Trutnov (; ) is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 30,000 inhabitants. The town is situated in a hilly landscape on the ÃÂpa River. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Trutnov was a dowry town of the Bohemian queens. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Trutnov consists of 21 municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
The urban core is formed by DolnàPà ÂedmÃÂstÃÂ, DolnàStaré MÃÂsto, HornàPà ÂedmÃÂstÃÂ, HornàStaré MÃÂsto, Kryblice, Stà ÂednàPà ÂedmÃÂstàand Vnità ÂnàMÃÂsto.
Both the German name Trautenau and the Czech name Trutnov are derived from the Old German truten ouwe, which meant "cute floodplain".
Trutnov is located about north of Hradec Králové. A negligible part of the municipal territory borders Poland. Most of the territory of Trutnov lies in the Giant Mountains Foothills, but it also extends to the Broumov Highlands on the east and a small northern part extends into the Giant Mountains. The highest point is a contour line on the slopes of the Dvorský les Mountain at above sea level. The town proper is situated in the valley of the ÃÂpa River.
The first written mention of Trutnov is from 1260. It was founded around 1250 by the à  vábenský of à  vábenice noble family and originally named ÃÂpa after the eponymous river. In 1301, King Wenceslaus II bought the whole area, already called Trutnov. From 1400 to 1599, Trutnov was a dowry town of the Bohemian queens. In 1421, the town was captured by Jan à ½ià ¾ka during the Hussite Wars.
Trutnov was the site of the Battle of Trautenau in 1866 during the Austro-Prussian War.
During the World War II, the German occupiers operated three forced labour camps for Jewish women, located in HornàStaré MÃÂsto, Poà ÂÃÂÃÂàand LibeÃÂ, which all became subcamps of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp in March 1944, and a forced labour subcamp of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp for Allied POWs in LibeÃÂ. After the war, the remaining German population was expelled in 1945 in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement.
The largest employers based in the town are Vitesco Technologies Czech Republic and Tyco Electronics EC Trutnov, both manufacturers of electrical equipment for automotive industry with more than 1,000 employees. The largest non-industrial employer is the Trutnov hospital.
The Krakonoà ¡ Brewery was founded in 1582 and is one of the oldest breweries in the country.
Trutnov is the terminus of an interregional railway line from Prague. There are also railway lines heading from Trutnov to KolÃÂn and VrchlabÃÂ.
The ice hockey team HC Trutnov is based in the town.
There is a slalom course on the ÃÂpa River in Trutnov. The Trutnovské slalomy competition is held here every year since 1965.
Trutnov has hosted the Trutnov Open Air Music Festival since 1990 and, since 1999, has hosted the Obscene Extreme metal festival.
The historic core comprises the area of Vnità ÂnàMÃÂsto part of Trutnov, with the square Krakonoà ¡ovo námÃÂstàin its centre. The area was delimited by town walls in the 14th century. Their fragments are preserved to this day. The main landmark of the square is the neo-Gothic Old Town Hall, nowadays the tourist information centre. In the middle of the square are a statue of Joseph II, a stone fountain with a statue of Krakonoà ¡, and the Baroque Holy Trinity Column from 1704.
The most valuable buildings of Trutnov are the three churches. The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary is a Neoclassical building with late Baroque elements, built in 1756âÂÂ1782. The Church of Saint Wenceslaus in HornàStaré MÃÂsto part of Trutnov was first documented already in 1313. In 1581, it was rebuilt in the Renaissance style, and the tower was added. The Church of Saints Peter and Paul is located in Poà ÂÃÂÃÂàand was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1897âÂÂ1903.
The Bohuslav Martinà ¯ Concert Hall, named in honour of Bohuslav Martinà ¯, is located in the former Lutheran church. The church was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1900.
Trutnov is twinned with: