Zilber (, ) is a surname and a variation of Silber. Notable people with the surname include:
- Ariel Zilber (; born 1943), Israeli musical artist
- Belu Zilber (1901âÂÂ1978), Romanian communist activist
- Boris Zilber (born 1949), SovietâÂÂBritish mathematician
- Irina Zilber (born 1983), Russian athlete
- J. A. Zilber, mathematician, known for the EilenbergâÂÂZilber theorem
- Maurice Zilber (1920âÂÂ2008), French horse trainer
- Michael Zilber, Canadian composer and musician
- Yitzchok Zilber (1917âÂÂ2004), Israeli-Russian rabbi
- Lev Zilber (1894âÂÂ1966), Soviet microbiologist, virologist, and immunologist