Urocyclidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, semi-slugs and land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea.
Some species within this family make and use love darts before mating.
Distribution
The Urocyclidae are distributed in the Afrotropical realm, including Madagascar, the Comores and the islands of the Gulf of Guinea.
Taxonomy
The family Urocyclidae consists of 3 subfamilies:
- subfamily Rhysotininae <small>Schileyko, 2002</small>
- subfamily Sheldoniinae <small>Connolly, 1925 (1912)</small> - synonyms: Peltatinae <small>Godwin-Austen, 1912</small>; Trochonanininae <small>Connolly, 1912</small>; Trochozonitinae <small>Iredale, 1914</small>; Ledoulxiinae <small>Pilsbry, 1919</small>; Gymnarionidae <small>Von Mol, 1970</small>; Rhysotinidae <small>Schileyko, 2002</small>; Zonitarionini <small>Schileyko, 2002</small>; Acantharionini <small>Schileyko, 2002</small>
- subfamily Urocyclinae <small>Simroth, 1889</small>
- tribe Urocyclini <small>Simroth, 1889</small> - synonyms: Atoxonini <small>Schileyko, 2002</small>; Buettneriini <small>Schileyko, 2002</small>
- tribe Dendrolimacini <small>Van Goethem, 1977</small>
- tribe Leptichnini <small>Van Goethem, 1977</small>
- tribe Upembellini <small>Van Goethem, 1977</small>
Genera
The following genera are recognised in the family Urocyclidae:
unsorted
- â Koruella <small>Pickford, 2009</small>
Subfamily Rhysotininae
Subfamily Sheldoniinae
- Acantharion <small>Binder & Tillier, 1985</small>
- Africarion <small>Godwin-Austen, 1883</small>
- Amatarion <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Angustivestis <small>Pilsbry, 1919</small>
- Aspidelus <small>Morelet, 1884</small>
- Aspidotomium <small>Degner, 1932</small>
- Belonarion <small>Pilsbry, 1919</small>
- Bloyetia <small>Bourguignat, 1890</small>
- Camerunarion <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Carinazingis <small>van Bruggen & de Winter, 1990</small>
- Centrafricarion <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Chlamydarion <small>Van Mol, 1968</small>
- Colparion <small>Laidlaw, 1938</small>
- Degneria <small>Verdcourt, 1956</small>
- Entagaricus <small>Pilsbry, 1919</small>
- Estria <small>Poirier, 1887</small>
- Falloonella <small>Preston, 1914</small>
- Fuellebornia <small>Verdcourt, 1998</small>
- Granularion <small>Germain, 1912</small>
- Gymnarion <small>Pilsbry, 1919</small>
- â Hamya <small>Bourguignat, 1885</small>
- Kerkophorus <small>Godwin-Austen, 1912</small>
- Lacrimarion <small>Connolly, 1939</small>
- Malagarion <small>Tillier, 1979</small>
- Mesafricarion <small>Pilsbry, 1919</small>
- Microkerkus <small>Godwin-Austen, 1912</small>
- Montanobloyetia <small>Verdcourt, 1961</small>
- Morrumbalia <small>Verdcourt, 1998</small>
- Paragranularion <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Percivalia <small>Preston, 1914</small>
- Plicatonanina <small>Verdcourt, 1961</small>
- Principicochlea <small>D. Holyoak & G. Holyoak, 2020</small>
- Principitrochoidea <small>D. Holyoak & G. Holyoak, 2020</small>
- Ptilototheca <small>Herbert, 2016</small>
- Rhopalogonium <small>Degner, 1932</small>
- Selatodryas <small>Herbert, 2017</small>
- Senegalarion <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Sheldonia <small>Ancey, 1887</small> - the type genus of the subfamily Sheldoniinae
- Sjostedtina <small>Verdcourt, 1961</small>
- Sylvarion <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Thapsia <small>Albers, 1860</small>
- Thielarion <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Thomithapsia <small>D. Holyoak & G. Holyoak, 2020</small>
- Thomitrochoidea <small>D. Holyoak & G. Holyoak, 2020</small>
- Tresia <small>Van Goethem, 1975</small>
- Trochonanina <small>Mousson, 1869</small>
- Trochozonites <small>Pfeffer, 1883</small>
- Tropidocochlion <small>Verdcourt, 1998</small>
- Verdcourtia <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Verrucarion <small>Van Mol, 1970</small>
- Zingis <small>E. von Martens, 1878</small>
- Zonitarion <small>Pfeffer, 1883</small>
Subfamily Urocyclinae
Tribe Dendrolimacini
- Dendrolimax <small>Heynemann, 1868</small> - the type genus of the tribe Dendrolimacini
Tribe Leptichnini
- Leptichnus <small>Simroth, 1896</small> - the type genus of the tribe Leptichnini
Tribe Upembellini
- Leptichnoides <small>Van Goethem, 1975</small>
- Upembella <small>Van Goethem, 1969</small> - the type genus of the tribe Upembellini
tribe Urocyclini
- Anisotoxon <small>Van Goethem, 1975</small>
- Atoxon <small>Simroth, 1888</small>
- Atoxonoides <small>Van Goethem, 1973</small>
- Atrichotoxon <small>Simroth, 1910</small>
- Buettneria <small>Simroth, 1910</small>
- Bukobia <small>Simroth, 1896</small>
- Elisolimax <small>Cockerell, 1893</small>
- Emphysetes <u><small>Verdcourt, 2003</small></u>
- Microcyclus <small>Simroth, 1896</small>
- Nupnus <small>Van Goethem, 1975</small>
- Pembatoxon <small>Van Goethem, 1975</small>
- Phaneroporus <small>Simroth, 1888</small>
- Polytoxon <small>Simroth, 1897</small>
- Pseudatoxon <small>Van Goethem, 1975</small>
- Tanzalimax <small>Rowson, Paustian & Van Goethem, 2017</small>
- Trichotoxon <small>Simroth, 1888</small>
- Udzungwalimax <small>Rowson, Paustian & Van Goethem, 2017</small>
- Urocyclus <small>Gray, 1864</small> - the type genus of the family Urocyclidae
Cladogram
The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationship of this family to other families in the limacoid clade:
References
External links