ZveÃÂan () or Zveçan () is a town and municipality located in the Mitrovica District in Kosovo. As of 2015, it has a population of 16,650 inhabitants. It covers an area of , and consists of a town and 35 villages.
ZveÃÂan is a part of North Kosovo, a region with an ethnic Serb majority. According to the 2013 Brussels Agreement, the municipality should become a part of the Community of Serb Municipalities once they are established.
The town of ZveÃÂan is located near Mitrovica. It was mentioned for the first time in connection with the border clashes between the Serbs and Byzantines between 1091 and 1094. There is also an inscription that Grand Prince Stefan Nemanja, after the victory over the Byzantines in 1170, ordered that a prayer for the successful outcome of the battle be held in the church of St George at ZveÃÂan.
In the 13th and 14th centuries ZveÃÂan was one of the royal residences of the Serbian court. Queen Theodora died there in December 1322, and nine years later her husband, Stefan Uroà ¡ III was imprisoned and strangled there.
First, the MusiÃÂ, then the Vojinoviànoble family, held the fortified city and region during the Serbian Empire of Uroà ¡ V (r. 1355âÂÂ1371). As imperial power collapsed ZveÃÂan was in a disputed zone being held by nobleman Miloà ¡ Poviàin 1370 but claimed by Nikola AltomanoviÃÂ.
In 1389, after the Battle of Kosovo, it was integrated into the Ottoman Empire and later became part of the Sanjak of Novi Pazar.
On 26 May 2023, Kosovo Police took control of the municipal buildings of four Serb majority municipalities in the north of Kosovo.
In September 2023, Banjska attack was carried by Serb militants against Kosovo Police in a village of the municipality of ZveÃÂan, named Banjska. During the fighting, one Kosovar police officer and several Serb militants were killed. The attackers sought refuge within Banjska Monastery, which was eventually retaken by the Kosovo Police. During this operation, a significant cache of weaponry was confiscated.
According to the 2011 estimations by the Government of Kosovo, ZveÃÂan has 1,838 households and 7,481 inhabitants. In 2015 report by OSCE, the population of ZveÃÂan municipality stands at 16,650 inhabitants.
The majority of ZveÃÂan municipality is composed of Kosovo Serbs with around 16,000 inhabitants (95.1%). Also, there are 500 Kosovo Albanians and 300 inhabitants of other ethnicity. About 3,750 Kosovo Serbs are located in the municipality as Internally displaced persons (IDPs) as well as 250 refugees from Croatia. Most of Kosovo Albanians live in the villages of Boletin (Boljetin), Lipë/Kelmend (Lipa) and Zhazhë (à ½aà ¾a).
The ethnic composition of the municipality of ZveÃÂan, including IDPs:
The largest employer in ZveÃÂan is the lead and zinc melting factory "TrepÃÂa". Its large smokestack is with 306 meters the tallest structure in Kosovo. Due to the serious environmental pollution from the factory, however, UN and KFOR shut it down and the only ongoing operation is alloy production for batteries and battery recycling. Once employing up to 4,000, the very low operations of "TrepÃÂa" has had a devastating effect on the local economy. Today, in the municipality only about 500 people are working at 60 small private companies and 150 shops.
The Faculty of Arts, part of the University of Prià ¡tina at North Mitrovica, is situated at ZveÃÂan.
ZveÃÂan has hosted annually two international music festivals: The North City, Jazz & Blues Festival, and international rock festival Overdrive, as well as international art colony Sokolica and children song festival Cvrkuti sa Ibra (Chirrups from the Ibar River).
The ZveÃÂan Fortress and Sokolica Monastery, both from the Middle Ages, have been located in the ZveÃÂan area.