Monadofilosa

Monadofilosa is a grouping of Cercozoa. (It is sometimes considered one of three, the other two being Endomyxa and Reticulofilosa.) These organisms are single-celled amoeboid protists.

Classification

Monadofilosa is sometimes treated as a superclass rather than a subphylum. Monadofilosa includes the testate amoebae known as "testaceans", and the cercomonads. It is sometimes described as Testaceafilosia and Sarcomonadea. It has also been described as Sarcomonadea (Cercomonas, Heteromita, Bodomorpha, Proleptomonas, Allantion), Thecofilosea (Cryptodifflugia, Cryothecomonas), Spongomonadea (Spongomonas, Rhipidodendron), and Imbricatea (Thaumatomonas, Thaumatomastix, Allas, Gyromitus, Euglypha, Trinema, Paulinella).

The testaceans live both in marine and freshwater habitats, and in mosses. Members include Lecythium, Pseudodifflugia, Euglypha (a euglyphid), and Paulinella chromatophora.
Cercomonads are flagellates that glide on their posterior cilium and/or generate filopodia. Members of this group contain Cryothecomonas, Thaumatomonas, which is covered with siliceous scales, and Cercomonas, which is naked. Cercomonas contains several species that show exhibit amoeboid movement, such as the testate amoeba Cyphoderia, and the flagellate Cryothecomonas.

Sainouron has been grouped in Monadofilosa.

Phylogeny

Phylogeny based on Bass et al. 2009, Howe et al. 2011 and Bass et al. 2016.

Taxonomy

Infraphylum Monadofilosa Cavalier-Smith 1997 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith & Oates 2012 [Eoglissa Cavalier-Smiths 2012]
Family ?Katabiidae Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order ?Pseudodimorphida
Order Cercomonadida Poche 1913 emend. Karpov et al. 2006
Class Helkesea Cavalier-Smith 2017
Order Ventricleftida Cavalier-Smith 2011
Order Helkesida Cavalier-Smith 2017 [Sainourida]
Class Metromonadea Cavalier-Smith 2007
Order Metromonadida Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2004 emend. Cavalier-Smith & Oates 2012
Order Metopiida Cavalier-Smith 2003
Clade Glissomonadida-Pansomonadida
Order Pseudosporida Hibberd 1983 sensu Cavalier-Smith 1993
Order Dimorphida Siemensma 1991 [Endonucleoplastiales]
Order Glissomonadida Howe & Cavalier-Smith 2009 emend. Hess et al. 2013
Order Pansomonadida Vickerman 2005
Superclass Ventrifilosa Cavalier-Smith 2012
Class Thecofilosea Cavalier-Smith 2003 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2011 [Tripylea Hertwig 1879]
Order ?Hemimastigida Foissner, Blatterer & Foissner 1988
Subclass Eothecia Cavalier-Smith 2012
Family ?Botuliformidae
Order Matazida Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order Ebriida Poche [Ebriales Honigsberg 1964; Stereotestales]
Order Cryomonadida Cavalier-Smith 1993 [Cryothecomonadida]
Subclass Tectosia Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order Tectofilosida Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2003
Infraclass Phaeodaria Haeckel 1879 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2012
Order Eodarida Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order Opaloconchida Cavalier-Smith 2012
Class Silicofilosea Adl et al. 2005 emend. Adl et al. 2012 [Imbricatea Cavalier-Smith 2011]
Subclass Placoperla Cavalier-Smith 2012
Superorder Perlatia Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order Perlofilida Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order Spongomonadida Hibberd 1983 emend. Karpov 1990
Superorder Placofila Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order Zoelucasida Cavalier-Smith 2014
Order Rotosphaerida Rainer 1968
Order Thaumatomonadida Shirkina 1987
Subclass Placonuda Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order ?Discocelida Cavalier-Smith 1997
Order ?Discomonadida Cavalier-Smith 2014
Superorder Euglyphia Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order Euglyphida Copeland 1956 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1997 [Euglyphina Bovee 1985]
Superorder Nudisarca Cavalier-Smith 2012
Order Variglissida Cavalier-Smith 2014 [Clautriaviida; Nudifilida]
Order Marimonadida Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2011 [Auranticordida]

Monadofilosa

Classification

Phylogeny

Taxonomy

References

External links