The history of Mumbai can be traced back to 600 BC, with evidence of the first known settlement of the Harrappan civilization discovered in the region.
Up to 18th century
- 600 BC â First known permanent settlement were the Marathi speaking Koli & Agri community.
- 200 BC - Gharapuri (Elephanta Caves) first occupied by Hinayana Buddhists who raised a large stupa to the Buddha with seven smaller stupas around it
- 300 BC â Part of Maurya Empire.
- 400 BC -The Kondivite Caves are a group of 19 rock-cut monuments built between 4th century BCE and 6th century CE
- The Kanheri Caves contain Buddhist sculptures and relief carvings, paintings and inscriptions, dating from the 1st century CE to the 10th century CE. Kanheri comes from the Sanskrit Krishnagiri, which means "black mountain". Kanheri was a university center by the time the area was under the rule of the Maurayan and Kushan empires.
- 500 - Magathane Caves
- 500 - The Gharapuri () Hindu caves.
- 600 - The Jogeshwari Caves are some of the earliest Hindu cave temples and sculptures located in Mumbai.
- 600 - Parel Shiva
- 600 - Mandapeshwar Caves
- 800 â Part of Shilahara.The Walkeshwar Temple and the Banganga Tank were built during the reign of Chittaraja, a king of this dynasty. and Kopineshwar Mandir, a Shiva temple in Thane. The Mandapeshwar Caves is an 8th century rock-cut shrine dedicated to Hindu deity Shiva and is located in Borivali, a suburb of Mumbai.
- 1343 â Part of the Gujarat Sultanate
- 1431 â Haji Ali Dargah built.
- 1508 â Francisco de Almeida sailed into the deep natural harbour.
- 1534 â City ceded to the Portuguese.
- 1661 â Portuguese Princess Catherine of Braganza brings Bom Bahia to King Charles II of England as part of her marriage dowry.
- 1668/1669 â East India Company leased the seven islands of Mumbai from Charles II
- 1670 â First printing press imported to Mumbai by Hindu businessman from Surat Bhimjee Parikh
- 1672 â Consecration of the first Tower of Silence and first Fire temple (Hirji Vachha Agiary, now defunct)
- 1675 â Population estimated to have risen to 60,000 from 100,000 in 1661.
- 1675 â The Mumba Devi Temple built near the main landing site on the former Bori Bunder creek or inlet, against the north wall of the English Fort Saint George.
- 1709 â First attested private Parsi Adaran (in the home of Banaji Limji). Continues to be the oldest continuously-burning Zoroastrian fire in Mumbai (now in the Banaji Limji Agiary, Fort).
- 1735 â Start of shipbuilding industry (Wadia docks, Duncan docks)
- 1750 â Asia's first dry dock built by Lovji Nusserwanjee Wadia in Mumbai.
- 1777 â First newspaper published in Mumbai by Rustom Kersaspjere.
19th century
20th century
- 1900 â By this year, 45 trains of Western Railway in each direction were carrying over one million passengers annually.
- 1908 â Franciscan Missionary Brothers, a German Missionary established St Francis D'Assisi High School in Borivali, west suburbs of Bombay, India.
- 1911 â King George V and Queen Mary visit Bombay. Gateway of India is built to commemorate their arrival.
- 1912 â King George English School, Dadar, Mumbai was established, now known as Raja Shivaji Vidyasankul, Dadar, Mumbai
- 1913 â Sydenham College established. The First College of Commerce in Asia.
- 12 January 1915 â Gandhi returns to India from South Africa at Bombay.
- 1920 â Half of Bombay [ Arthur road (Chinchpokli West) to Kalachauki (cotton green station), sewri station- Bharatmata (Lalbaug) ] united in Chinchpokli to celebrate Ganesh Festival. People came from all over Bombay to Chinchpokli in Ganesh Festival.
- 22 January 1926 â King Edward Memorial Hospital inaugurated.
- 15 July 1926 â First motorised bus ran between Afghan Church and Crawford Market.
- 1928 â The first electric train runs between Churchgate and Borivali.
- 1930 â Mumbai Cricket Association established.
- 15 October 1932 â J. R. D. Tata flew from Karachi to Mumbai via Ahmedabad landing on a grass strip at Juhu paving the way for civil aviation in India.
- 1 October 1933 â UDCT established. First institute dedicated to research in Chemical Engineering in India.
- 1934 â Congress Socialist Party founded.
- 1940 â reclamation of land that will become Nariman Point begins.
- 8 August 1942 â Quit India Movement declaration passed at Gowalia Tank Maidan.
- 14 April 1944 â Mumbai Harbour Explosion kills scores of people and hurls debris up to 3 km away.
- 1947 â Progressive Artists' Group founded.
- 1958 â IIT Bombay established in Powai.
- 1960 â "Flora Fountain incident": 105 Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti demonstrators killed in altercation with the police
- 1 May 1960 â Bombay becomes the capital of newly formed Marathi-state Maharashtra.
- 31 March 1964 â Last tram made its journey from Bori Bundar to Dadar.
- 1982 January â Great Bombay Textile Strike started, by mill workers of Mumbai, under trade union leader Dutta Samant.
- December 1992 â January 1993 â Over 2000 people killed in Hindu-Muslim communal riots following the Babri Masjid destruction.
- 1993 â Serial bomb blasts across Mumbai, masterminded by underworld don Dawood Ibrahim, kill 300 and injure hundreds more.
- 1995 â Bombay renamed Mumbai. Subsequently, University of Bombay renamed to University of Mumbai. http://library.thinkquest.org/C0123001/viewer.php?topic=Centres%20of%20Civilization&subtopic=Mumbai%20%20-%20India&lang=
21st century
See also
References
External links