Timeline of Shanghai

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Shanghai in China.

Prior to 1800

• 5th-7th c. CE - Fishing village develops where Suzhou Creek enters the Huangpu River.
• 751 CE - Area becomes part of Huating county.
• 976 CE - Longhua Temple rebuilt.
• 12th c. - Market town develops.
• 1216 - Jing'an Temple built.
• 1292 - Town becomes county seat.
• 1294 - Wen Miao (temple) active.
• 1554 - City walls constructed.
• 1732 - Customs office relocated to Shanghai from Songjiang.
• 1780 - Yu Garden opens.
• 1789 - Guyi Garden becomes communal property.

1800-1900

• 1842
• 19 June: Shanghai taken by British forces.
• Shanghai opens to foreigners per Treaty of Nanking.
• 1843 Captain George Balfour appointed British consul.
• 1845
• David Sassoon & Sons in business.
• British settlement established on outskirts of Old City.
• 1846 - Richards' Hotel and Restaurant in business.
• 1849 - French Concession granted.
• 1850
• North-China Herald newspaper begins publication.
• Collège Saint Ignace founded.
• 1851 - Jardine, Matheson & Co. branch built.
• 1853
• Small Swords Society occupies Old City.
• April: Shanghai Volunteer Corps organized.
• 1854
• Imperial Maritime Custom Offices installed.
• Shanghai Municipal Council formed by westerners.
• 1855 - Shanghai Race Club founded.
• 1856 - Wills' Bridge constructed.
• 1857 - Royal Asiatic Society North-China Branch established.
• 1859 - Astor House Hotel in business.
• 1860
• August: Taiping rebels unsuccessfully attempt to take city.
• New Northern Gate built into city wall.
• 1861
• Battle of Shanghai (1861).
• Correspondent's Club formed by British residents.
• 1862
• American settlement established.
• Saint Joseph's Church consecrated.
• 1863 - Hongkou becomes part of American Concession.
• 1865
• Kiangnan Arsenal and Long Men College established.
• Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation branch opens.
• British Supreme Court for China established.
• Gas lighting introduced.
• 1866 - Butterfield & Swire in business.
• 1868 - Musee de Zikawei founded.
• 1869 - Holy Trinity Church consecrated; designed by George Gilbert Scott.
• 1871 - August: Typhoon.
• 1872 - Shen Bao newspaper begins publication.
• 1874
• Rickshaws introduced.
• Natural history museum established by Royal Asiatic Society North-China Branch.
• 1876 - Woosung Railway begins operating.
• 1881 - Population: 302,767.
• 1882
• Jade Buddha Temple founded.
• Electricity introduced.
• 1884 - Dianshizhai-huabao (magazine) begins publication.
• 1889 - Ostasiatischer Lloyd newspaper begins publication.
• 1895 - Population: 411,753.
• 1896 - Nanyang Public School and Consulate-General of Russia in Shanghai established.
• 1897
• April: wheelbarrow riots
• 22 June: British nationals conduct jubilee events.
• 1898
• Songhu Railway begins operating.
• Bubbling Well cemetery established.

1900-2000

1900s

• 1901 - Hardoon & Company in business.
• 1905 - Kiangnan Shipyard and Fudan College established.
• 1907 - Waibaidu Bridge constructed.
• 1908
• Nanjing-Shanghai Railway, Shanghai South railway station, Palace Hotel, and New Stage built.
• Electric tram begins operating.
• Art exhibit held in Shanghai Mutual Telephone Company building.
• Hongkou cinema opens.
• 1909
• Shanghai railway station and Shanghai Industrial College established.
• Shanghai–Hangzhou Railway begins operating.
• New gates built into city wall.

1910s

• 1910
• St. Ignatius Cathedral and Shanghai Club Building constructed.
• Shanghai Oil Painting Institute, and Eastern City Women's Art School founded.
• 1912 - Old City walls dismantled.
• 1913 - Shanghai Art School, Women's Art and Embroidery Institute, and Xinmin Theater Research Society founded.
• 1914 - Trolleybus begins operating along Fokein Road.
• 1916 - Asia Building and Union Building constructed on The Bund.
• 1917
• Millard's Review of the Far East begins publication.
• Sincere Department Store branch in business.

1920s

• 1920 - Shanghai Mint established.
• 1921
• July: Chinese Communist Party founded during meeting in Xintiandi.
• Mingxing Film Company founded.
• 1923
• Hongqiao Airport in operation.
• Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation building constructed.
• 1924 - General Post Office Building and North China Daily News Building constructed.
• 1925
• 30 May: Protest quashed; May Thirtieth Movement launched.
• Shanghai East Library opens.
• Tianyi Film Company in business.
• Institute of Chartered Accountants organized.
• 1927
• Shanghai Commune of 1927 active.
• 12 April: Shanghai massacre of 1927.
• 7 July: Huang Fu becomes mayor.
• Shanghai Conservatory of Music founded.
• Customs House, Zhapu Road Bridge, and Ohel Moishe Synagogue built.
• City becomes a special municipality.
• 1928 - Fahua District becomes part of city.
• 1929
• Chang Ch'ün becomes mayor.
• Shanghai Stock Exchange formed.
• Xinmin Po and Shanghai Evening Post & Mercury newspapers begin publication.
• Sassoon House built.

1930s

• 1930 - Nanking Theatre founded.
• 1932
• January 28 Incident
• January: Wu Tiecheng becomes mayor.
• Grand Theatre rebuilt.
• 1933 - Paramount Ballroom opens.
• 1934 - Shanghai Joint Savings Society Building constructed.
• 1935
• EWO Brewery Ltd. in business.
• Sheshan Basilica and Broadway Mansions built.
• 1937
• April: Yu Hung-Chun becomes mayor.
• 13 August - 26 November: Battle of Shanghai; Japanese occupation begins.
• 26 October - 1 November: Defense of Sihang Warehouse.
• Bank of China Building constructed.
• 1938 - Wen Hui Bao newspaper begins publication.
• 1939 - Shanghai Jewish Chronicle begins publication.

1940s

• 1940 - November: Chen Gongbo becomes mayor.
• 1943 - British and American concessions end.
• 1944 - December: Zhou Fohai becomes mayor.
• 1945
• Japanese occupation ends.
• August: K. C. Wu becomes mayor.
• City divided into 30 administrative districts.
• Shanghai Theatre Academy established.
• 1946 - French concession ends.
• 1947 – Constitution of the Republic of China passes.
• 1949
• Rao Shushi becomes Shanghai Party Committee Secretary.
• May: Chen Yi becomes mayor.
• May–June: Shanghai Campaign.
• Jiefang Daily newspaper begins publication.
• Shanghai Film Studio founded.
• October: Proclamation of the People's Republic of China.
• Shanghai residents find refuge on the island of Taiwan with some fleeing to Hong Kong.

1950s

• 1950
• Chen Yi becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• Shanghai Women's Federation founded.
• 1951 - Shanghai Shenhua Football Club formed.
• 1952 - Shanghai Museum, Shanghai Banking School, and Shanghai Chinese Orchestra founded.
• 1953 - Population: 6,204,417.
• 1954
• Ke Qingshi becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• Shanghai Zoo and Shanghai Teachers Training College established.
• Jing'an Park developed.
• 1955
• Shanghai Exhibition Centre completed
• Hongkou Stadium opens.
• Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Components Company in business.
• 1956 - Shanghai Natural History Museum established.
• 1958
• Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences founded.
• Ke Qingshi becomes mayor.
• Baoshan, Fengxian, Jiadang, Jinshan, Qingpu, Songjiang districts and Chongming County become part of city.
• 1959 - Drunken Bai Garden opens.

1960s

• 1960 - Shanghai Institute of Foreign Languages established.
• 1961 - Yu Garden opens.
• 1964 - Population: 10,816,500.
• 1965
• Chen Pixian becomes CPC Party chief.
• Cao Diqiu becomes mayor.
• Cucumber Lane renovated.
• 1966 - Cultural Revolution begins.
• 1967
• Shanghai People's Commune active.
• Zhang Chunqiao becomes mayor.

1970s

• 1970
• One Strike-Three Anti Campaign.
• Population: 10,820,000.
• 1971 - Zhang Chunqiao becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• 1972 - Richard Nixon visits city.
• 1974 - Shanghai Botanical Garden established.
• 1976 - Su Zhenhua becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• 1978 - Shanghai Translation Publishing House founded.
• 1979
• Peng Chong becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• Sister city relationship established with San Francisco, USA.

1980s

• 1980
• Shanghai Bar Association founded.
• Chen Guodong becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• 1981 - Wang Daohan becomes mayor.
• 1982 - Population: 6,292,960 city; 11,859,700 (urban agglomeration).
• 1983 - Shanghai History & Cultural Relics Showroom opens.
• 1984 - Shanghai University of Political Science and Law founded.
• 1985
• Rui Xingwen becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• Jiang Zemin becomes mayor.
• Shanghai Daoist Association established.
• Wenhui Book Review begins publication.
• 1987 - Jiang Zemin becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• 1988
• Zhu Rongji becomes mayor.
• Jin Jiang Tower built.
• 1989
• Protests.
• Zhu Rongji becomes Party Committee Secretary.

1990s

• 1990 - Population: 13,341,900.
• 1991
• Nanpu Bridge and Yangpu Bridge open.
• Wu Bangguo becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• Huang Ju becomes mayor.
• The Chinese Republic on Taiwan unofficially abandoned the claims to Shanghai after amending the constitution.
• 1992 - Shanghai Star newspaper begins publication.
• 1993
• Pudong Special Economic Zone established.
• Shanghai Metro begins operation.
• Shanghai International Film Festival begins.
• 1994
• Huang Ju becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• Oriental Pearl Tower constructed in Lujiazui.
• Australian Chamber of Commerce Shanghai established.
• 1995
• Xu Kuangdi becomes mayor.
• Dajing Ge Pavilion museum opens (approximate date).
• 1996
• Shanghai Library building opens.
• Shanghai Biennale art exhibit begins.
• Yan'an Elevated Road and King Tower built.
• Canadian Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai established.
• 1997 - Xupu Bridge opens.
• 1998
• Shanghai Grand Theatre opens.
• Jin Mao Tower, Shanghai Sen Mao International Building, Shanghai Futures Building, and Lippo Plaza built.
• 1999
• Shanghai Pudong International Airport begins operating.
• Shanghai Century Publishing Group established.
• Shanghai Daily newspaper begins publication.
• Shanghai public transport card launched.
• 2000
• International Ocean Shipping Building, World Finance Tower, and Bank of China Tower constructed.
• Fireworks Festival begins.
• Population: 16,407,700.

21st century

2000s

• 2001
• Chen Liangyu becomes mayor.
• Plaza 66 and Pudong International Information Port built.
• Shanghai Film Group Corporation in business.
• Benelux Business Association established.
• 2002
• Chen Liangyu becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• Shanghai Ocean Aquarium and Super Brand Mall open.
• Shanghai Fashion Week begins.
• Shanghai Golden Eagles baseball team formed.
• 2003
• Han Zheng becomes mayor.
• Lupu Bridge opens.
• Tomorrow Square, Shanghai Dong Hai Plaza, Aurora Plaza, and Raffles Square built.
• Nanhui New City construction begins.
• 2004
• Shanghai Maglev Train begins operating.
• Shanghai Railway Museum and Shanghai International Circuit open.
• Chinese Grand Prix begins.
• 2005
• Shanghai Institute of Visual Art and Shanghai City Symphonic Orchestra established.
• Donghai Bridge, Shimao International Plaza, Grand Gateway Shanghai, Longemont Shanghai, Citigroup Tower, and Bank of Shanghai Headquarters built.
• Shanghai Oriental Art Center and Qi Zhong Stadium inaugurated.
• 2006
• Han Zheng becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• Shanghai pension scandal.
• Island6 Art Center opens.
• Chenghuang Miao (temple) restored.
• PLA Unit 61398 active (approximate date).
• 2007
• Xi Jinping becomes Party Committee Secretary, succeeded by Yu Zhengsheng.
• Oasis Skyway Garden Hotel built.
• 2008 - Shanghai World Financial Center, One Lujiazui, and Zhongrong Jasper Tower built.
• 2009
• Shanghai Pride begins.
• Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge and Happy Valley (amusement park) open.
• Shanghai Masters tennis tournament held.

2010s

• 2010
• Expo 2010 Shanghai China (world expo) held.
• Shanghai Arena opens.
• Minpu Bridge and Shanghai Wheelock Square built.
• 15 November: Fire on Jiaozhou Road, Jing'an District.
• Population: 23,019,148.
• 2011
• Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway begins operating.
• Huamin King Tower built.
• 2012
• November: Han Zheng becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• December: Yang Xiong becomes mayor.
• Power Station of Art opens.
• Turkish Chamber of Commerce established.
• 2014
• 31 December: 2014 Shanghai stampede
• 2016
• June 16: Shanghai Disneyland Park opened.
• 2017
• 26 April : Shanghai Tower officially opened its sightseeing deck to the public.
• 10 June: Protest against changes to housing regulations by the municipal authorities on Nanjing Road

See also

• History of Shanghai
• List of historic buildings in Shanghai
• List of administrative divisions of Shanghai
• List of township-level divisions of Shanghai
• List of Shanghai Metro stations
• List of universities and colleges in Shanghai
• Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Shanghai)
• List of economic and technological development zones in Shanghai
• Urbanization in China

References

Bibliography

Published in the 19th century

Published in the 20th century

• David Fraser, “Inventing Oasis: Luxury Housing Advertisements and Reconfiguring Domestic Space in Shanghai,” chapter 2 in The Consumer Revolution in Urban China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000) 25-53.

Published in the 21st century

2000s

• Piper Gaubatz, “Globalization and the Development of New Central Business Districts in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou,” chapter 6 in Restructuring the Chinese City: Changing Society, Economy and Space (New York: Routledge, 2005) 98-121.

2010s

External links

• Items related to Shanghai, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).