Yakov Fyodorovich Melnikov (; January 13, 1896 â July 12, 1960) was a Russian and Soviet speed skater. First recipient of the Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR (1934).
He was the bronze medalist of the 1923 World Allround Speed Skating Championships. Melnikov set 27 national records.
He first started in the Russian championship in 1913. He last went on the ice as a participant in the country's championship in 1941. The last champion and record holder of the Russian Empire. The first champion of the RSFSR.