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Chamfer (geometry)

In geometry, a chamfer or edge-truncation is a topological operator that modifies one polyhedron into another. It separates the faces by reducing them, and adds a new face between each two adjacent faces (moving the vertices inward). Oppositely, similar to expansion, it moves the faces apart outward, and adds a new face between each two adjacent faces; but contrary to expansion, it maintains the original vertices.

For a polyhedron, this operation adds a new hexagonal face in place of each original edge.

In Conway polyhedron notation, chamfering is represented by the letter "c". A polyhedron with edges will have a chamfered form containing new vertices, new edges, and new hexagonal faces.

Platonic solids

Chamfers of five Platonic solids are described in detail below.

  • chamfered tetrahedron or alternated truncated cube: from a regular tetrahedron, this replaces its six edges with congruent flattened hexagons; or alternately truncating a cube, replacing four of its eight vertices with congruent equilateral-triangle faces. This is an example of Goldberg polyhedron GP<sub>III</sub>(2,0) or {3+,3}<sub>2,0</sub>, containing triangular and hexagonal faces. Its dual is the alternate-triakis tetratetrahedron.
  • chamfered cube: from a cube, the resulting polyhedron has twelve hexagonal and six square centrally symmetric faces, a zonohedron. This is also an example of the Goldberg polyhedron GP<sub>IV</sub>(2,0) or {4+,3}<sub>2,0</sub>. Its dual is the tetrakis cuboctahedron. A twisty puzzle of the DaYan Gem 7 is the shape of a chamfered cube.
  • chamfered octahedron or tritruncated rhombic dodecahedron: from a regular octahedron by chamfering, or by truncating the eight order-3 vertices of the rhombic dodecahedron, which become congruent equilateral triangles, and the original twelve rhombic faces become congruent flattened hexagons. It is a Goldberg polyhedron GP<sub>V</sub>(2,0) or {5+,3}<sub>2,0</sub>. Its dual is triakis cuboctahedron.

Regular tilings

Relation to Goldberg polyhedra

The chamfer operation applied in series creates progressively larger polyhedra with new faces, hexagonal, replacing the edges of the current one. The chamfer operator transforms GP(m,n) to GP(2m,2n).

A regular polyhedron, GP(1,0), creates a Goldberg polyhedra sequence: GP(1,0), GP(2,0), GP(4,0), GP(8,0), GP(16,0)...

The truncated octahedron or truncated icosahedron, GP(1,1), creates a Goldberg sequence: GP(1,1), GP(2,2), GP(4,4), GP(8,8)...

A truncated tetrakis hexahedron or pentakis dodecahedron, GP(3,0), creates a Goldberg sequence: GP(3,0), GP(6,0), GP(12,0)...

See also

References

Sources

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