Isotopes of yttrium

Natural yttrium (₃₉Y) is composed of the single stable isotope, ⁸⁹Y. The most stable radioisotopes are ⁸⁸Y, which has a half-life of 106.63 days, and ⁹¹Y, with a half-life of 58.51 days. All the other isotopes and isomers have half-lives of less than 15 hours, except ⁸⁷Y with 79.8 hours and ⁹⁰Y with 64.05 hours. The dominant decay mode below the stable ⁸⁹Y is electron capture to isotopes of strontium and the dominant mode after it is beta emission to isotopes of zirconium.

In total, the isotopes characterized range from ⁷⁶Y to ¹⁰⁹Y.

In products of nuclear fission, ⁹⁰Y exists in equilibrium with its parent isotope strontium-90. This isotope alone is also used in medicine; see yttrium-90.

List of isotopes

|-id=Yttrium-76 | rowspan=3|⁷⁶Y | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 37 | rowspan=3|75.95894(32)# | rowspan=3|28(9)&nbsp;ms | β⁺? | ⁷⁶Sr | rowspan=3|1−# | rowspan=3| |- | p? | ⁷⁵Sr |- | β⁺, p? | ⁷⁵Rb |-id=Yttrium-77 | rowspan=3|⁷⁷Y | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 38 | rowspan=3|76.95015(22)# | rowspan=3|63(17)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁷⁷Sr | rowspan=3|5/2+# | rowspan=3| |- | p? | ⁷⁶Sr |- | β⁺, p? | ⁷⁶Rb |-id=Yttrium-78 | rowspan=2|⁷⁸Y | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2|77.94399(32)# | rowspan=2|54(5)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁷⁸Sr | rowspan=2|(0+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p? | ⁷⁷Rb |-id=Yttrium-78m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^78mY | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" |~300&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|5.8(6)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁷⁸Sr | rowspan=2|(5+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p? | ⁷⁷Rb |-id=Yttrium-79 | ⁷⁹Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 40 | 78.937752(14) | 14.8(6)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁷⁹Sr | 5/2+# | |-id=Yttrium-80 | ⁸⁰Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 41 | 79.9343548(67) | 30.1(5)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁸⁰Sr | 4− | |-id=Yttrium-80m1 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^80m1Y | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 228.5(1)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|4.8(3)&nbsp;s | IT (81%) | ⁸⁰Y | rowspan=2|1− | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (19%) | ⁸⁰Sr |-id=Yttrium-80m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^80m2Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 312.6(9)&nbsp;keV | 4.7(3)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁸⁰Y | (2+) | |-id=Yttrium-81 | ⁸¹Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 42 | 80.9294459(30) | 70.4(10)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁸¹Sr | (5/2+) | |-id=Yttrium-82 | ⁸²Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 43 | 81.9269302(59) | 8.30(20)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁸²Sr | 1+ | |-id=Yttrium-82m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^82m1Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 402.63(14)&nbsp;keV | 258(22)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁸²Y | 4− | |-id=Yttrium-82m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^82m2Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 507.50(13)&nbsp;keV | 148(6)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁸²Y | 6+ | |-id=Yttrium-83 | ⁸³Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 44 | 82.922484(20) | 7.08(8)&nbsp;min | β⁺ | ⁸³Sr | (9/2+) | |-id=Yttrium-83m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^83mY | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 62.04(10)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|2.85(2)&nbsp;min | β⁺ (60%) | ⁸³Sr | rowspan=2|(3/2−) | rowspan=2| |- | IT (40%) | ⁸³Y |-id=Yttrium-84 | ⁸⁴Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 45 | 83.9206711(46) | 39.5(8)&nbsp;min | β⁺ | ⁸⁴Sr | (6+) | |-id=Yttrium-84m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^84m1Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 67.0(2)&nbsp;keV | 4.6(2)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁸⁴Sr | 1+ | |-id=Yttrium-84m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^84m2Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 210.42(16)&nbsp;keV | 292(10)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁸⁴Y | 4− | |-id=Yttrium-85 | ⁸⁵Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 46 | 84.916433(20) | 2.68(5)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | ⁸⁵Sr | (1/2)− | |-id=Yttrium-85m1 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^85m1Y | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 19.68(17)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|4.86(20)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | ⁸⁵Sr | rowspan=2|(9/2)+ | rowspan=2| |- | IT? | ⁸⁵Y |-id=Yttrium-85m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^85m2Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 266.18(10)&nbsp;keV | 178(7)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁸⁵Y | (5/2)− | |-id=Yttrium-86 | ⁸⁶Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 47 | 85.914886(15) | 14.74(2)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | ⁸⁶Sr | 4− | |-id=Yttrium-86m1 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^86m1Y | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 218.21(9)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|47.4(4)&nbsp;min | IT (99.31%) | ⁸⁶Y | rowspan=2|(8+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (0.69%) | ⁸⁶Sr |-id=Yttrium-86m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^86m2Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 302.18(9)&nbsp;keV | 125.3(55)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁸⁶Y | 6+ | |-id=Yttrium-87 | ⁸⁷Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 48 | 86.9108761(12) | 79.8(3)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | ⁸⁷Sr | 1/2− | |-id=Yttrium-87m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^87mY | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 380.82(7)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|13.37(3)&nbsp;h | IT (98.43%) | ⁸⁷Y | rowspan=2|9/2+ | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (1.57%) | ⁸⁷Sr |-id=Yttrium-88 | ⁸⁸Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 49 | 87.9095013(16) | 106.629(24)&nbsp;d | β⁺ | ⁸⁸Sr | 4− | |-id=Yttrium-88m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^88m1Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 392.86(9)&nbsp;keV | 301(3)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁸⁸Y | 1+ | |-id=Yttrium-88m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^88m2Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 674.55(4)&nbsp;keV | 13.98(17)&nbsp;ms | IT | ⁸⁸Y | 8+ | |-id=Yttrium-89 | ⁸⁹Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 50 | 88.90583816(36) | colspan=3 align=center|Stable | 1/2− | 1.0000 |-id=Yttrium-89m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^89mY | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 908.97(3)&nbsp;keV | 15.663(5)&nbsp;s | IT | ⁸⁹Y | 9/2+ | |- | ⁹⁰Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 51 | 89.90714175(38) | 64.05(5)&nbsp;h | β^− | ⁹⁰Zr | 2− | |-id=Yttrium-90m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^90mY | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 682.01(5)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|3.226(11)&nbsp;h | IT | ⁹⁰Y | rowspan=2|7+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^− (0.0018%) | ⁹⁰Zr |-id=Yttrium-91 | ⁹¹Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 52 | 90.9072980(20) | 58.51(6)&nbsp;d | β^− | ⁹¹Zr | 1/2− | |-id=Yttrium-91m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^91mY | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 555.58(5)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|49.71(4)&nbsp;min | IT | ⁹¹Y | rowspan=2|9/2+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^−? | ⁹¹Zr |-id=Yttrium-92 | ⁹²Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 53 | 91.9089458(98) | 3.54(1)&nbsp;h | β^− | ⁹²Zr | 2− | |-id=Yttrium-92m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^92mY | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 807(50)#&nbsp;keV | 3.7(5)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁹²Y | 7+# | |-id=Yttrium-93 | ⁹³Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 54 | 92.909578(11) | 10.18(8)&nbsp;h | β^− | ⁹³Zr | 1/2− | |-id=Yttrium-93m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^93mY | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 758.719(21)&nbsp;keV | 820(40)&nbsp;ms | IT | ⁹³Y | 9/2+ | |-id=Yttrium-94 | ⁹⁴Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 55 | 93.9115921(68) | 18.7(1)&nbsp;min | β^− | ⁹⁴Zr | 2− | |-id=Yttrium-94m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^94mY | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1202.3(10)&nbsp;keV | 1.304(12)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁹⁴Y | (5+) | |-id=Yttrium-95 | ⁹⁵Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 56 | 94.9128197(73) | 10.3(1)&nbsp;min | β^− | ⁹⁵Zr | 1/2− | |-id=Yttrium-95m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^95mY | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1087.6(6)&nbsp;keV | 48.6(5)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁹⁵Y | 9/2+ | |-id=Yttrium-96 | ⁹⁶Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 57 | 95.9159093(65) | 5.34(5)&nbsp;s | β^− | ⁹⁶Zr | 0− | |-id=Yttrium-96m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^96m1Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1540(9)&nbsp;keV | 9.6(2)&nbsp;s | β^− | ⁹⁶Zr | 8+ | |-id=Yttrium-96m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^96m2Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1655.0(11)&nbsp;keV | 181(9)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁹⁶Y | (6+) | |-id=Yttrium-97 | rowspan=2|⁹⁷Y | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 58 | rowspan=2|96.9182867(72) | rowspan=2|3.75(3)&nbsp;s | β^− (99.945%) | ⁹⁷Zr | rowspan=2|1/2− | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (0.055%) | ⁹⁶Zr |-id=Yttrium-97m1 | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | ^97m1Y | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 667.52(23)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=3|1.17(3)&nbsp;s | β^− (>99.2%) | ⁹⁷Zr | rowspan=3|9/2+ | rowspan=3| |- | IT (<0.7%) | ⁹⁷Y |- | β^−, n (0.11%) | ⁹⁶Zr |-id=Yttrium-97m2 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^97m2Y | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3522.6(4)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|142(8)&nbsp;ms | IT (94.8%) | ⁹⁷Y | rowspan=2|(27/2−) | rowspan=2| |- | β^− (5.2%) | ⁹⁷Zr |-id=Yttrium-98 | rowspan=2|⁹⁸Y | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 59 | rowspan=2|97.9223948(85) | rowspan=2|548(2)&nbsp;ms | β^− (99.67%) | ⁹⁸Zr | rowspan=2|0− | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (0.33%) | ⁹⁷Zr |-id=Yttrium-98m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^98m1Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 170.78(5)&nbsp;keV | 615(8)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁹⁸Y | 2− | |-id=Yttrium-98m2 | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | ^98m2Y | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 465.7(7)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=3|2.32(8)&nbsp;s | β^− (96.56%) | ⁹⁸Zr | rowspan=3|(6,7)+ | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (3.44%) | ⁹⁷Zr |- | IT? | ⁹⁸Y |-id=Yttrium-98m3 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^98m3Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 496.10(11)&nbsp;keV | 6.90(54)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁹⁸Y | (4)− | |-id=Yttrium-98m4 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^98m4Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 594(10)&nbsp;keV | 180(7)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁹⁸Y | (3−,4−) | |-id=Yttrium-98m5 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^98m5Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 972.17(20)&nbsp;keV | 450(150)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁹⁸Y | (8+) | |-id=Yttrium-98m6 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^98m6Y | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1181.50(18)&nbsp;keV | 762(14)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁹⁸Y | (10−) | |-id=Yttrium-99 | rowspan=2|⁹⁹Y | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 60 | rowspan=2|98.9241608(71) | rowspan=2|1.484(7)&nbsp;s | β^− (98.23%) | ⁹⁹Zr | rowspan=2|5/2+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (1.77%) | ⁹⁸Zr |-id=Yttrium-99m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^99mY | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2141.65(19)&nbsp;keV | 8.2(4)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁹⁹Y | (17/2+) | |-id=Yttrium-100 | rowspan=2|¹⁰⁰Y | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 61 | rowspan=2|99.927728(12) | rowspan=2|940(30)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹⁰⁰Zr | rowspan=2|4+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n? | ⁹⁹Zr |-id=Yttrium-100m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^100mY | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 144(16)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|727(6)&nbsp;ms | β^− (98.92%) | ¹⁰⁰Zr | rowspan=2|1+# | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (1.08%) | ⁹⁹Zr |-id=Yttrium-101 | rowspan=2|¹⁰¹Y | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 62 | rowspan=2|100.9301608(76) | rowspan=2|426(20)&nbsp;ms | β^− (97.7%) | ¹⁰¹Zr | rowspan=2|5/2+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (2.3%) | ¹⁰⁰Zr |-id=Yttrium-101m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^101mY | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1205.0(10)&nbsp;keV | 870(90)&nbsp;ns | IT | ¹⁰¹Y | 13/2−# | |-id=Yttrium-102 | rowspan=2|¹⁰²Y | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 63 | rowspan=2|101.9343285(44) | rowspan=2|360(40)&nbsp;ms | β^− (>97.4%) | ¹⁰²Zr | rowspan=2|(5−) | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (<2.6%) | ¹⁰¹Zr |-id=Yttrium-102m | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | ^102mY | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 100(100)#&nbsp;keV | rowspan=3|300(100)&nbsp;ms | β^− (>97.4%) | ¹⁰²Zr | rowspan=3|(0−,1−) | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (<2.6%) | ¹⁰¹Zr |- | IT? | ¹⁰²Y |-id=Yttrium-103 | rowspan=2|¹⁰³Y | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 64 | rowspan=2|102.937244(12) | rowspan=2|239(12)&nbsp;ms | β^− (92.0%) | ¹⁰³Zr | rowspan=2|5/2+# | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (8.0%) | ¹⁰²Zr |-id=Yttrium-104 | rowspan=3|¹⁰⁴Y | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=3|103.94194(22)# | rowspan=3|197(4)&nbsp;ms | β^− (66%) | ¹⁰⁴Zr | rowspan=3|(0+,1+)# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (34%) | ¹⁰³Zr |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹⁰²Zr |-id=Yttrium-105 | rowspan=3|¹⁰⁵Y | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 66 | rowspan=3|104.94571(43)# | rowspan=3|95(9)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹⁰⁵Zr | rowspan=3|5/2+# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (<82%) | ¹⁰⁴Zr |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹⁰³Zr |-id=Yttrium-106 | rowspan=3|¹⁰⁶Y | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 67 | rowspan=3|105.95084(54)# | rowspan=3|75(6)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹⁰⁶Zr | rowspan=3|2+# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n? | ¹⁰⁵Zr |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹⁰⁴Zr |-id=Yttrium-107 | rowspan=3|¹⁰⁷Y | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=3|106.95494(54)# | rowspan=3|33.5(3)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹⁰⁷Zr | rowspan=3|5/2+# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n? | ¹⁰⁶Zr |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹⁰⁵Zr |-id=Yttrium-108 | rowspan=3|¹⁰⁸Y | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 69 | rowspan=3|107.96052(64)# | rowspan=3|30(5)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹⁰⁸Zr | rowspan=3|6−# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n? | ¹⁰⁷Zr |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹⁰⁶Zr |-id=Yttrium-109 | rowspan=3|¹⁰⁹Y | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 39 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 70 | rowspan=3|108.96513(75)# | rowspan=3|25(5)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹⁰⁹Zr | rowspan=3|5/2+# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n? | ¹⁰⁸Zr |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹⁰⁷Zr |-id=Yttrium-110 | ¹¹⁰Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 71 | | | | | | |-id=Yttrium-111 | ¹¹¹Y | style="text-align:right" | 39 | style="text-align:right" | 72 | | | | | |

See also

Daughter products other than yttrium

• Isotopes of zirconium
• Isotopes of strontium
• Isotopes of rubidium

References