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Elopiformes

The Elopiformes are the order of ray-finned fish including the tarpons, tenpounders, and ladyfish, as well as a number of extinct types. They have a long fossil record, easily distinguished from other fishes by the presence of an additional set of bones in the throat.

They are related to the order of eels, although the adults superficially resemble very large or giant herrings in appearance. The larvae, however, are leptocephalic, looking very similar to those of eels.

Classification

Although many fossil forms are known, the order is relatively small today, containing just two genera and nine species:

  • Order Elopiformes <small>Gosline 1960</small>
  • Genus ?†Dinelops <small>Woodward, 1907</small>
  • Family †Anaethaliidae <small>Gaudant 1968</small> [Anaethalionidae <small>Gaudant 1967</small>]
  • Genus †Daitingichthys <small>Arratia 1987</small>
  • Genus †Anaethalion <small>White 1938</small> [Aethalion <small>von Münster 1842 non Lepeletier & Serville 1828</small>]
  • Genus †Holcolepis <small>von der Marck 1868</small> [Macrolepis <small>von der Marck 1863 non Rafinesque 1815</small>; Rhabdolepis <small>von der Marck 1863 non Troschel 1857</small>; Petalolepis <small>Geints 1868</small>]
  • Suborder Elopoidei
  • Genus †Antofagastaichthys <small>Arratia 1986</small>
  • Genus †Arratiaelops <small>Taverne 1999</small>
  • Genus †Coryphaenopsis <small>Frič & Bayer 1902</small>
  • Genus †Ctenodentelops <small>Forey et al. 2003</small>
  • Genus †Echinelops <small>Murray & Hoşgör 2012</small>
  • Genus †Ectasis <small>Jordan & Gilbert 1919</small>
  • Genus †Elopidarum
  • Genus †Elopsomolos <small>Arratia 2000</small>
  • Genus †Eurygnathus <small>Agassiz 1845 non Blackburn 1888 non Davis 1887 non Wollaston 1854</small> [Esocelops <small>Woodward 1901</small>]
  • Genus †Goulmimichthys <small>Cavin 1995</small>
  • Genus †Hypsospondylus <small>Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1885</small>
  • Genus †Irenichthys <small>Jakovlev 1968</small>
  • Genus †Laminospondylus <small>Springer 1957</small>
  • Genus †Tingitanichthys <small>Taverne 1996</small>
  • Genus †Paraelops <small>Silva Santos 1971</small>
  • Genus †Ichthyemidion <small>Poyato-Ariza 1995</small>
  • Family †Protelopidae <small>de Saint Seine 1949</small>
  • Genus †Eoprotelops <small>Saint-Seine 1949</small>
  • Genus †Protelops <small>Laube 1885</small>
  • Family Elopidae <small>Bonaparte 1832/Valenciennes 1847</small> (ladyfish, tenpounders)
  • Genus †Flindersichthys <small>Longman 1932</small>
  • Genus †Histialosa <small>Gervais 1855</small>
  • Genus †Lyrolepis <small>Romanowski 1886 non Rechiger 1943</small>
  • Genus †Nardoelops <small>Taverne & Capasso 2012</small>
  • Genus †Opisthopteryx <small>Pictet & Humbert 1866</small>
  • Genus †Palelops <small>Applegate 1970</small>
  • Genus †Parasyllaemus
  • Genus †Sauropsidium <small>Costa 1850</small> [Hyptius <small>Costa 1864</small>]
  • Genus †Thrissopteroides <small>von der Marck 1873</small>
  • Genus †Davichthys <small>Forey 1973</small>
  • Genus †Naiathaelon <small>Poyato-Ariza & Wenz 1994</small>
  • Genus Elops <small>Linnaeus 1766 non Bonaparte 1831 non Commerson ex Lacépède 1801</small> [Helops <small>Müller 1835 non Brandt & Ratzeburg 1833 non Agassiz 1846 non Browne 1789</small>; Ellops <small>Minding 1832 non Gistel 1848</small>; Alloelops <small>(Nybelin 1979)</small>; Elops (Alloelops) <small>Nybelin 1979</small>; Elops (Gularus) <small>Whitley 1940</small>; Gularus <small>(Whitley 1940)</small>; Mugilomorus <small>Lacépède 1803</small>; Trichonotus <small>Rafinesque 1815 non Bloch & S Schneider 1801</small>; Harengus <small>Catesby 1771 non Geoffroy 1767 non Klein 1775 ex Walbaum 1792 non De Garsault 1764</small>] (seven species, one of which was described in 2010)
  • Family Megalopidae <small>Jordan 1882</small> (Tarpons)
  • Genus †Broweria <small>de Beaufort, 1926</small>
  • Genus †Elopoides <small>Wenz 1965</small>
  • Genus †Paratarpon <small>Bardack 1970</small>
  • Genus †Promegalops <small>Casier 1966</small>
  • Genus †Protarpon <small>Forey 1973</small>
  • Genus †Sedenhorstia <small>White & MoyThomas 1941</small> [Microcoelia <small>Marck 1863 non Guenee 1852 non Lindley 1830 non Agardh 1876</small>]
  • Genus †Starrias <small>Jordan 1925</small>
  • Genus Megalops <small>Lacépède 1803</small> [Amia <small>Browne 1756 ex Browne 1789 non Gronow 1763 ex Gray 1854 non Meuschen 1781 non Linnaeus 1766</small>; Brisbania <small>de Castelnau 1878</small>; Cyprinodon <small>Hamilton 1822 non Lacépède 1803</small>; Oculeus <small>Commerson ex Lacépède 1803</small>; Tarpon <small>Jordan & Evermann 1896</small>] (two species)

Timeline of genera

"Megalopiformes"

References

External links