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Tonicia

Tonicia is a genus of chitons in the subfamily Toniciinae of the family Chitonidae.

The genus was recently restricted to include only 12 New World species, with the more species-rich and exclusively Old World subgenus Lucilina Dall, 1882, being elevated to a separate genus. Of these 12, ten species are found in the eastern Pacific, one in the Magellan province (southern Chile, Argentina and Falkland Islands) and one in the Caribbean Sea (Florida to Barbados).

However, a study published in 2019 which used molecular systematics to compare the eastern Pacific Tonicia species suggested that there are only 9 extant species in the eastern Pacific.

Species

Synonyms

  • Tonicia atrata <small>Hutton, 1880</small>: synonym of Plaxiphora (Plaxiphora) aurata <small>(Spalowsky, 1795)</small> represented as Plaxiphora aurata <small>(Spalowsky, 1795)</small> (invalid: junior homonym of Tonicia atrata <small>(G.B. Sowerby II, 1840)</small>; Tonicia subatrata <small>Pilsbry, 1893</small> is a replacement name)
  • Tonicia boetica <small>Pilsbry, 1893</small>: synonym of Tonicia atrata <small>(G. B. Sowerby II, 1840)</small>
  • Tonicia calbucensis <small>Plate, 1898</small>: synonym of Tonicia lebruni <small>Rochebrune, 1884</small>: synonym of Tonicia argyrosticta <small>(Philippi, 1845)</small>
  • Tonicia atrata <small>Hutton, 1880</small>: synonym of Plaxiphora (Plaxiphora) aurata <small>(Spalowsky, 1795)</small> represented as Plaxiphora aurata <small>(Spalowsky, 1795)</small> (invalid: junior homonym of Tonicia atrata <small>(G.B. Sowerby II, 1840)</small>; Tonicia subatrata <small>Pilsbry, 1893</small> is a replacement name)
  • Tonicia boetica <small>Pilsbry, 1893</small>: synonym of Tonicia atrata <small>(G. B. Sowerby II, 1840)</small>
  • Tonicia elegans <small>Frembly, 1827</small>: synonym of Tonicia chilensis <small>(Frembly, 1827)</small>
  • Tonicia fastigiata <small>(G. B. Sowerby II, 1840)</small>: synonym of Tonicia atrata <small>(G. B. Sowerby II, 1840)</small>
  • Tonicia fontainei <small>Rochebrune, 1882</small>: synonym of Ischnochiton punctulatissimus <small>(G. B. Sowerby I, 1832)</small>
  • Tonicia fremblyana <small>, 1956</small>: synonym of Tonicia chilensis <small>(Frembly, 1827)</small>
  • Tonicia gambiensis <small>Rochebrune, 1881</small>: synonym of Chaetopleura (Chaetopleura) gambiensis <small>(Rochebrune, 1881)</small> represented as Chaetopleura gambiensis <small>(Rochebrune, 1881)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia gaudichaudi <small>Rochebrune, 1884</small>: synonym of Ischnochiton punctulatissimus <small>(G. B. Sowerby I, 1832)</small>
  • Tonicia greyi <small>Filhol, 1880</small>: synonym of Ischnochiton circumvallatus <small>(Reeve, 1847)</small>
  • Tonicia hullianus Torr, 1911: synonym of Lucilina hulliana (Torr, 1911) (original combination)
  • Tonicia indica <small>Leloup, 1981</small>: synonym of Tonicia (Lucilina) carnosa <small>Kaas, 1979</small>: synonym of Lucilina carnosa <small>(Kaas, 1979)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia jugosulcata <small>Pilsbry, 1893</small>: synonym of Lucilina truncata <small>(G. B. Sowerby II, 1841)</small>
  • Tonicia lebruni <small>de Rochebrune, 1884</small>: synonym of Tonicia argyrosticta <small>(Philippi, 1845)</small>
  • Tonicia martiali <small>Rochebrune in Rochebrune & Mabille, 1889</small>: synonym of Nuttallochiton martiali <small>(Rochebrune, 1889)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia mixta <small>Dall, 1919</small>: synonym of Chaetopleura (Pallochiton) lanuginosa mixta <small>(Dall, 1919)</small> represented as Chaetopleura lanuginosa mixta <small>(Dall, 1919)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia novemrugata <small>Bergenhayn, 1930</small>: synonym of Lucilina novemrugata <small>(Bergenhayn, 1930)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia pectinoides <small>Sykes, 1903</small>: synonym of Lucilina pectinoides <small>(Sykes, 1903)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia perligera <small>(Thiele, 1909)</small>: synonym of Lucilina perligera <small>Thiele, 1909</small> (incorrect placement)
  • Tonicia polyomma <small>Bergenhayn, 1932</small>: synonym of Lucilina polyomma <small>(Bergenhayn, 1932)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia prashadi <small>Leloup, 1937</small>: synonym of Tonicia pectinoides <small>Sykes, 1903</small>: synonym of Lucilina pectinoides <small>(Sykes, 1903)</small>
  • Tonicia ptygmata <small>Rochebrune, 1884</small>: synonym of Lucilina sueziensis <small>(Reeve, 1847)</small>
  • Tonicia reticulata <small>Nierstrasz, 1905</small>: synonym of Lucilina reticulata <small>(Nierstrasz, 1905)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia rubiginosa <small>F. W. Hutton, 1872:</small> synonym of Notoplax rubiginosa <small>(F. W. Hutton, 1872)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia sowerbyi <small>Nierstrasz, 1905</small>: synonym of Lucilina sowerbyi <small>(Nierstrasz, 1905)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia subatrata <small>Pilsbry, 1893</small>: synonym of Plaxiphora (Plaxiphora) aurata <small>(Spalowsky, 1795)</small> represented as Plaxiphora aurata <small>(Spalowsky, 1795)</small>
  • Tonicia suezensis ; auct.: synonym of Lucilina sueziensis <small>(Reeve, 1847)</small> (incorrect spelling)
  • Tonicia tydemani <small>Nierstrasz, 1905</small>: synonym of Lucilina tydemani <small>(Nierstrasz, 1905)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia variegata <small>Nierstrasz, 1905</small>: synonym of Lucilina variegata <small>(Nierstrasz, 1905)</small> (original combination)
  • Tonicia zigzag <small>Hutton, 1872</small>: synonym of Plaxiphora caelata <small>(Reeve, 1847)</small>

References

External links