Waleria Tarnowska (December 9, 1782, â November 23, 1849) was a Polish painter and a patron of the arts. She is known for her miniatures, numerous portraits, religious paintings and drawings.
Personal life
Waleria Tarnowska was a daughter of Walerian Stroynowski and Aleksandra Tarnowska. On 7 September 1800, Waleria married Jan Feliks Tarnowski. She was the mother of Kazimierz, Rozalia, Jan Bogdan, Maria Felicja, Walerian, Rozalia, Wiktoria, Anna and Tadeusz Antoni; and the grandmother of Jan DzierÃ
¼ysÃ
Âaw Tarnowski, StanisÃ
Âaw âÂÂCzarnyâÂÂ, StanisÃ
Âaw âÂÂBiaÃ
Âyâ and WÃ
ÂadysÃ
Âaw. Waleria was educated at home by governesses, and her teachers also included the archaeologist and historian Wawrzyniec Surowiecki, and the professor of chemistry and medicine JÃÂdrzej Ã
Âniadecki, as well as her uncle, Hieronim Stroynowski, bishop and Rector of Vilnius University.
Waleria together with her husband Jan Felix created the collection of paintings, drawings, sculptures, books and antiquities at Dzików, which included paintings by Lorenzo Lotto, Guercino, Guido Reni, Rembrandt, Annibale Carracci, Salvator Rosa, Hans Holbein the Younger, Anthony van Dyck, Anton Raphael Mengs, Bernini, Antonio Canova.
Career
First Waleria studied painting for three years in Horochów with Constantino Villani and the miniaturist de Hoflize, then with Wincenty de Lesseur 1800-1804 in Dzików and 1810 in Warsaw, at miniaturist Therese Maron and her husband, Antonio Cherubini in Rome, Domenico del Frate (who in 1806 depicted portraits of members of her family, and painted the Virgin Mary in the chapel in Dzików). Her next teacher was Filippo Giacomo Remondini; she then studied in Paris from 1824 to 1826.
Paintings and drawings
Waleria was a miniaturist, painting portraits and religious subjects. She often signed her works "V. T.", and depicted miniatures on ivory, usually with watercolour, sometimes with gouache and watercolour or only gouache. Her paintings are often miniature copies of paintings by other painters, and portraits of family members.
- Madonna w biaÃ
Âym welonie (Madonna in white veil; She may be the artist of the copy of a lost painting by Giovanni Battista Salvi zw. the Sassoferrato)
- Madonna w bÃ
ÂÃÂkitnej chuÃ
Âcie (Madonna in blue scarf)
- Aleksandra z Tarnowskich Stroynowska (WaleriaâÂÂs mother)
- Jan Bohdan Tarnowski (Waleria's son in children's age)
- Ks. Julian Antonowicz (father Antonowicz was WaleriaâÂÂs husband's tutor and friend of both)
- Marianna z Tarnowskich hr. Scipio del Campo
- Rozalia Tarnowska (1803-1804, WaleriaâÂÂs daughter)
- Portret Anny z Rakowskich hr. Bystry (c. 1805)
- Portret Joanny GrudziÃ
Âskiej (portrait of wife of Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich)
- Portret Jana Feliksa Tarnowskiego (several miniatures with husband's effigy)
- Portret Waleryana Stroynowskiego (WaleriaâÂÂs father portrait)
- Portret kobiety z ksiÃÂ
Ã
¼kÃÂ
(The woman's portrait with book (the copy of painting by painter from Netherlandic school in collection of Dzików Castle in Tarnobrzeg)
- Król Stefan Batory (King Stefan Batory)
- Konstanty Iwanowicz ks. Ostrogski (father-in-law of Zofia, daughter of hetman Jan Tarnowski)
- Napoleon I (as consul, miniature from 1804, on basis of the portrait by J. B. Isabey, lent by Letycja Buonaparte, which so pleased miniature, that she gave to medallion with her son's curl)
- Józefina de Beauhernais (Napoleon's wife)
- Magdalena pokutujÃÂ
ca (Suffering Magdalene with skull and parchment)
- Maria Magdalena (with book and dish on balm)
- Zofia z Czartoryskich Zamoyska
- Izabela z Flemingów ks. Czartoryska
- Portret Jana Tarnowskiego (Hetman's portrait)
- Antonina Anna KrasiÃ
Âska (Zygmunt KrasiÃ
Âski grandmother)
- Portret Kryglerowej po hiszpaÃ
Âsku (Portrait Kryglerowej in Spanish)
- Józefa Czarnecka
- CzystoÃ
ÂàJózefa (Joseph's cleanness, the copy of painting by Carlo Cagnacci)
- Rysunek Proroka (Prophet, drawing)
- StanisÃ
Âaw Ã
»Ã³Ã
Âkiewski (drawing in yew frame)
- Ã
ÂwiÃÂty Bernard (Saint Bernard)
- Chrystus (Christ, Salvator Mundi, the copy of painting by Guido Reni)
- Psyche i kupido (Psyche and cupid)
- Projekt monumentu zwieÃ
Âczonego heÃ
Âmem (The project of monument topped with helmet, 1824)
Before World War II, Waleria's miniatures, paintings and drawings were in family collections in Dzików Castle, Chorzelów, Rudnik nad Sanem, and WiÃ
Âniowa (the residence of the Mycielski family). Post-war, her work can be found in collections at the Polish Museum, Rapperswil, the National Museum in Warsaw and Cracow, the Castle Museum in Pszczyna and the Jagiellonian Library (drawings).
Diaries
- Mes voyages (A description of travel (1803-1804) written for daughter)
- Mes journal (diary, 1804-1838)
See also
References
Bibliography
Source in English
- Adam Zamoyski âÂÂWaleria Tarnowskaâ in: Jane Turner (ed.) âÂÂThe Dictionary of ArtâÂÂ, Grove, Macmillan Publishers Limited, 1996, Vol. 30 (Summonte-Tinne), pp. 345âÂÂ346.
Sources in Polish
- W. Batowski and M. Treter âÂÂWystawa miniaturâ Lvov, 1912 (illustrations).
- Jan BoÃ
Âoz Antoniewicz âÂÂKatalog Wystawy sztuki polskiej 1764-1886âÂÂ, Lvov, 1894, about Waleria as paintress pp. 114âÂÂ116, positions 602-611; about portrait of Waleria by Leon BrzeziÃ
Âski (1849), pp. 186âÂÂ187, position 923.
- Dorota Dec, Janusz Walek âÂÂEuropejskie skarby Muzeum Narodowego z Muzeum KsiÃÂ
Ã
¼ÃÂ
t Czartoryskich w Krakowie w Zamku Królewskim w NiepoÃ
ÂomicachâÂÂ, Muzeum w NiepoÃ
Âomicach, 2011, p. 113.
- Kazimiera Grottowa âÂÂZbiory sztuki Jana Feliksa i Walerii Tarnowskich w Dzikowie, 1803-1849âÂÂ, ZakÃ
Âad Narodowy im. OssoliÃ
Âskich, Wroclaw, 1957, pp. 20, 40-43, 47-50, 52-53 (letter by Antonio Canova from April 28, 1804), 54-57, 59-64, 68, 71-75, 77, 79, 85-87, 90-94, 101, 103, 113, 114, 118, 130, 133-135, 136, 137.
- Aleksandra Janas âÂÂKolekcja dzikowska hr. TarnowskichâÂÂ, ed. Muzeum Historyczne Miasta Tarnobrzega, Tarnobrzeg, 2006.
- Halina KamiÃ
Âska-Krassowska âÂÂMiniatury Wincentego Lesseura i Walerii Tarnowskiej z dawnej kolekcji Tarnowskich z Dzikowa w zbiorach Muzeum Polskiego w Rapperswilu : Katalog wystawy â Miniaturen von Wincenty Lesseur und Waleria Tarnowska aus der ehemaligen Tarnowski-Sammlung in Dzików im Polenmuseum Rapperswil : AusstellungskatalogâÂÂ, Royal Castle in Warsaw, Warsaw, 1994.
- Jerzy Kieszkowski âÂÂW czasy naszych ojców. âÂÂWystawa Amatorówâ w Wiedniu w lutym i w marcu 1913 r.â in: âÂÂPrzeglÃÂ
d PolskiâÂÂ, Cracow, Vol. 190, fascicle IV (October 1913), pp. 18âÂÂ20, and 4 illustration after p. 18.
- MichaÃ
 Marczak âÂÂBiblioteka Tarnowskich w DzikowieâÂÂ, Biblioteka Dzikowska, Cracow, 1921.
- BoÃ
¼ena Mazurkowa âÂÂNowy grand tour w Ã
Âwietle Mes voyages Walerii Tarnowskiejâ â article in: âÂÂPolski Grand Tour w XVIII i poczÃÂ
tkach XIX wiekuâÂÂ, Uniwersytet Ã
ÂlÃÂ
ski w Katowicach, Katowice, 2014, pp. 151âÂÂ182.
- Jerzy Mycielski âÂÂSto lat dziejów malarstwa polskiego 1760-1860âÂÂ, Cracow, 1896, pp. 64âÂÂ66.
- Jacek Paulinek âÂÂEx collectione Dzikoviana : zbiory hrabiów Tarnowskich z Dzikowa : katalog wystawy, Biblioteka Narodowa, 17 sierpnia-12 paÃ
ºdziernika 2008âÂÂ, Biblioteka Narodowa, Warsaw, 2008, pp. II-IV, VI, VIII, X, XXI-XXII, XXIV, XXVI-XXX, XXXIII, XXXV-XXXVIII, XL, XLII-XLIII, LXI; illustrations, str. 59 position 99 (âÂÂPortrait Walerii Tarnowskiejâ by Fr. X. Lampi, 1825); paintings by Waleria: p. 62 position 107-108, p. 67 position 123, p. 70 position 134.
- Edward Rastawiecki âÂÂSÃ
Âownik malarzów polskich, 1857, Vol. 3, pp. 423-425 and p. 176, position 15.
- Maria Ã
Âledzianowska âÂÂZainteresowania kolekcjonerskie Teofili Konstancji z RadziwiÃ
ÂÃ
Âów Morawskiej, Walerii ze Stroynowskich Tarnowskiej i Izabeli z Flemingów Czartoryskiejâ article in: âÂÂKwartalnik Historii Nauki i TechnikiâÂÂ, annual set 57, issue 3/4, 2012, pp. 185âÂÂ187 i 191.
- StanisÃ
Âaw Wasylewski âÂÂPortrety paÃ
 wytwornychâÂÂ, InicjaÃ
 Andrzej PaÃ
Âacz, Warsaw, 2011.
- Krzysztof ZaÃ
ÂÃÂski âÂÂWaleria Tarnowskaâ in: âÂÂArtystki polskie. Katalog wystawyâÂÂ, Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie, Warsaw, 1991, p. 344-345, ill. 796-798.
- Maria Zientara âÂÂArtystki polskie i ich sztuka od XVI do XIX wiekuâ in: âÂÂKrzysztofory: Zeszyty historyczne Muzeum Historycznego Miasta KrakowaâÂÂ, Zeszyt 24, Cracow, 2006, p. 52.
- âÂÂPodróÃ
¼ polki do WÃ
Âoch w epoce NapoleoÃ
Âskiej, 1803-1804.â in: âÂÂPrzeglÃÂ
d PolskiâÂÂ, Cracow, Vol. 123, fascicle VII (January 1897), issue 367, pp. 69âÂÂ103.
- âÂÂStary portret. Wystawa dzieÃ
 polskich i obcych, wykonanych do roku 1930 a znajdujÃÂ
cych siàw zbirach prywatnych w obrÃÂbie województwa krakowskiegoâÂÂ, Cracow, 1930, nr 96, p. 19.
- âÂÂWspomnienie poÃ
Âmiertne dwóch matron polskich Anny hrabiny MaÃ
Âachowskiej i Walerii hrabiny TarnowskiejâÂÂ, druk Czas, Cracow, pp. 11âÂÂ19.
Sources in German
- Leo R. Schidlof âÂÂDie Bildnisminiatur in Frankreich im XVII, XVIII, und XIX Jahrhundert. Als Anhang: Allgemeines Lexicon der Miniaturisten aller Länder.âÂÂ, publ. Beyer, Vienna, 1911; this same author âÂÂLa miniature en Europe Aux 16e, 17e, 18e et 19e sièclesâÂÂ, Akademische Druck â U. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1964, Vol. II (M-Z), p. 819.
- âÂÂSaur Allgemaines Küstlerlexikon: Bio-bibliographiher indexâÂÂ, K.G. Saur, Monachium-Lipsk, 2000, Vol. 9 (Schinz-Torricelli), p. 29, Th. XXXII.
- âÂÂSaur Allgemaines Küstlerlexikon: Bio-bibliographiher indexâÂÂ, K.G. Saur, Monachium-Lipsk, 2000, Vol. 9 (Schinz-Torricelli), p. 629.
- Z. Batowski âÂÂTarnowska, Waleriaâ in: Ulrich Thieme, Felix Becker âÂÂAllgemeines Lexicon der bildenden künstler von der antike bis zur gegenwartâÂÂ, publ. Hans. Vollmer, print. A. Seemann, Leipzig, 1938, Vol. XXXII, p. 448.
Sources in French
- Emmanuel-Charles Bénézit âÂÂDictionaire critique et documentaire des Peintres, Sculpteurs, Dessinateurs et Graveursâ (9 wydanie), Librairie Gründ, 1966, Vol. 8, p. 225; this same author âÂÂDictionary of ArtistâÂÂ, tom 13 (Sommer-Valverane), Gründ, Paris, 2006, p. 702.
- Elena Gretchanaia, Alexandre Stroev âÂÂLa francophonie europeenne aux XVIIIe-XIXe siecles: Perspectives Litteraires, Historiues et CulturallesâÂÂ, P.I.E.-Peter Lang S.A., Brüssel, 2012.
- Jerzy Mycielski âÂÂUne Jeune Polonaise en Italie àlâÂÂépoque du Premier Consulâ w: âÂÂLa Revue de PologneâÂÂ, ParyÃ
¼-Warszaw, 1924-1926; this same author âÂÂJournal du voyage en ItalieâÂÂ, 1924-1926.
- Michael Braud âÂÂLes journaux de Waleria Tarnowska et Eliza MichalowskaâÂÂ, Prosses de lâÂÂUniwersité Paris-Sorbonne, ParyÃ
¼, 2011; on subject this book article in: GenesisâÂÂ, issue 32 (July 24, 2012), pp. 177âÂÂ180.
- Michael Braud âÂÂLe voyage en France de la comtesse TarnowskaâÂÂ, Ellug, Grenoble, 2003.
Sources in Italian
- Antonio Canova âÂÂLetter : Roma, to Valeria, contessa Tarnowska, née Stroynowskaâ (April 14, 1804, the letter from Antonio Canova from Rome to Waleria in collection of Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
External links