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ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng [ÃÂÃÂÃÂ¤wÃÂÃÂ¨ÃÂ©:ÃÂaÃÂÃÂ§ÃÂ§] is a commune of LÃ¡ÂºÂ¡ng SÃÂ¡n province in the Northern Midlands and Mountains region of Vietnam.

History

Middle Ages

The area of ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng (Ã¥ÂÂÃ§ÂÂ») was inherently deserted. It had only Tam Thanh temple, KÃ¡Â»Â³ LÃ¡Â»Â«a market and a small fort to defend the frontier, which was built in the Later LÃÂª Dynasty about the XVI century.

ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng was once an unexpected land until the Battle of ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng occurred, which caused shock of both Guangxi and Tonkin in 1885.

20th century

In September 1940 a group of Japanese officers, in spite of an agreement signed the 22nd, attacked ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng and laid siege to Lam SÃÂ¡n, beginning the Japanese invasion of French Indochina. In March 1945 the Japanese again attacked, and it was the site of the fiercest fighting of the March coup d'ÃÂ©tat, when a company of Tonkinese Rifles and a battery of colonial artillery held off the invaders for three days before being massacred by them.

In 1979, the border township became ground for heavy engagements between Chinese and Vietnamese forces during the Sino-Vietnamese War.

21st century

At 08:13 AM on February 26, 2019, ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng Station was honored to be the first place of Vietnam to welcome North Korean leader Kim Jong Un to prepare for the summit with US President Donald Trump in Hanoi.

On April 21, 2025, after the dissolution of Cao LÃ¡Â»Âc Rural District by the Government of Vietnam, according to the Plan for arrangement of the commune-level administrative units in 2025 by the LÃ¡ÂºÂ¡ng SÃÂ¡n Provincial People's Committee, ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng Township was officially merged with four communes HÃ¡Â»Âng Phong, PhÃÂº XÃÂ¡, ThÃ¡Â»Â¥y HÃÂ¹ng, BÃ¡ÂºÂ£o LÃÂ¢m to become a new administrative unit from 0 o'clock on May 1: ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng commune (xÃÂ£ ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng).

Geography

Topography

ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng is best known as a border commune on the Vietnamese side of the main road and rail crossing to China. It is on National Route 1.

ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng station and the commune capital are several kilometres short of the Friendship Pass border crossing. It is one of three main border crossings with China, the others being MÃÂ³ng CÃÂ¡iÃ¢ÂÂDongxing, Guangxi to the East on the coast, and LaokayÃ¢ÂÂHekou, Yunnan, inland 150 km Northwest. A fourth crossing is the TrÃÂ LÃÂ©nh DistrictÃ¢ÂÂLongbang, Guangxi crossing.

Landscapes

From Middle Ages

KÃ¡Â»Â³ LÃ¡Â»Â«a market (KÃ¡Â»Â³ LÃ¡Â»Â«a thÃ¡Â»Â)
NhÃ¡Â»Â Thanh temple (NhÃ¡Â»Â Thanh quÃÂ¡n)
Tam Thanh temple (Tam Thanh quÃÂ¡n)
TÃÂ´ ThÃ¡Â»Â stone (TÃÂ´ ThÃ¡Â»Â thÃ¡ÂºÂ¡ch)

From XX century

Friendship Pass (HÃ¡Â»Â¯u NghÃ¡Â»Â quan)
ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng Fort (ÃÂÃ¡Â»Ân ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng)
HanoiÃ¢ÂÂÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng Railway (HÃÂ NÃ¡Â»Âi - ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng thiÃ¡ÂºÂ¿t lÃ¡Â»Â)
Tien YenÃ¢ÂÂLang SonÃ¢ÂÂCao Bang Expressway (TiÃÂªn YÃÂªn - LÃ¡ÂºÂ¡ng SÃÂ¡n - Cao BÃ¡ÂºÂ±ng cao tÃ¡Â»Âc lÃ¡Â»Â)

Culture

Since the ' has been published for the first time, the folk poem of the typical landscapes in ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng commune have been popular in the thought of the generations of Vietnamese people.

ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng has market KÃ¡Â»Â³ LÃ¡Â»Â«a,

Also lady TÃÂ´ ThÃ¡Â»Â and temple Tam Thanh.

[...]

ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng cÃÂ³ phÃ¡Â»Â KÃ¡Â»Â³ LÃ¡Â»Â«a,

CÃÂ³ nÃÂ ng TÃÂ´ ThÃ¡Â»Â, cÃÂ³ chÃÂ¹a Tam Thanh.

[...]

See also

BÃ¡ÂºÂ¯c SÃÂ¡n war zone

Chi LÃÂng pass

Mother mountain

Notes and references

Notes

References

Further reading

Bibliography

Vietnamese

LÃÂ½ ÃÂÃÂ´ng A, KÃÂ½ trÃÂ¬nh : NgÃÂ y giÃ¡Â»Â ÃÂÃÂ£ khÃ¡ÂºÂ©n cÃ¡ÂºÂ¥p !, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China, 1943.

LÃÂ½ ÃÂÃÂ´ng A, TuyÃÂªn ngÃÂ´n ngÃÂ y thÃÂ nh lÃ¡ÂºÂp ViÃ¡Â»Ât Duy DÃÂ¢n ÃÂÃ¡ÂºÂ£ng, Hoa-Binh, Tonkin, Indochina, 1943.

TrÃ¡ÂºÂ§n NgÃ¡Â»Âc ThÃÂªm. CÃÂ¡ sÃ¡Â»Â vÃÂn hÃÂ³a ViÃ¡Â»Ât Nam (The Foundation of Vietnamese Culture), 504 pages. Publishing by NhÃÂ xuÃ¡ÂºÂ¥t bÃ¡ÂºÂ£n ÃÂÃ¡ÂºÂ¡i hÃ¡Â»Âc TÃ¡Â»Âng hÃ¡Â»Â£p TPHCM. Saigon, Vietnam, 1995.

TrÃ¡ÂºÂ§n QuÃ¡Â»Âc VÃÂ°Ã¡Â»Â£ng, TÃÂ´ NgÃ¡Â»Âc Thanh, NguyÃ¡Â»Ân ChÃÂ BÃ¡Â»Ân, LÃÂ¢m MÃ¡Â»Â¹ Dung, TrÃ¡ÂºÂ§n ThÃÂºy Anh. CÃÂ¡ sÃ¡Â»Â vÃÂn hÃÂ³a ViÃ¡Â»Ât Nam (The Basis of Vietnamese Culture), 292 pages. Re-publishing by NhÃÂ xuÃ¡ÂºÂ¥t bÃ¡ÂºÂ£n GiÃÂ¡o DÃ¡Â»Â¥c ViÃ¡Â»Ât Nam & QuÃ¡ÂºÂ£ng Nam Printing Co-Ltd. Hanoi, Vietnam, 2006.

Masaya Shiraishi (author) & NgÃÂ´ BÃ¡ÂºÂ¯c (translator), ViÃ¡Â»Ât Nam KiÃ¡ÂºÂ¿n QuÃ¡Â»Âc QuÃÂ¢n vÃÂ cuÃ¡Â»Âc khÃ¡Â»Âi nghÃÂ©a nÃÂm 1940 (Nation-Building Army of Viet-Nam and the 1940 Revolt), December 21, 2009.

TÃ¡ÂºÂp bÃ¡ÂºÂ£n ÃÂÃ¡Â»Â hÃÂ nh chÃÂnh ViÃ¡Â»Ât Nam (Vietnamese administrative maps), NhÃÂ xuÃ¡ÂºÂ¥t bÃ¡ÂºÂ£n TÃÂ i nguyÃÂªn Ã¢ÂÂ MÃÂ´i trÃÂ°Ã¡Â»Âng vÃÂ BÃ¡ÂºÂ£n ÃÂÃ¡Â»Â ViÃ¡Â»Ât Nam, HÃÂ NÃ¡Â»Âi, 2013.

Series of ÃÂÃ¡Â»Âng ÃÂÃÂng fort in Vietnamese journal TiÃ¡Â»Ân-Phong.

English

George Coedes. The Making of South East Asia, 2nd ed. University of California Press, 1983.

Li Tana (2011). Jiaozhi (Giao ChÃ¡Â»Â) in the Han period Tongking Gulf. In Cooke, Nola; Li Tana; Anderson, James A. (eds.). The Tongking Gulf Through History. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 39Ã¢ÂÂ44. ISBN 9780812205022.

Li Tana, Towards an environmental history of the eastern Red River Delta, Vietnam, c.900Ã¢ÂÂ1400, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 2014.

Samuel Baron, Christoforo Borri, Olga Dror, Keith W. Taylor (2018). Views of Seventeenth-Century Vietnam : Christoforo Borri on Cochinchina and Samuel Baron on Tonkin. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-501-72090-1.

External links

New vitality in the border township of Langland (vi)