meaning 'master' or 'ruler', is derived from a contraction of the possessive particle no and ushi (OJ: usi), of the same meaning.
The name Iwainushi (historical orthography: ãÂÂã¯ã²ã‹ÂÂ, Ihahinushi; OJ: Ipapinusi) meanwhile is a contraction of iwai no ushi (æÂÂä¹Â大人), 'master of worship'.
A variant account of Izanagi and Izanami's begetting of various gods (kamiumi) cited in the Nihon Shoki states that when Izanagi killed the newborn fire god Kagutsuchi (whose birth caused the death of his wife Izanami), the drops of blood from his sword congealed to form the rocks by the heavenly river (天ã®å®Âæ²³, ame no yasukawa) from which Futsunushi was born. The blood which dripped from the sword's hilt ring then turned into two gods named Mikahayahi-no-Kami (çÂÂéÂÂæÂ¥ç¥Â) and Hihayahi-no-Kami (æ¨ÂéÂÂæÂ¥ç¥Â); Mikahayahi is here identified as Takemikazuchi's parent. Another variant meanwhile states that Kagutsuchi's blood spurted out and transformed into two gods named Iwasaku-no-Kami (ç£Âè£Âç¥Â) and Nesaku-no-Kami (æ ¹è£Âç¥Â). Their children, the male Iwatsutsunoo-no-Kami (ç£ÂçÂÂçÂ፴Â) and the female Iwatsutsunome-no-Kami (ç£ÂçÂÂ女ç¥Â), begat Futsunushi. This is the version followed in the main narrative of the work's second volume. Likewise the Kogo Shà «i identifies Futsunushi as the son of Iwatsutsunome.
Both Futsunushi and Takemikazuchi are closely associated with the 'transfer of the land' (kuni-yuzuri) myth cycle, which relates how the deities of Takamagahara (the 'Plain of High Heaven') sent various messengers down to earth, to Ashihara-no-Nakatsukuni (the 'Central Land of Reed-Plains,' i.e. the land of Japan), in order to demand that its inhabitants submit to their rule.
The main narrative of the second volume of the Nihon Shoki relates that after the failure of the earlier messengers, Ame-no-Hohi and Ame-no-Wakahiko, to perform their mission, the gods of heaven headed by the primordial deity Takamimusubi decide to send Futsunushi, the son of Iwatsutsuno'o and Iwatsutsunome, as their new emissary. Hearing this, the god Takemikazuchi - here identified as the son of Hihayahi - indignantly protests that he is also a stalwart warrior (masurao) like Futsunushi; the gods then agreed to assign him as Futsunushi's companion. The two then make their way to the shores of Itasa (äºÂÃ¥ÂÂç°ç¹ä¹Âå°Âæ±Â, Itasa no ohama) in the land of Izumo, demanding that the earthly deity à Ânamuchi (à Âkuninushi), the ruler of Ashihara-no-Nakatsukuni, relinquish his authority. At the counsel of his son, Kotoshironushi, à Ânamuchi agrees to cede the land and withdraws into invisibility. After this, Futsunushi and Takemikazuchi proceeded to slay all those who refused to submit to them. A variant account adds that the two finally dispatched the god of weaving, Takehazuchi-no-Mikoto (建èÂÂæ§Âå½), to subdue the last remaining rebel, the star god Kagaseo (é¦Âé¦ÂèÂÂç·). With all resistance gone, the two gods went back to heaven to report the success of their mission.
A variant account has Futsunushi and Takemikazuchi putting to death the evil deity Amatsumikaboshi (Kagaseo) in heaven first before they descend to Izumo. The account adds that it was at this time that Iwainushi-no-Kami (possibly another name for Futsunushi), the deity enshrined in Katori, received the epithet iwai no ushi, 'master of worship.' In this version, à Ânamuchi initially refuses the demand of the two envoys. After Futsunushi goes back to Takamagahara to report, Takamimusubi sends him back to à Ânamuchi, this time with promises of rewards should he comply. à Ânamuchi finally accepts their terms and appoints the god of roads and borders, the funato no kami (å²Âç¥Â) as his replacement. He then finally disappears into the unseen world. Futsunushi, with the funato no kami as his guide, then makes his way around Ashihara-no-Nakatsukuni, killing those who resisted him and rewarding those who submitted.
Two legends from Ou District (æÂÂå®Âé¡) of Izumo Province (modern Yasugi, Shimane Prefecture) recorded in the Izumo Fudoki feature Futsunushi.
The Fudoki of Hitachi Province (modern Ibaraki Prefecture) also refers to a deity named 'Futsu-no-à Âkami' (æ®é½大ç¥Â) who is often identified with Futsunushi.
The kuni-yuzuri myth featured in the Izumo no Kuni no Miyatsuko no Kanüyogoto (åºé²å½é ç¥Âè³Âè© "Congratulatory Words of the Chieftain of Izumo"), a ritual declaration (norito) delivered by the province's governor or kuni no miyatsuko at the imperial court upon his appointment, has Futsunushi being dispatched with the deity Ame-no-Hinadori-no-Mikoto (天夷鳥å½), the son of Ame-no-Oshihomimi, son of the sun goddess Amaterasu and the Izumo magnate clan's divine ancestor.
Futsunushi is absent in the Kojiki, where the envoys sent by the heavenly kami are Takemikazuchi and the bird-boat deity Ame-no-Torifune. The Kojiki<nowiki/>'s kamiumi myth identifies Takemikazuchi - here given the aliases 'Takefutsu-no-Kami' (建å¸Âé½ç¥Â) and 'Toyofutsu-no-Kami' (è±Âå¸Âé½ç¥Â) - as one of three gods born from the blood that fell from the blade of Izanagi's sword (the other two being Mikahayahi and Hihayahi), although the kuni-yuzuri portion refers to him as the son of the deified sword itself, there given the name Itsu-no-Ohabari (ä¼Âé½尾羽張).
Sobataka Shrine (å´é«Âç¥Â社) in à Âkura, Katori is reckoned as the first and most important auxiliary shrine of Katori Jingà «. Its deity, whose identity is kept secret since antiquity and thus is known merely as the 'Great Deity of Sobataka' (å´é«Â大祠Sobataka-no-à Âkami), is the subject of a legend involving the god of Katori Shrine.
The story relates that the Sobataka deity, acting under the orders of the god of Katori, raided the land of Mutsu and stole 2,000 horses from the local kami. When the god of Mutsu gave chase, the Sobataka deity drained Lake Kasumigaura using a 'tide-ebbing jewel' (å¹²ç kanju), allowing the horses to cross over to the other shore. After the horses have safely crossed, the Sobataka deity then used a 'tide-flowing jewel' (æºÂç manju), to restore the lake to normal, trapping the pursuer in an island in the middle of the lake known as Ukishima (浮島 'floating island', part of modern Inashiki, Ibaraki Prefecture).
The deity Ame-no-Naemasu-no-Mikoto (天èÂÂå å½), worshiped in Matami Shrine (Ã¥ÂÂè¦Âç¥Â社) in Katori, is considered to be Futsunushi's son. Ame-no-Naemasu is reckoned as the ancestor of the Katori clan (é¦ÂÃ¥ÂÂæ°Â), which traditionally served as priests in Katori Shrine. The Katori later assumed the name 'à Ânakatomi' (大ä¸Âè£) after a grandson of à Ânakatomi no Kiyomaro, of the influential Nakatomi (à Ânakatomi) clan, was adopted into the clan.
As the deity of Katori Jingà «, Futsunushi also serves as the deity of shrines belonging to the Katori shrine network (é¦ÂÃ¥ÂÂç¥Â社 Katori Jinja). In addition, Futsunushi is also enshrined in Kasuga Grand Shrine alongside Takemikazuchi, Ame-no-Koyane (the divine ancestor of the Nakatomi and Fujiwara clans), and Himegami, in Shiogama Shrine in Miyagi Prefecture alongside Takemikazuchi and (the kami of salt making), in Nukisaki Shrine (貫åÂÂç¥Â社 Nukisaki Jinja) in Tomioka, Gunma Prefecture alongside a goddess known only under the generic epithet 'Hime à Âkami' (æ¯Â売大ç¥Â), and as an auxiliary deity in in Chiba City. A number of other shrines throughout the country also enshrine Futsunushi in an auxiliary capacity.
Both Futsunushi and Takemikazuchi were reckoned as eminent war gods (è»Â祠ikusagami, gunjin) since antiquity. The Ryà Âjin Hishà  compiled in 1179 (the late Heian period) attest to the worship of the gods of Katori and Kashima as martial deities at the time of its compilation:
The two kami have been worshiped by many eminent swordsmen such as Iizasa Chà Âisai, the founder of Tenshin Shà Âden Katori Shintà Â-ryà «, and Tsukahara Bokuden, the founder of Kashima Shintà Â-ryà «. Indeed, Chà Âisai was reputed in legend to have developed his swordsmanship style after being taught secrets of strategy by Futsunushi in a dream. Even today, many kendo dà Âjà  in Japan enshrine either or both of these deities.
A collection of medieval legends, the Shintà Âshà «, identifies the Katori deity as a manifestation of the eleven-faced form of the bodhisattva Avalokiteà Âvara (Kannon).