A narrative technique or narrative device (also, in fiction, a fictional device) is any of several storytelling techniques that the creator of a story uses, thus effectively relaying information to the audience or making the story more complete, complex, or engaging. Some scholars also call such a technique a narrative mode, though this term can also more narrowly refer to the particular technique of using a commentary to deliver a story. Narrative techniques are distinguished from narrative elements, which exist inherently in all works of narrative, rather than being merely optional strategies.