Isotopes of vanadium

Naturally occurring vanadium (₂₃V) is composed of one stable isotope, ⁵¹V, and one radioactive isotope, ⁵⁰V, with a half-life of years. Twenty-five artificial radioisotopes have been characterized, ranging from ⁴²V to ⁶⁸V. The most stable of these are ⁴⁹V with a half-life of 330 days and ⁴⁸V with a half-life of 15.9735 days. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives shorter than an hour, with the majority of them below 10 seconds. Seven metastable excited states have also been observed, two of which are for ⁶⁰V.

The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope ⁵¹V is electron capture or positron emission resulting in titanium isotopes; that after the beta decay to chromium isotopes.

List of isotopes

|-id=Vanadium-43 | rowspan=2|⁴³V | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 20 | rowspan=2|42.980766(46) | rowspan=2|79.3(24)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ (>97.5%) | ⁴³Ti | rowspan=2|7/2−# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p (<2.5%) | ⁴²Sc |-id=Vanadium-44 | rowspan=2|⁴⁴V | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 21 | rowspan=2|43.9744410(78) | rowspan=2|111(7)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁴⁴Ti | rowspan=2|(2)+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, α (?%) | ⁴⁰Ca |-id=Vanadium-44m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^44mV | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 271(9)&nbsp;keV | 150(3)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁴⁴Ti | (6)+ | | |-id=Vanadium-45 | ⁴⁵V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 22 | 44.96576850(93) | 547(6)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁴⁵Ti | 7/2− | | |-id=Vanadium-45m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^45mV | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 56.8(6)&nbsp;keV | 512(13)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁴⁵V | (3/2−) | | |-id=Vanadium-46 | ⁴⁶V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 23 | 45.96019739(14) | 422.62(5)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁴⁶Ti | 0+ | | |-id=Vanadium-46m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^46mV | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 801.46(10)&nbsp;keV | 1.02(7)&nbsp;ms | IT | ⁴⁶V | 3+ | | |-id=Vanadium-47 | ⁴⁷V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 24 | 46.95490356(12) | 32.6(3)&nbsp;min | β⁺ | ⁴⁷Ti | 3/2− | | |-id=Vanadium-48 | ⁴⁸V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 25 | 47.9522509(10) | 15.9735(25)&nbsp;d | β⁺ | ⁴⁸Ti | 4+ | | |-id=Vanadium-49 | ⁴⁹V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 26 | 48.94851051(88) | 330(15)&nbsp;d | EC | ⁴⁹Ti | 7/2− | | |-id=Vanadium-50 | ⁵⁰V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 27 | 49.947156681(99) | 2.71(13)×10¹⁷&nbsp;y | β⁺ | ⁵⁰Ti | 6+ | 0.00250(10) | |-id=Vanadium-51 | ⁵¹V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 28 | 50.94395766(10) | colspan=3 align=center|Stable | 7/2− | 0.99750(10) | |-id=Vanadium-52 | ⁵²V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 29 | 51.94477364(17) | 3.743(5)&nbsp;min | β^− | ⁵²Cr | 3+ | | |-id=Vanadium-53 | ⁵³V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 30 | 52.9443349(33) | 1.543(14)&nbsp;min | β^− | ⁵³Cr | 7/2− | | |-id=Vanadium-54 | ⁵⁴V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 31 | 53.946432(12) | 49.8(5)&nbsp;s | β^− | ⁵⁴Cr | 3+ | | |-id=Vanadium-54m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^54mV | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 108.0(10)&nbsp;keV | 900(500)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁵⁴V | (5)+ | | |-id=Vanadium-55 | ⁵⁵V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 32 | 54.947262(29) | 6.54(15)&nbsp;s | β^− | ⁵⁵Cr | 7/2−# | | |-id=Vanadium-56 | ⁵⁶V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 33 | 55.95042(19) | 216(4)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁵⁶Cr | (1+) | | |-id=Vanadium-57 | ⁵⁷V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 34 | 56.952297(91) | 350(10)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁵⁷Cr | (7/2−) | | |-id=Vanadium-58 | ⁵⁸V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 35 | 57.95660(10) | 191(10)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁵⁸Cr | (1+) | | |-id=Vanadium-59 | rowspan=2|⁵⁹V | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 36 | rowspan=2|58.95962(15) | rowspan=2|95(6)&nbsp;ms | β^− (<97%) | ⁵⁹Cr | rowspan=2|(5/2−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (>3%) | ⁵⁸Cr |-id=Vanadium-60 | ⁶⁰V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 37 | 59.96448(20) | 122(18)&nbsp;ms | β^− (>99.9%) | ⁶⁰Cr | 3+# | | |-id=Vanadium-60m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^60m1V | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(150)#&nbsp;keV | 40(15)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁶⁰Cr | 1+# | | |-id=Vanadium-60m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^60m2V | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 203.7(7)&nbsp;keV | 230(24)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁶⁰V | (4+) | | |-id=Vanadium-61 | rowspan=2|⁶¹V | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 38 | rowspan=2|60.96760(25) | rowspan=2|48.2(6)&nbsp;ms | β^− (85.5%) | ⁶¹Cr | rowspan=2|(3/2−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (14.5%) | ⁶⁰Cr |-id=Vanadium-62 | ⁶²V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 39 | 61.97293(28) | 33.6(23)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁶²Cr | 3+# | | |-id=Vanadium-63 | rowspan=2|⁶³V | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 40 | rowspan=2|62.97666(37) | rowspan=2|19.6(9)&nbsp;ms | β^− (<65%) | ⁶³Cr | rowspan=2|(3/2−,5/2−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (>35%) | ⁶²Cr |-id=Vanadium-64 | ⁶⁴V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 41 | 63.98248(43)# | 15(2)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁶⁴Cr | (1,2) | | |-id=Vanadium-64m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^64mV | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 81.0(7)&nbsp;keV | <1&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁶⁴V | | | |-id=Vanadium-65 | ⁶⁵V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 42 | 64.98700(54)# | 14#&nbsp;ms<br />[>620&nbsp;ns] | | | 5/2−# | | |-id=Vanadium-66 | ⁶⁶V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 43 | 65.99324(54)# | 10#&nbsp;ms<br />[>620&nbsp;ns] | | | | | |-id=Vanadium-67 | ⁶⁷V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 44 | 66.99813(64)# | 8#&nbsp;ms<br />[>620&nbsp;ns] | | | 5/2−# | | |-id=Vanadium-68 | ⁶⁸V | style="text-align:right" | 23 | style="text-align:right" | 45 | | | | | |

See also

Daughter products other than vanadium

• Isotopes of chromium
• Isotopes of titanium
• Isotopes of scandium
• Isotopes of calcium

References

External links

• History of discovery: Discovery of the Vanadium Isotopes., A. Shore, A. Fritsch, M. Heim, A. Schuh, M. Thoennessen (2009).