A piano quartet is a chamber music composition for piano and three other instruments, or a musical ensemble comprising such instruments. Those other instruments are usually a string trio consisting of a violin, viola and cello.
Piano quartets for that standard lineup were written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Robert Schumann, Ludwig van Beethoven, Johannes Brahms, AntonÃÂn DvoÃ
Âák and Gabriel Fauré among others. In the 20th century, composers have also written for more varied groups, with Anton Webern's Quartet, opus 22 (1930), for example, being for piano, violin, clarinet and tenor saxophone, and Paul Hindemith's quartet (1938) as well as Olivier Messiaen's Quatuor pour la fin du temps (1940) both for piano, violin, cello and clarinet. An early example of this can be found in Franz Berwald's quartet for piano, horn, clarinet and bassoon from 1819, his opus 1.
A rare form of piano quartets consist of two pianos with two players at each piano. This type of ensemble is informally referred to as "eight-hand piano", or "two piano eight hands". Eight-hand piano was popular in the late 19th century before the advent of recordings as it was a mechanism to reproduce and study symphonic works. Music lovers could hear the major symphonic works all in the convenience of a parlour or music hall that had two pianos and four pianists. Many of the popular works of Mozart, Schumann, Brahms and DvoÃ
Âák were transcribed for two piano eight hands. The majority of 8 hand piano music consists of transcriptions, or arrangements.
List of works
The following is an incomplete list of piano quartets by famous and lesser-known composers. Ordering is by surname of composer.
A-B
- Elfrida Andrée
- Piano Quartet A minor (1870)
- Henk Badings
- Piano Quartet (1973)
- Jeanne Barbillion
- Quatuor avec piano
- Béla Bartók
- Piano Quartet in C minor (1898)
- Arnold Bax
- Piano Quartet, in one movement (1922)
- Ludwig van Beethoven
- Piano Quartet WoO 36, No. 1 in E-flat major (1785)
- Piano Quartet WoO 36, No. 2 in D major (1785)
- Piano Quartet WoO 36, No. 3 in C major (1785)
- Opus 16/b: Piano Quartet in E-flat (1797) (arrangement of Quintet for Piano and Winds, Op. 16)
- Paul Ben-Haim
- Piano Quartet in C minor, Op.4 (1920)
- Wilhelm Berger
- Piano Quartet in A major, op. 21 (published 1887)
- Piano Quartet in C minor, op. 100
- Charles Auguste de Bériot
- Piano Quartet in A minor, Op. 50 (1881)
- Leopoldine Blahetka
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in A major, Op. 43 (1836)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in E-flat major, Op. 44 (1837/38)
C-D
E-F
G-H
- Hans Gál
- Piano Quartet in B major, Op.13 (1914)
- Friedrich Gernsheim
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in E major, Op. 6 (1865)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in C minor, Op. 20 (performed in 2003. Pub. ca. 1870.)
- Piano Quartet No. 3 in F major, Op. 47 (1883)
- Ruth Gipps
- Brocade, Op. 17 (1941)
- Hermann Goetz
- Piano quartet in E major Op. 6 (1867)
- Reynaldo Hahn
- Piano Quartet in G major
- Ilmari Hannikainen
- Piano Quartet in F-Sharp Minor
- John Harbison
- November 19, 1828 (1988)
- Robert Helps
- Piano Quartet (1997)
- Louise Héritte-Viardot
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in A major, Op. 9 (published in 1883)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in D major, Op. 11 (published in 1883)
- Piano Quartet No. 3 in D minor (1877-1878)
- Heinrich von Herzogenberg
- Piano quartet No.1 in E minor, Op. 75 (1891-1892)
- Piano quartet No. 2 in B major, Op. 95 (1897)
- Alfred Hill
- The Sacred Mountain (1932)
- Wilhelm Hill
- Piano Quartet in E major, Op. 44 (1879)
- Ferdinand Hiller
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in B minor, Op. 1 (1826)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in F minor, Op. 3 (1830)
- Piano Quartet No. 3 in A minor, Op. 133 (1870)
- Franz Anton Hoffmeister
- Piano Quartet in G major (1785)
- Piano Quartet in B-flat major (1788)
- Herbert Howells
- Piano Quartet in A minor, Op. 21 (1916-1st version, 1936-2nd version)
- Hans Huber
- Piano Quartet No.1 in B major, Op.110 (1891/2?)
- Piano Quartet No.2 in E major, Op.117 (1901)
- Ferdinand Hummel
- Piano Quartet in C-sharp minor, Op. 19 (1879)
- Johann Nepomuk Hummel
- Piano Quartet in G major, Op. post. (2 movements; published in 1839)
- William Hurlstone
- Piano Quartet in E minor, Op. 43 (1906)
I-L
- Salomon Jadassohn
- Piano Quartet 1 in C minor, Op.77 (1884)
- Piano Quartet 2 in G major, Op.86 (1887)
- Piano Quartet 3 in A minor, Op. 109 (1890)
- Marie Jaëll
- Piano Quartet in G minor (1875)
- Gustav Jenner
- Piano Quartet in F major (1905)
- Robert Kahn
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in b minor, Op. 14 (1891)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in a minor, Op. 30 (1899)
- Piano Quartet No. 3 in c minor, Op. 41 (1904)
- Hannah Kendall
- Network Bed (2018)
- Friedrich Kiel
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in a minor, Op. 43 (1866)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in E major, Op. 44 (1866)
- Piano Quartet No. 3 in G major, Op. 50 (1867)
- Uuno Klami (1900-1961)
- Piano Quartet in D major
- Arnold Krug
- Piano Quartet in C minor, Op. 17 (1879)
- Friedrich Kuhlau
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in C minor, Op. 32 (1820-1821)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in A major, Op. 50 (1822)
- Piano Quartet No. 3 in G minor, Op. 108 (composed in 1829, published in 1833)
M
- Fanny Hensel
- Piano Quartet in A-flat major, H-U No. 55 (1822)
- Felix Mendelssohn
- Piano Quartet in D minor (1821)
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in C minor, Op. 1 (1822)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in F minor, Op. 2 (1823)
- Piano Quartet No. 3 in B minor, Op. 3 (1825)
- Elena Mendoza
- Nebelsplitter for Piano, Violin, Viola and Cello (2007/2008)
- Olivier Messiaen
- Quatuor pour la fin du temps (for clarinet, violin, cello, and piano; 1941)
- Darius Milhaud
- Piano Quartet, Op. 417 (1966)
- Bernhard Molique
- Piano Quartet, Op. 71 in E-flat major (published 1870)
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in G minor, K. 478 (1785)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in E-flat major, K. 493 (1786)
N-R
- Eduard NápravnÃÂk
- Piano Quartet in A minor, Op.42 (1882)
- Zygmunt Noskowski
- Piano Quartet in D minor, Op. 8 (premiered in 1879, published in 1881)
- VÃÂtÃÂzslav Novák
- Piano Quartet in C minor, Op.7 (1894, rev. 1899)
- Cornélie van Oosterzee
- Piano Quartet in C-sharp minor (c. 1890)
- Henrique Oswald
- Piano Quartet No. 1 (Piccolo quartetto) in F-sharp minor, Op. 5 (1888)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in G major, Op. 26 (1898)
- Hubert Parry
- Piano Quartet in A-flat major (1882)
- Dora PejaÃÂeviÃÂ
- Piano Quartet in D minor, Op. 25 (1908)
- Walter Piston
- Piano Quartet (1964)
- Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia
- Piano Quartet No. 1 in E-flat major (published 1806)
- Piano Quartet No. 2 in F minor (published 1806)
- Ebenezer Prout
- Piano Quartet in C major, Op.2 (1865 ca.)
- Piano Quartet No.2 in F major, Op.18 (1882?)
S
- Camille Saint-Saëns
- Piano Quartet in E major, Op. post (1851âÂÂ53)
- Serenade in E-flat major, Op. 15 (for violin, viola (or cello), organ, and piano; 1865)
- Piano Quartet in B-flat major, Op. 41 (1875)
- Caprice sur des airs danois et russes, Op. 79 (for flute, oboe, clarinet and piano; 1887)
- Barcarolle in F major, Op. 108 (for violin, cello, harmonium, and piano; 1898)
- Quartet for pianoforte, violin, viola and violoncello in C major, Op.14 (1908?)
- Quartet for 2 violins, viola and violoncello in G major, Op.17 (1905)
- Alfred Schnittke
- Piano Quartet, based on a fragment by Gustav Mahler (1988)
- Franz Schubert
- Adagio and Rondo concertante in F major, D487 (1816)
- Georg Schumann
- Piano Quartet in F minor, Op. 29 (1901)
- Robert Schumann
- Piano Quartet in E-flat major, Op. 47 (1842)
- Cyril Scott
- Piano Quartet in E minor, Op. 16 (1899)
- Johanna Senfter
- Piano Quartet in E Minor, Op. 11
- Piano Quartet in D Minor, Op. 112
- Eric Sessler
- Piano Quartet (2004)
- Vache Sharafyan
- "Adumbrations of the Peacock" for piano quartet (2003)
- "Good-lights" four movements for piano quartet (2018)
- Caroline Shaw
- Thousandth Orange (2018)
T-Z
- Dobrinka Tabakova
- Goldberg Gymnopedie (2011)
- Josef Tal
- Piano Quartet for violin, viola, cello & piano (1982)
- Sergei Taneyev
- Piano Quartet in E major, Op. 20 (1906)
- Ferdinand Thieriot
- Piano Quartet in E major, Op.30 (1875)
- Anna S. ÃÂorvaldsdóttir
- Shades of Silence (for violin, viola, cello & harpsichord; version for violin, viola, cello & piano also available; 2012)
- Piano Quartet (2017)
- Donald Tovey
- Piano Quartet in E minor, Op. 12 (1913)
- Joan Tower
- White Granite for Piano Quartet (2010)
- Eduard Tubin
- Piano Quartet in C-sharp minor, ETW 59 (1930)
- JoaquÃÂn Turina
- Piano Quartet in A minor, Op. 67 (1931)
- Stefania Turkewich
- Piano Quartet
- Gwyneth Van Anden Walker
- Letters to the World (2001)
- Earth and Sky for Violin, Viola, Cello, and Piano with Readers (2018)
- Joelle Wallach
- Runes and Ritual
List of ensembles
See also
References
Further reading
- Basil Smallman (1994) The Piano Quartet and Quintet: Style Structure, and Scoring, New York: Oxford University Press. .
External links