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Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in southeastern Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China, and is the easternmost prefecture-level division of the province. It borders Baise, Guangxi, to the east, Vietnam's Tuyên Quang Province to the south for , Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture to the west, and Qujing to the north.

Subdivisions

Ethnic groups

Wenshan is highly diverse. According to a local saying, "Han and Hui live by the market, Zhuang and Dai live by the water, Miao and Yi live on the mountains, and Yao live among the valleys." ()

Some of Wenshan's ethnic groups include:

Yunnan (1979) lists Jiazhou (pop. 475), Longjiang (pop. 54), Tusi (pop. 134), and Bendi (pop. 7) as Zhuang subgroups of unknown linguistic affiliation.

Yi

The Wenshan Prefecture Gazetteer () (2000) and the Wenshan Prefecture Ethnic Gazetteer () (2005) list the following Yi ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture.

  • Luo ()
  • White Lolo () (autonyms: Suodu , Luoluobu , Xiqima , Gaisipo )
  • Mokong () (Gaokujiao Luo ) of Funing and Guangnan counties
  • Mudai () of Funing and Napo counties
  • Black Lolo () (autonyms: Nuosupo , Luoluopo ): in Qiubei, Yanshan, and Wenshan counties
  • Flowery Lolo () (autonyms: Hanluowu , Luwu , Niesu ): in Funing, Guangnan, Malipo, Xichou, Maguan, and Yanshan counties
  • Pu ()
  • Black Phula () (autonym: Azha )
  • White Phula () (autonym: Zuoke )
  • Flowery Phula () (autonym: Abo )
  • Sani () (autonym: Sanipo ): in Qiubei County
  • Awu () (autonym: Awu ; exonyms: Mengwu , Awu , Mengwu , Mengzu )
  • Lai () (autonym; a branch of the Awu , also called Mengwu ): in Xisa , Xichou; Daping and Nanwenhe of Malipo
  • Gepu () (autonyms: Gepo , Alingpo ; exonyms: Geluoluo/duo , Adu , Aga ): in Tiechang and Donggan townships of Malipo County
  • Axi (): in Wenshan, Yanshan, and Qiubei counties
  • Lalu () (Lalupu ; exonym: Xiangtang ): in Nanping

Yao

The Wenshan Prefecture Gazetteer () (2000) lists the following Yao ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture.

  • Men () or Jinmen () (exonym: Landian Yao )
  • Mengmian () or Youmian () (exonyms: Daban Yao , Jiao Yao )
  • Xiu () or Ya () (exonyms: Shan Yao , Guoshan Yao ): in Longmen () and Longshao () of Funing County, and in Tiechang (), Jinchang (), and other locations of Malipo County

Demographics

Among the resident population, the Han population is 1,501,848, accounting for 42.69% of the total population; the ethnic minorities population is 2,016,098, accounting for 57.31% of the total population.By the end of 2024, the resident population of the whole state was 3.372 million.

Gelao

The Wenshan Prefecture Gazetteer (2000) lists the following Gelao ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture. The Gelao of Wenshan are also locally known as the Laobazi or Bazi .

  • White Gelao ()
  • Green Gelao ()
  • Red Gelao ()
  • Flowery Gelao () (also known as the Wai Gelao () or Pipao Gelao ())

History

The prefecture has been inhabited for at least 4000 years, as evidenced by surviving neolithic rock art in Malipo County. The Yelang kingdom existed in the area during the 3rd century BC.

The seat of Guangnan, known today as Liancheng (), was the heart of the Gouding Kingdom () that lasted approximately 400 years, from 111 BC to 316 AD.

Transportation

References

External links