Xanthesma brachycera, or Xanthesma (Xenohesma) brachycera, is a species of bee in the family Colletidae and the subfamily Euryglossinae. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1914 by British-American entomologist Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell.
The species occurs across mainland Australia. Type localities are Townsville in North Queensland and Kalamunda in Western Australia.
The adults are flying mellivores. Flowering plants visited by the bees include Eucalyptus species.