The following is a of the history of the city and metropolitan area of Manila, the capital city of the Philippines.
9th century onwards
- c. 900 CE - Tundun (Tondo) was at its peak and was a center of commerce and trade of the Tagalogs. It was during this era that the Chief and Commander of Tundun issued the Laguna Copperplate Inscription to Namwaran's clan on 21 April 900 CE.
- before the 11th century - Namayan was established by the Tagalog people at the Pasig River. It was led by the house of Lakantagkan during its peak in the 14th century.
- c. 13th Century - Maynila was supposedly founded by Avirjirkaya which spanned present day Intramuros according to Kapampangan historian Mariano A. Henson.
- Uncertain timestamp - Empress Sasanban became the Queen Regent of Namayan. According to oral tradition, she was a concubine of Anka Widyaya of Java and bore a child named Prince Balagtas
- Uncertain timestamp - the Tagalog and Kapampangan-fortified city of Cainta was established on an upriver area which occupied the shores on both sides of a waterway of the Pasig River. It was located not far from where the Pasig River meets the Lake of Ba-i.
- 15th century - Gat Lontok and Dayang Kalangitan became the co-rulers of Pasig.
- c.1480 - Salalila became the Rajah of Maynila.
- 1521 - Sibunao became the Lakandula of Tondo and Prince Ache became Rajah of Maynila.
16th century
18th -19th century
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1901
- The City of Manila administrative entity was created, composed of Binondo, Ermita, Intramuros, Malate, Pandacan, Quiapo, Santa Cruz, Barrio San Nicolas, San Miguel, San Fernando de Dilao (modern day Paco), Sampaloc and Tondo.
- The capital of the Philippines was relocated to Manila from Malolos.
- Arsenio Cruz-Herrera became mayor.
- The National Museum of the Philippines was established.
- The Philippine Normal University was established.
- The United States military camp, Fort William McKinley was established near the city.
- The Philippine Constabulary was established and the general headquarters and military camp bases were located in the capital city.
- The Philippine Scouts was established and the general headquarters and military camp bases were located near the capital city.
- 1902 -
- Manila's border was expanded to include Santa Ana de Sapa.
- The Manila Grand Opera House opened in Santa Cruz.
- 1903
- Population: 219,928 city; 330,345 metro.
- Trozo Fire in Manila (May 1903)
- 1905
- The Manila Elks Club was established.
- Félix Roxas became mayor.
- 1908
- The University of the Philippines Manila was founded.
- The famous Manila Carnival was held for the first time.
- 1909 - The Philippine Library was established.
- 1910
- Basketball, volleyball, and boy scouting were started in the Philippines at the Manila YMCA by YMCA Physical Director Elwood Stanley Brown.
- The "Great Fire in Manila" transpired in Binondo, the damage was worth over two million pesos.
- 1911 - De La Salle College, known as De La Salle University was founded.
- 1912 - The Manila Hotel opened.
- 1913
- The first Far Eastern Championship Games, also called "the first Oriental Olympic Games," were held at the Carnival grounds (later the site of the Rizal Memorial Sports Stadium) in Malate, on the 3rd to the 7th of February, with participants from the US Philippine Islands, China, Japan, the British East Indies (Malaya), Thailand, and British Hong Kong.
- The Rizal Monument was erected.
- 1917 - Justo Lukban became mayor.
- 1918 - Population: 285,306 city; 469,955 metro.
- 1919 - The United States Air Service established Camp Nichols near Fort William McKinley, just south of Manila.
- 1920 - Ramón Fernández became mayor.
- 1923 - The Peking Council, Tokyo Council and the Manila Council - the first Boy Scouts of America Councils in Asia, were organized. (The 1973 Golden Jubilee Jamboree of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines was dated from this year.)
- 1924 - Miguel Romuáldez became mayor.
- 1926 - The Legislative Building was inaugurated in Ermita.
- 1927 - Tomás Earnshaw became mayor.
- 1928 - The Institute of Accountancy, which later became the Far Eastern University, was founded in Sampaloc by Nicanor Reyes et al.
- 1930 - The Legazpi-Urdaneta Monument was erected.
- 1935
- Metropolitan Theater was built.
- Valeriano Fugoso became mayor.
- Grace Park Airfield began its operation in Caloocan.
- The city became the capital of the newly-formed Commonwealth of the Philippines.
- The Philippine Commonwealth Army was established and the general headquarters and military camp bases were established in the capital city.
- 1939 - Population: 623,492.
- 1941
- The City of Greater Manila was formed, which merged the city and municipal governments of Manila, Quezon City, Caloocan, Makati, Mandaluyong, Parañaque, Pasay, and San Juan.
- Jorge B. Vargas became mayor.
- The Manila City Hall was completed.
- The Philippine Commonwealth Army's general headquarters and camp base in the city's capital were disestablished, and was occupied by the Japanese Imperial forces.
- 1942
- The Japanese occupation began.
- León G. Guinto, Sr. became mayor.
- The general headquarters and military camp bases of the Philippine Commonwealth Army were moved to the provinces.
- 1945
- February: The Manila massacre initiated by the Japanese forces transpired.
- 3 February - 3 March: The World War II Battle of Manila (1945) ensued; the Japanese forces were defeated.
- 1 August: The City of Greater Manila was disestablished.
- Juan L. Nolasco became mayor.
- The General Headquarters and military camp bases of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and the Philippine Constabulary was re-established and reactivated in the city's capital after liberation from the Japanese.
- 1946 - The city became part of the newly inaugurated Third Republic of the Philippines.
- 1947 - The Republic Theatre opened.
- 1948
- The capital of the Philippines was relocated from Manila to Quezon City.
- Manuel A. Roxas High School was established in Paco.
- Manuel de la Fuente became mayor.
- Population: 983,906 city; 1,569,148 metro.
- The Manila American Cemetery and Memorial was established near the city.
- 1949 - 18 June: City legislative districts for House of Representatives of the Philippines was expanded from two to four.
1950s-1990s
- 1952
- Arsenio Lacson became mayor.
- National Press Club established their headquarters in the city.
- 1954 - Holy Child Catholic School opened in Tondo.
- 1959 - The Ramon Magsaysay High School was established in España, Manila.
- 1960
- The Araneta Coliseum opened in Quezon City.
- Population: 1,138,611 city; 2,462,288 metro.
- 1961 - The new terminal of Manila Airport opened.
- 1962 - Antonio Villegas became mayor.
- 1966 - The Cultural Center of the Philippines was founded.
- 24-25 October: Manila Summit Conference.
- 1970
- Zone One Tondo Organization was established.
- Population: 1,330,788 city; 3,966,685 metro.
- 1971 - Ramon Bagatsing became mayor.
- 21 August: Plaza Miranda Bombing.
- 1973 - Some 3000 Boy Scouts camped out and conducted a massive clean-up of Intramuros, from the 9th to the 11th of February.
- 1974 - Miss Universe 1974 pageant was held.
- 1975
- 1 October: Thrilla in Manila.
- Metropolitan Manila Commission was created to administer not just the city of Manila but also Caloocan, Mandaluyong, Makati, Malabon, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Pasay, Pasig, Las Piñas, Parañaque, Pateros, Quezon City, San Juan, San Pedro, Taguig, and Valenzuela.
- The Metro Manila Film Festival was first held.
- Population: 1,479,116 city; 4,880,006 metro.
- 1976
- Capital of the Philippines was relocated to Manila from Quezon City.
- Philippine International Convention Center was built in Pasay.
- Ali Mall, the first shopping mall in the Philippines, opened in Quezon City.
- Harrison Plaza opened in Malate, Manila.
- 1979 - Sampaloc flea market was officially inaugurated.
- 1980 - Population: 5,924,563 metro.
- 1981
- Sister city relationship was established with San Francisco, USA.
- Catholic pope visited the city.
- 1982 - Metro Manila Commission for Squatters was established.
- 1983
- 21 August: Assassination of Benigno Aquino, Jr. at Manila International Airport.
- 31 August: Funeral procession of Benigno Aquino, Jr. passed by the capital from the Santo Domingo Church en route to Parañaque.
- 1984
- Manila Light Rail Transit System Line 1 began its operation.
- Population: 1,728,441 city; 6,720,050 urban agglomeration (estimate).
- 1985 - SM City North EDSA opened as the 1st SM Supermall.
- 1986
- February: People Power Revolution.
- May: Mel Lopez became mayor.
- 1987
- First Coup Attempt
- City legislative districts for the House of Representatives expanded to the present six.
- 1989 - Second Coup Attempt
- 1987 - January: Mendiola Massacre.
- 1992 - Alfredo Lim became mayor.
- 1993 - the Easter Regatta, later called the President's Cup Regatta, was held for the first time in Manila Bay
- 1994
- Museo Pambata opened in Ermita.
- 20 May: Miss Universe 1994 pageant was held.
- Population: 8,594,150 urban agglomeration (estimate).
- 1995
- Metropolitan Manila Development Authority was established.
- Catholic pope visited the city.
- 1996 - Ozone Disco fire
- 1998 - Lito Atienza became mayor.
- 1999 - Manila Metro Rail Transit System Line 3 began its operation.
- 2000
- 30 December: Rizal Day bombings.
- Green Papaya Art Projects was founded.
- Population: 1,581,082 city; 9,932,560 metro.
21st century
See also
References
Bibliography
Published in the 19th century
Published in the 20th century
- Edilberto De Jesus. 'Manila's first factories', Philippine Historical Review, 4 (1971)
- Daniel F. Doeppers. Manila, 1900-1941: Social change in a late colonial metropolis (New Haven: Yale University Southeast Asia Studies, 1984).
- Melinda Tria Kerkvliet, Manila workers' unions, 1900-1950 (Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1992).
- Xavier Huetz de Lemps. 'Shifts in meaning of "Manila" in the nineteenth century', in Old ties and new solidarities: Studies on Philippine communities, ed. C. J.-H. Macdonald and G. M. Pesigan (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2000)
Published in the 21st century
External links