Yuli County as the official Romanized name, also transliterated from Mongolian as Lopnur County (Lop Nur), is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of . According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 100,000.
The etymology was discussed in detail in the article On the Place Name Yuli and Rouran () by Li Shuhui ().
The name Yuli was postulated to have come from Turkic ("one who is stationed; one who stays"), the name of a Turkic clan, and derived from (verb form , "to be stationed in") + -gir (adjectival suffix).
Both and were said to be recorded in the ancient dictionary DëwÃÂn LughÃÂt al-Turk, although the exact Arabic-script forms are unknown, perhaps ÃÂregir, Yüregir, the 15th clan of the Oghuz.
In 2016, Tuanjie was upgraded from a township to a town.
In 2018, Xingping was upgraded from a township to a town.
The county is bordered to the northeast by Toksun County.
Yuli County includes three towns and five townships:
Others:
, there was about 2,960 acres (19,564 mu) of cultivated land in Yuli.
As of 2015, 68,281 (66.20%) of the 103,143 residents of the county were Han Chinese, 33,752 (32.72%) were Uyghur and 1,110 were from other ethnic groups.
As of 1999, 70.54% of the population of Yuli (Lopnur) County was Han Chinese and 28.68% of the population was Uyghur.
As of 1997, several townships had a majority of Uyghur residents including Ka'erquga Township (98.6%), Donghetan Township (98.5%), Akesufu/Akesupu Township (90.1%), Gulebage Township (65.3%), Xingping Township (61.6%) and others.