The Waihou River is located in the northern North Island of New Zealand. Its former name, Thames River, was bestowed by Captain James Cook in November 1769, when he explored of the river from the mouth. An older MÃÂori name was "Wai Kahou Rounga". A 1947 Geographic Board enquiry ruled that the official name would be Waihou.
The river flows north for from the Mamaku Ranges past the towns of PutÃÂruru, Te Aroha, Paeroa and Turua, before reaching the Firth of Thames at the south end of the Hauraki Gulf near the town of Thames. In its lower reaches, the river and the nearby Piako River form the wide alluvial Hauraki Plains. Just before the river reaches the ocean, State Highway 25 crosses the river over the Kopu Bridge, which was the longest single lane bridge in the country at and the only remaining swing bridge on a New Zealand state highway. The bridge was infamous for the queues of vehicles travelling to and from the Coromandel Peninsula until a new two lane bridge was opened in December 2011. Tributaries include the Waimakariri Stream, Waiomou Stream, Oraka Stream and the Ohinemuri River.
Many areas on the banks of the Waihou River were settled by Hauraki MÃÂori, such as Oruarangi pÃÂ and Paterangi pÃÂ near Matatoki, and the Te Raupa pÃÂ and Waiwhau pÃÂ near Paeroa. The mouth of the river was famous as a location for pÃÂtiki (flounder) fishing.
In the 1910s stopbanks and floodgates were constructed along the Waihou River in order to protect farmland from flooding, including a canal constructed at the point where the Waihou River and Ohinemuri River meet, west of Paeroa. Further work occurred in the 1980s after extensive flooding in 1981.
In 1879 Te Au o Tonga, or the Falls of Awotonga, were destroyed by of dynamite to free the navigation of the river for shipping. There was a water column of . Other parts of the river had been cleared in the same manner in previous years. Josiah Firth had Kotuku built in 1879 and spent ã7,442 to 1880, extending navigation to allow the deep steamer as far as Stanley Landing, near Gordon. By 1909 Northern Steamship had a shed at Te Aroha, reached by a steamer 3 days each week. By 1923 a launch could reach Okauia. A 1925 report said there had once been a steady traffic. Regular traffic on the river ended in 1947.
There were also ferries across the river -
The river supports large populations of rainbow and brown trout. A survey conducted in 2009 showed that the upper section of the river supported over 700 fish per kilometre.
The water quality at Te Aroha is in the worst category for dissolved reactive phosphorus and also the worst 25% of all sites measured for other pollutants. At Okauia the river is in the worst category for E. coli, though the measurement may have been overestimated. In the upper reaches of the river the main pollutant is phosphorus. Water flows are measured at Te Aroha and Okauia.