Victor Harold Matthews (born 13 November 1950) is an American Old Testament scholar. He is the retired Dean of the College of Humanities and Public Affairs and professor emeritus of religious studies at Missouri State University.
Matthews was born in Joplin, Missouri. He obtained a PhD at Brandeis University. In 2015, the fourth edition of Matthews' book, The Cultural World of the Bible, was published.
Stephen Pattison notes that Matthews "has led the paradigm shift on shame issues" in Old Testament studies.