is a Japanese religious practice that consists of two components, (, i.e. meditation) and (, i.e. spirit possession). It originated in Japan during the 19th century and was first taught and practiced by Chikaatsu Honda. In 1898, Onisaburo Deguchi, the founder of the Oomoto religion, learned chinkon kishin from Honda's disciple and popularized it during the early 20th century. Chinkon kishin was widely practiced in Oomoto from 1916 to 1921, during which the phrase began to be widely used. The basic practices of several Shinto-based Japanese new religions are derived from chinkon kishin. Chinkon kishin is still practiced in more or less its original form in Shintà  Tenkà Âkyo and Ananaikyo, whereas it is highly modified in present-day Oomoto.
During kishin, or spirit possession, a mediator known as the saniwa () questions the deity in the possessed person (spirit medium), known as the kannushi (ç¥Â主) (note that the term kannushi is instead used to refer to a shrine caretaker and priest in mainstream Shinto). Currently, the Japanese new religions Makoto no Michi and also have similar practices.
Chinkon kishin was originally taught as the separate components of chinkon and kishin by Chikaatsu Honda (1822âÂÂ1889) during the 19th century, who in turn derived many of his ideas from his teachers Seishisai Aizawa and Atsutane Hirata. Honda then taught chinkon and kishin to his disciple (1858âÂÂ1940). In turn, Nagasawa taught it directly to Onisaburo Deguchi (åºå£çÂÂä»Âä¸ÂéÂÂ, the founder of Oomoto, who merged the two practices into chinkon kishin), Yoshisane Tomokiyo (, born Kyà «go Tomokiyo Ã¥ÂÂ渠ä¹Âå¾; the founder of Shintà  Tenkà Âkyo), and Yonosuke Nakano (ä¸ÂéÂÂèÂÂä¹Âå©, the founder of Ananaikyo). Shintà  Tenkà Âkyo and Ananaikyo both still practice chinkon kishin, although participation is restricted to members and is not open to the general public. In present-day Oomoto, only the chinkon (é®éÂÂ) aspect is practiced as a form of meditation, but not the kishin (帰ç¥Â) aspect of spirit possession.
Chinkon kishin was widely taught to Oomoto followers by Onisaburo Deguchi from 1916 to 1921 until the Japanese government cracked down on the practice during the First Oomoto Incident of 1921. In 1923, Deguchi banned chinkon kishin and replaced it with , which involved the use of rice ladles. This practice would go on to form the basis of johrei and okiyome in later Oomoto-derived religions that make use of the "laying of hands" to channel divine light for spiritual healing.
Onisaburo Deguchi taught chinkon kishin to Masaharu Taniguchi (è°·å£é æÂÂ¥), founder of Seicho-no-Ie, and Mokichi Okada (岡ç°èÂÂÃ¥ÂÂ), founder of the Church of World Messianity. Johrei (æµÂéÂÂ) as practiced by the Church of World Messianity is directly based on chinkon kishin, while the chinkon (meditation) aspect of chinkon kishin forms the basis of shinsà Âkan (ç¥Âæ³観) in Seicho-no-Ie. The practice of johrei in turn inspired Kà Âtama Okada, founder of the Mahikari movement, to invent the similar practice of okiyome (ãÂÂæµÂãÂÂ).
The following Japanese new religions derive their basic teachings and practices from chinkon kishin and its derirative practices, as taught to their founders by Nagasawa, Deguchi, or Okada.
Yamakage Shinto (å±±èÂÂç¥ÂéÂÂ), a Shinto sect that was led by Motohisa Yamakage () during the late 20th century, also teaches chinkon meditation methods. The Shinto sect, headquartered at Kirei-gà « (貴嶺宮) in Kà Âta, Aichi Prefecture, is associated with the modern koshintà  (å¤ç¥ÂéÂÂ) revival movement.
Chinkon kishin has been thoroughly studied in a 2009 monograph by Birgit Staemmler, which is the published revision of her 2002 doctoral dissertation written at the University of Tübingen. A detailed treatment of chinkon kishin can also be found in Nancy K. Stalker's 2008 biography about Onisaburo Deguchi, Prophet Motive. The history of chinkon kishin has also been studied in a doctoral dissertation by Namiki (2020).