In Germany, a black-yellow coalition () (short black-yellow; also called conservative-liberal, Christian-liberal, center-right or bourgeois coalition) is a coalition between the Union (CDU/ CSU, party colour black) and the FDP (party color yellow).
The term "black-yellow coalition" was unknown before 1972, as the FDP only adopted the color combination yellow/blue during the 1972 state election campaign in Baden-Württemberg.
There were black-yellow coalitions at the federal level:
From 1949 to 1956, the FDP also participated in federal governments with the CDU/CSU under Konrad Adenauer. However, the German Party and, from 1953 to 1956, the BHE were also part of the government , so these were not purely Christian Democratic (CDU) and Free Democratic (FDP) governments.
From 27 June 2017 to 28 June 2022, a black-yellow coalition governed North Rhine-Westphalia under Minister-Presidents Armin Laschet and Hendrik Wüst (both CDU). This was the first black-yellow coalition at the state level since 2014. Currently, there is no black-yellow coalition at the state level, although a majority would be mathematically possible in Schleswig-Holstein (where the black-green coalition governs).
During the television debate between Angela Merkel and Frank-Walter Steinmeier during the 2009 German federal election, Maybrit Illner asked Merkel about her coalition plans â with Illner referring to the black-yellow coalition as the "Tiger Duck Coalition" () â in reference to the black-and-yellow-striped Janosch character the Tiger Duck. While many media outlets rejected this neologism, it is often used by critics of the coalition because of its mocking undertone.