Arthurtown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Richland County, South Carolina, United States. It was listed appeared as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. Its population in 2020 was 2,294.
The CDP is in western Richland County, bordered to the north, east, and west by the city of Columbia, the state capital, and to the south by the city of Cayce. South Carolina Highway 48 (Bluff Road) is the main road through Arthurtown, leading northwest to downtown Columbia and southeast to Gadsden. Interstate 77 passes just south of Arthurtown, with access from Exit 5 at SC 48.