The Turbomeca Turmo is a family of French turboshaft engines manufactured for helicopter use. Developed from the earlier Turbomeca Artouste, later versions delivered up to . A turboprop version was developed for use with the Bréguet 941 transport aircraft.
Current versions are built in partnership with Rolls-Royce, and the engine is produced under licence by the Chinese Changzhou Lan Xiang Machinery Works as the WZ-6 and Romanian Turbomecanica, Bucharest, as the Turmo IV-CA.
Design and development
The Turmo was initially developed with a single-stage centrifugal compressor, annular combustion chamber and single stage turbine. Power output was from a single-stage free power turbine and was initially .
During early post-war helicopter development, the use of cold and hot rotor tip-jets was widely investigated. To provide large mass-flow air for efficient operation of the tip-jets, Turbomeca developed a gas turbine driven gas producer, powered by the free power-turbine of the Turmo to deliver the required gas flow.
Variants
Data from:-Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1957âÂÂ58
Turmo I: The initial version of the Turmo; max continuous gearbox output at 3,000 rpm, at 33,750 rpm gas generator speed.
Turmo II:Developed version of the Turmo I; max continuous gearbox output at 34,000 rpm gas generator speed.
Turmo III:With 2-stage free power-turbine, pressure ratio 5.7:1 ;Maximum shaft output , max continuous at 33,400 rpm
Turmo IIIB:
Turmo IIIC:A turboshaft powering the Sud-Aviation Frelon prototypes.
Turmo IIIC<sub>2</sub>: Developed from the IIIC delivering maximum output
Turmo IIIC<sub>3</sub>: Maximum rating at 33,500 rpm for production Super Frelon helicopters
Turmo IIIC<sub>4</sub>: Military variant.
Turmo IIIC<sub>5</sub>:
Turmo IIIC<sub>6</sub>:
Turmo IIIC<sub>7</sub>:
Turmo IIID:Turboprop for the proposed Breguet Br 942 STOL transport, maximum rating .
Turmo IIID<sub>2</sub>: at 22,460 free turbine rpm
Turmo IIID<sub>3</sub>: at 33,500 rpm
Turmo IIIF: at 32,100 rpm for use on Turbotrain and Turboliner
Turmo IVB: Military Variant
Turmo IVC: Civil Variant
Turmo IV-CA:Licence production in Romania
Turmo VI:Turboprop engine with two axial stages, one centrifugal compressor stage and two free power turbine stages, rated at at 32,000 rpm.
Turmo XII: for use on Class T 2000 Turbotrain and TGV 001.
WZ-6:Licence production at the Changzhou Lan Xiang Machinery Works in the People's Republic of China.
Applications
Turboshaft
Turboprop
Automobile
Train
Specifications (Turmo IIIC<sub>7</sub>)
See also
References
Further reading
External links