Ussuri

The Ussuri ( ; ) or Wusuli ( ) is a river that runs through Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais, Russia and the southeast region of Northeast China in the province of Heilongjiang. It rises in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range, flowing north and forming part of the Sino-Russian border (which is based on the Sino-Russian Convention of Peking of 1860), until it joins the Amur as a tributary near Khabarovsk. It is approximately long. The Ussuri drains the Ussuri basin, which covers . Its waters come from rain (60%), snow (30–35%), and subterranean springs. The average discharge is , and the average elevation is .

Names

The Ussuri has been known by many names. In Manchu, it was called the Usuri Ula or Dobi Bira (River of Foxes) and in Mongolian the Üssüri Müren. Ussuri is Manchu for soot-black river.

History

• The Ussuri has a reputation for catastrophic floods. It freezes up in November and stays under the ice until April. The river teems with different kinds of fish: grayling, sturgeon, humpback salmon (gorbusha), chum salmon (keta), and others.
• During World War II, the river marked one of the boundaries which Soviet forces crossed into Manchuria in Operation August Storm in 1945.
• The Sino-Soviet border conflict of 1969 took place at the Soviet Damansky Island on the Ussuri River.

Tributaries

Major tributaries of the Ussuri are, from source to mouth:

• Arsenyevka (left)
• Sungacha (left)
• Muling (left)
• Bolshaya Ussurka (right)
• Bikin (right)
• Naoli (left)
• Khor (right)

See also

• Ussuri brown bear
• Ussurian tiger
• Suiphun–Khanka meadows and forest meadows

References

Sources

External links

• Article containing a detail map [dead link as of 18 March 2017].
• http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80349e/80349E10.GIF