The UdÃÂnavarga is an early Buddhist collection of topically organized chapters () of aphoristic verses or "utterances" (Sanskrit: udÃÂna) attributed to the Buddha and his disciples. While not part of the Pali Canon, the UdÃÂnavarga has many chapter titles, verses and an overall format similar to those found in the Pali Canon's Dhammapada and UdÃÂna. At this time, there exist one Sanskrit recension, two Chinese recensions and two or three Tibetan recensions of the UdÃÂnavarga.
Content
The UdÃÂnavarga has around 1100 verses in 33 chapters. The chapter titles are:
- Anityavarga
- KÃÂmavarga
- Tá¹Âá¹£á¹ÂÃÂvarga
- ApramÃÂdavarga
- Priyavarga
- Ã
Âëlavarga
- Sucaritavarga
- VÃÂcavarga
- Karmavarga
- Ã
ÂraddhÃÂvargas
- Ã
Âramaá¹Âavarga
- MÃÂrgavarga
- SatkÃÂravarga
- Drohavarga
- Smá¹Âtivarga
- Prakirá¹Âakavarga
- Udakavarga
- Puá¹£pavarga
- AÃ
Âvavarga
- Krodhavarga
- TathÃÂgatavarga
- Ã
Ârutavarga
- ÃÂtmavarga
- PeyÃÂlavarga
- Mitravarga
- NirvÃÂá¹Âavarga
- PaÃ
Âyavarga
- PÃÂpavarga
- Yugavarga
- Sukhavarga
- Cittavarga
- Bhiká¹£uvarga
- BrÃÂhmaá¹Âavarga
Comparatively, the most common version of the Dhammapada, in Pali, has 423 verses in 26 chapters. Comparing the UdÃÂnavarga, Pali Dhammapada and the Gandhari Dharmapada, Brough (2001) identifies that the texts have in common 330 to 340 verses, 16 chapter headings and an underlying structure.
History
The UdÃÂnavarga is attributed by Brough to the SarvÃÂstivÃÂdins.
Hinüber suggests that a text similar to the Pali Canon's UdÃÂna formed the original core of the Sanskrit UdÃÂnavarga, to which verses from the Dhammapada were added. Brough allows for the hypothesis that the UdÃÂnavarga, the Pali Dhammapada and the Gandhari Dharmapada all have a "common ancestor" but underlines that there is no evidence that any one of these three texts might have been the "primitive Dharmapada" from which the other two evolved.
The Tibetan Buddhist and Chinese Buddhist canons' recensions are traditionally said to have been compiled by DharmatrÃÂta.
See also
Notes
References
Citations
Sources
- ÃÂnandajoti Bhikkhu (2nd rev., 2007). A Comparative Edition of the Dhammapada, Pali text with parallels from Sanskritised Prakrit
- Bernhard, Franz (ed.) (1965). UdÃÂnavarga. Göttingen: Vandenhoek & Ruprecht. Retrieved 2008-09-18 in an expanded format by ÃÂnandajoti Bhikkhu (version 2.1, January 2006) from "Ancient Buddhist Texts" at https://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/S1-Udanavarga/index.htm.
- Hinüber, Oskar von (2000). A Handbook of PÃÂli Literature. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. .
Further reading
- nandajoti Bhikkhu, trans. (2008). UdÃÂna (KhuddakanikÃÂya 3) Exalted Utterances, 2nd rev.
- Rockhill, William Woodville, trans. (1883). UdÃÂnavarga: a collection of verses from the Buddhist canon compiled by DharmatrÃÂta being the Northern Buddhist version of Dhammapada / transl. from the Tibetan of the Bkah-hgyur, with notes and extracts from the commentary of PradjnÃÂvarman. London: Trübner
- Willemen, Charles (1974), Dharmapada: a concordance to UdÃÂnavarga, Dhammapada, and the Chinese Dharmapada literature, Publications de l'Institut Belge des hautes etudes bouddhiques, Bruxelles
External links