The following is a of the history of the municipality of Maastricht, Netherlands.
Roman Period
- circa 10 BC - Construction of Roman main road from Cologne to the coast (').
- 1st half of 1st century AD - built; gradual development of settlement on both sides of the river Meuse.
- ca. 150 - Construction of Roman baths and walled sanctuary (with a 9-meter sculpted Jupiter column).
- ca. 270 - Destruction of Roman Maastricht by invading Germanic tribes.
- 333 - Roman (fortress) built.
- 384 - Death of Saint Servatius in Maastricht (traditional); establishment of Roman Catholic Diocese of Maastricht (uncertain; this may have happened in the 6th c. only).
Middle Ages
- ca. 570 - Bishop Monulph builds a large stone church on the grave of Saint Servatius.
- ca. 590-670 - At least twelve royal mint masters active in Maastricht.
- 595 - Childebert II in Maastricht.
- 667-670 - Childeric II in Maastricht.
- 690-695 - Clovis IV in Maastricht.
- ca. 700 - Murder of Lambert of Maastricht.
- 720 - Seat of the Maastricht diocese moved to Liège (traditional date; this may have happened later in the 8th/9th c.).
- late 8th/early 9th c. - Alcuin and Einhard (lay) abbots of Saint Servatius.
- 881 - by Vikings.
- 1001 - Reburial of Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine in the crypt of the church of Saint Servatius.
- 11th/12th c. - at its apogee; at least five successive provosts were chancellors of the Holy Roman Empire; collegiate churches of Saint Servatius and Our Lady renewed.
- 1204 - by Hugues de Pierrepont, prince-bishop of Liège, and Louis II, Count of Loon; established between Liège and Brabant.
- 1229 - Duke of Brabant gives permission to replace the (partly?) earthen defence works by a stone city wall.
- 1230 - Order of St Mary Magdalene ("white nuns") establish monastery in Maastricht (until 1796).
- 1234 - Franciscans establish a monastery in Maastricht (throughout the ages around existed in Maastricht, including Third Order monasteries).
- ca. 1240 - Hospital Brothers of St. Anthony establish monastery ('commandry') in Maastricht (until 1783).
- ca. 1250 - Dominicans and Augustinians establish monasteries in Maastricht (until 1796).
- 1251 - First mention of beguinage, later turned into several monasteries of Third Order Franciscan nuns and friars.
- 1275 - Roman bridge collapses during a procession; many drowned.
- 1280-98 - Sint Servaasbrug (bridge) built.
- 1282 - Teutonic Order establish a commandry in Maastricht (until 1796).
- mid-14th century - second medieval city wall built, enlarging the city surface by 400%.
- 1376 - first mention of , first a beguinage, later a monastery of Third Order Franciscan nuns.
- 1391 - First recorded instance of the seven-yearly Pilgrimage of the Relics.
- 1407/08 - by Liège rebels.
- 1438 - Crosier Monastery, Maastricht established (until 1796)
- ca. 1470 - Dinghuis courthouse built.
- 1476 - established, monastery of Third Order Franciscan nuns.
16thâÂÂ18th century
19th century
- 1805 - (now a theater) built in Vrijthof.
- 1811 - established (including ).
- 1815 - Maastricht becomes capital of the Province of Limburg, as part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.
- 1822 - Société des Amis des Sciences, Lettres et Arts founded (precursor of Limburg Historical and Antiquarian Society; see 1929).
- 1824 - Population: 20,271.
- 1826 - Zuid-Willemsvaart (canal), including (port) opened.
- 1834 - manufacturer of glass and pottery in business.
- 1837 - in use.
- 1838 - demolished.
- 1840 - built.
- 1850 - dug, parallel to Meuse. Many buildings on the riverside demolished, including
- 1851 - ' French-language newspaper begins publication.
- 1853 - begins operating.
- 1859 - rebuilt.
- 1861 - LiègeâÂÂMaastricht railway begins operating.
- 1863 - manufactory in business.
- 1865 - MaastrichtâÂÂVenlo railway begins operating.
- 1866 - Population: 28,495.
- 1867 - Maastricht taken off list of fortified cities. Medieval city wall and ring of outer fortifications largely dismantled between 1867 and circa 1920.
- 1877 - Population: 29,083.
- 1881 - Limburg headquartered in former .
- 1884 - Bonnefantenmuseum established (as a museum of archaeology and local history).
- 1886 - Courrier du Limbourg newspaper begins publication.
20th century
- 1940, 10 May - Battle of Maastricht; German occupation begins.
- 1942 - Most of Maastricht's more than 500 Jews deported and killed in German concentration and extermination camps.
- 1944, 13/14 September - : US troops of 30th Infantry Division ("Old Hickory") liberate the city.
- 1944/45 - Maastricht serves as 'rest center' for allied forces. Maastricht Aachen Airport begins operating.
- 1944, 7 December - Maastricht Meeting. Allied commanders Omar Bradley, Arthur Tedder, Dwight Eisenhower, Bernard Montgomery and William Hood Simpson meet in Maastricht to discuss further strategy.
- 1948 - Jan Van Eyck Academie established.
- 1950 - Maastricht Academy of Dramatic Arts established.
- 1959 - Maastricht Institute of Arts active.
- 1960 - Population: 90,202.
- 1961 - De Geusselt stadium built.
- 1962 - Maastricht Academy of Music established.
- 1968 - opens.
- 1970 - Annexation of Borgharen, Itteren, Amby and Heer, as well as parts of Meerssen, Bemelen and Gronsveld. The area of the municipality of Maastricht increases from 35 km<sup>2</sup> to 59 km<sup>2</sup> and its population from 93,500 to 112,500.
- 1973 - Museum aan het Vrijthof established.
- 1975 - The European Fine Art Fair (TEFAF) starts as Pictura Fine Art Fair in Eurohal Exhibition Centre.
- 1976 - Maastricht University opens.
- 1981 - First European Council in Maastricht.
- 1987 - Maastricht Randwyck railway station and Lumiere Cinema open.
- 1988 - TEFAF moves to MECC Maastricht; (Roman excavation site) opens.
- 1990 - Population: 117,008.
- 1991 - Academic Hospital Maastricht opens. 9/10 December: Second European Council in Maastricht.
- 1992 - 7 February: Maastricht Treaty signed in city; opens.
- 1995 - Bonnefantenmuseum moves to new building by Aldo Rossi in district.
- 1999 - (library and arts centre) opens.
21st century
See also
- Maastricht history
- List of mayors of Maastricht
- of other municipalities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Breda, Delft, Eindhoven, Groningen, Haarlem, The Hague, 's-Hertogenbosch, Leiden, Nijmegen, Rotterdam, Utrecht
References
This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
published in the 18th-19th century
published in the 20th century
published in the 21st century
in other languages
External links