This is a list of undomesticated or feral plants, generally considered weeds, yet having some positive effects or uses, often being ideal as companion plants in gardens.
Beneficial weeds can accomplish a number of roles in the garden or yard, including fertilizing the soil, increasing moisture, acting as shelter or living mulch, repelling pests, attracting beneficial insects, or serving as food or other resources for human beings.
Chart
Categories of beneficial weeds
Pest-repellent
- NeemâÂÂrepels leaf eating insects
Edible
- BlackberryâÂÂblackberries are rich in nutrients, and their thorny stems can form a barrier against some larger pest mammals.
- BurdockâÂÂroots are edible (as are the stalks, but particularly the young leaves).
- Chickweed (Stellaria media)âÂÂused in salads and also as ground cover.
- CornflowerâÂÂvarious colors; can be served as edible garnish to decorate salads.
- FlatweedâÂÂleaves are edible raw, while roots are edible after being roasted.
- HorsetailâÂÂprimeval plant that is high in silica; tops are very similar to and may be eaten like asparagus.
- Lamb's quartersâÂÂleaves and shoots, raw, also prevents erosion, also distracts leaf miners from nearby crops.
- NettleâÂÂyoung leaves collected before flowering used as a tea or spinach substitute. Plants have use as compost material or for fibre.
- PurslaneâÂÂprepared raw for salads or sautéed.
- Shepherd's purseâÂÂleaves are edible and often sautéed or blanched.
- WatercressâÂÂcan be eaten raw or cooked; is considered a weed in some cultures (caution required when harvesting wild because of the risk of contracting potentially fatal liver fluke).
Habitat for beneficial insects
- Wild blackberryâÂÂattracts predatory insects, and produces berries.
- MotherwortâÂÂattracts bees.
- Joe-Pye weedâÂÂhabitat for pollinators and predatory insects.
- AsterâÂÂhabitat for predatory insects.
Shelter plants
- Normal grass can be used as ground cover, especially in nitrogenous soils.
Trap crops
Trap crops draw potential pests away from the actual crop intended for cultivation.
- CowpeaâÂÂattracts ladybird beetle, so planting around cotton fields protects them from sucking insects. It serves as source of food and niche.
See also
Organic approaches
Indexes
References
Bibliography
- Peterson, L.A. & Peterson, R.T. (1999). A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants: Eastern and central North America. Houghton-Mifflin.
- Duke, J.A., Foster, S., & Peterson, R.T. (1999). A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America. Houghton-Mifflin.
- Gibbon, E. (1988). Stalking the Wild Asparagus. Alan C. Hood & Company.
- Sharma, O.P., R.C. Lavekar, K.S. Murthy and S.N. Puri (2000). Habitat diversity and predatory insects in cotton IPM: A case study of Maharashtra cotton eco-system. Radcliffe's IPM world textbook. Minnesota University, USA.