Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)

In enzymology, a hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The three substrates of this enzyme are (R)-mevalonate, coenzyme A (CoA), and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP⁺). Its products are (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA, reduced NADPH, and two protons.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, to be specific those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor. This enzyme participates in biosynthesis of steroids including cholesterol. The statin class of anticholesterol drugs act through inhibiting this enzyme.

Nomenclature

The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-mevalonate:NADP⁺ oxidoreductase (CoA-acylating). Other names in common use include:

• hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
• hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase (NADPH)
• S-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• NADPH-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• HMGCoA reductase-mevalonate:NADP-oxidoreductase (acetylating-CoA)
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (NADPH)
• hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH₂).

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 12 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes , , , , , , , , , , , and .

References