(, , Translated from Arabic means 'The Sufficient') is a hadith collection of the Twelver tradition, compiled in the first half of the 10th century CE (early 4th century AH) by (). It is one of the (Kutub al Arba'a) in Twelver Shi'i Islam.
It is divided into three sections: , dealing with epistemology, theology, history, ethics, supplication, and the ; , which is concerned with practical and legal issues; and (or ), which includes miscellaneous traditions, many of which are lengthy letters and speeches transmitted from the imams. In total, comprises 16,199 narrations. It reportedly took him twenty years to finish the book.
The first eight books of are commonly referred to as , meaning 'Fundamental'. The first typeset edition of the , which was published in eight volumes, placed in the first two volumes. Generally speaking, contains traditions that deal with epistemology, theology, history, ethics, supplication, and the .
Books 9 through 34 are referred to as and are found in volumes three through seven of the first typeset edition. contains traditions that deal predominantly with practical and legal issues.
The final book stands alone as or , which is found in volume eight of the first typeset edition. contains nearly 600 miscellaneous traditions, many of which are lengthy letters and speeches, not arranged in any particular order.
Most scholars do not make any assumptions about the authenticity of a hadith book. Most believe that there are no ('sound', 'truthful') hadith books that are completely reliable. Hadith books are compiled by fallible people, and thus realistically, they inevitably have a mixture of strong and weak hadiths. Kulaynë himself stated in his preface that he only collected hadiths he thought were important and sufficient for Muslims to know, and he left the verification of these hadiths up to later scholars.
According to the Imami scholar , known as (1505âÂÂ1559 CE, 911âÂÂ966 AH), who examined the or the chains of transmission of traditions, 5,072 are considered ; 144 are regarded as ('good'), second category; 1,118 are held to be ('trustworthy'), third category; 302 are adjudged to be ('strong') and 9,485 traditions which are categorized as ('weak').
The author, , stated in his preface to :
Imam Khomeini (a prominent 20th century scholar and statesman) said:
The general idea behind this metaphor is that Khomeini objected to the laziness of many ignorant people who simply kept on their shelf, and ignored or violated it in their daily lives, assuming that they would somehow be saved from Hell just by possessing the book. Khomeini argued that Islamic law should be an integral part of everyday life for the believer, not just a stale manuscript to be placed on a shelf and forgotten. The irony of the allusion is telling; Khomeini implicitly says that (literally 'the Sufficient') is not ('enough') to make one a faithful Muslim or be counted among the righteous, unless one uses the wisdom contained within it and acts on it.
scholar did not believe in the complete authenticity of . Khoei points this out in his , or Collection of Men of Narrations, in which he states:
Scholars have made such remarks to remind the people that one cannot simply pick the book up, and take whatever they like from it as truthful. Rather, an exhaustive process of authentication must be applied, which leaves the understanding of the book in the hands of the learned. From the point of view, any book other than the , as well as individual hadiths or hadith narrators can be objectively questioned and scrutinized as to their reliability.
Kulaynë stated in his preface that he only collected hadiths he thought were important and sufficient for Muslims to know, and he left the verification of these hadiths up to later scholars. Kulaynë also states, in reference to hadiths generally:
The author of never intended for it to be politicized as "infallible", but compiled it to give sincere advice based on Islamic law (regardless of the soundess of any one particular hadith), and to preserve rare hadiths and religious knowledge in an easily accessible collection for future generations to study.
is the most comprehensive collection of traditions from the formative period of Islamic scholarship. It has been held in the highest esteem by generation after generation of Muslim scholars. ( 1022 CE) extolled it as "one of the greatest and most beneficial of Shia books". (d. 1385 CE) and (d. 1533 CE) have said, "No book has served the Shia as it has." The father of ÿAllÃÂmah al Majlisë said, "Nothing [else] like it has been written for Islam."