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Fasciolariidae

Fasciolariidae is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea. Species in Fasciolariidae are commonly known as tulip snails and spindle snails.

The family Fasciolariidae most likely appeared about 110 million years ago during the Cretaceous period.

Distribution

The recent species inhabit tropical to temperate waters.

Description

The anatomy of Fasciolariidae and Buccinidae is very similar. Distinction is usually made on basis of differences in the radula and the stomach anatomy.

The shells are usually reddish in color and have a moderate to large size, reaching a height between 1.0 and 60 cm. The shells are spindle-shaped and biconic. The spire is elongated. The siphonal canal is well developed and is long to moderately long. The columella varies between a smooth appearance and showing spiral folds. The horny operculum has an oval shape. Their radula is characteristic with narrow central teeth with three cusps. The wide lateral teeth show numerous ctenoid (= comblike) cusps.

Snails in the family Fasciolariidae are carnivorous. They feed on other gastropods and on bivalves. Some also prey on worms and barnacles.

The snails are gonochoristic, i.e. the individuals have just one sex. The female snails deposit their eggs in horny capsules either in a single form or in clusters arranged around a hollow axis. The single forms have a flattened, disk-shaped, or vase-shaped form. The clusters are hemispherical or cylindrical. Development is usually direct. The larvae emerge from the capsules as free-swimming young or as crawling young.

Taxonomy

According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the Fasciolariidae consist of the following subfamilies:

  • Clavilithinae Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 â€Â
  • Fasciolariinae Gray, 1853
  • Fusininae Wrigley, 1927 - synonyms: Fusinae Swainson, 1840 (inv.); Cyrtulidae MacDonald, 1869; Streptochetinae Cossmann, 1901
  • Peristerniinae Tryon, 1880 - synonym: Latiridae Iredale, 1929

Genera

Genera in the family Fasciolariidae include (fossil genera are marked with a dagger):

subfamily Clavilithinae Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 â€Â
  • † Africolithes Eames, 1957
  • † Austrolithes Finlay, 1931
  • † Chiralithes Olsson, 1930
  • † Clavellofusus Grabau, 1904
  • † Clavilithes Swainson, 1840
  • † Cosmolithes Grabau, 1904
  • † Mancorus Olsson, 1931
  • † Papillina Conrad, 1855
  • † Perulithes Olsson, 1930
  • † Clavella Swainson, 1835 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † (Junior homonym of Clavella Oken, 1815. Has been renamed Clavilithes.)
  • † Rhopalithes Grabau, 1904 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † (objective synonym)
  • † Turrispira Conrad, 1866 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 â€Â
  • † Daphnobela Cossmann, 1896
  • † Euthriofusus Cossmann, 1901
subfamily Fasciolariinae
subfamily Fusininae
  • Fusus Bruguière, 1789 : synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
subfamily Peristerniinae
Subfamily ?
Genera brought into synonymy:
  • Aptyxis Troschel, 1868: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Buccinofusus Conrad, 1868: synonym of Conradconfusus Snyder, 2002 â€Â
  • Bulbifusus Conrad, 1865 †: synonym of Mazzalina Conrad, 1960 â€Â
  • Chasca Clench & Aguayo, 1941: synonym of Chascax Watson, 1873: synonym of Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899
  • Chascax Watson, 1873: synonym of Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899
  • Cinctura Hollister, 1957: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799
  • Clavella Swainson, 1835: synonym of Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 â€Â
  • Cymatium Link, 1807: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810
  • Exilifusus Gabb, 1876 †: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Fusilatirus McGinty, 1955: synonym of Dolicholatirus Bellardi, 1884
  • Fusus Bruguière, 1789: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Gracilipurpura Jousseaume, 1881 †: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Heilprinia Grabau, 1904: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Iaeranea Rafinesque, 1815: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799
  • Lagena Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Latirolagena Harris, 1897
  • Lathyrus Schinz, 1825: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810
  • Latirofusus Cossmann, 1889: synonym of Dolicholatirus Bellardi, 1884
  • Latyrus Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810
  • Propefusus Iredale, 1924: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Pseudofusus Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Pseudolatirus Cossmann, 1889 †: synonym of Streptolathyrus Cossmann, 1901 â€Â
  • Simplicifusus Kira, 1972: synonym of Granulifusus Kuroda & Habe, 1954
  • Sinistralia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Tarantinaea Monterosato, 1917: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799

References