() is a naval rank of Dutch origin.
The was responsible for ensuring that a fleet continued to sail in the prescribed order at night. The title comes from the title of the officer who replaced the admiral at night, from the Middle Low German schulthete meaning commanding official, cognate to the modern German SchultheiÃÂ, and was therefore called night commander, captain at night or .
In the Dano-Norwegian navy, the rank of was codified on 11 February 1693, by King Christian V. In the second publication of the Danish order of precedence, the rank of was placed below vice admirals (), and above commander-captains (). In 1771, the rank was replaced with counter admiral.
It is the second most junior admiral position of the Dutch Navy, ranking above ("commodore") and below a ("vice admiral").
The rank is rated OF-7 within the NATO rank structure, usually equivalent counter admiral, and rear admiral.
In the Imperial Russian Navy the rank of Schout-bij-nacht () was kept until 1732, when the rank was replaced with counter admiral ().
was a rank used in the Swedish Navy from 1630 to 1771. It was then replaced by the rank of .