Timeline of Herat

The following is a of the history of the city of Herat, Afghanistan.

Prior to 15th century

• 500 BCE - Persian town in Aria established (approximate date).
• 330 BCE - Artacoana captured by Alexander III of Macedon.
• 167 BCE - Town becomes part of the Parthian Empire.
• 127 BCE - Town becomes part of the Kushan Empire
• 642 CE - Siege of Herat; Arabs in power.
• 1042 - City besieged by Seljuq Tughril.
• 1064 - Alp Arslan in power.
• 1102 - Earthquake.
• 1157 - The city was destroyed by an irruption of the Ghuzz, the predecessors of the modern Turkomans.
• 1163 - Bobrinski Bucket produced in Herat.
• 1175 - Ghurids in power.
• 1197 - Conflict between blacksmiths' and coppersmiths' bazaars.
• 1201 - Construction of new Friday Mosque begins.
• 1221 - City sacked by Mongols.
• 1244 - Shams al-Din Kurt in power.
• 1300 - Herat Citadel reinforced.
• 1364 - Earthquake.
• 1380 - City taken by forces of Timur.

15th-19th centuries

• 1405 - Capital of Timurid dynasty relocated to Herat from Samarkand.
• 1410 - "Bazaars reconstructed."
• 1425 - Tomb of Khwaja 'Abd Allah Ansari built at Gazurgah (near city).
• 1438 - Gawhar Shad Mausoleum built.
• 1448 - Siege of Herat (1448).
• 1460s - "Royal Canal" built.
• 1469 - Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqarah in power.
• 1482 - Ikhlasiyya (educational and charitable complex) built outside city (approximate date).
• 1500 - Friday Mosque rebuilt.
• 1507 - Uzbek Muhammad Shaybani in power.
• 1510 - City taken by Safavid Shah Ismail; Shamlu Turkomans in power.
• 1528 - Safavid Shah Tahmasp in power.
• 1716 - Abdali Afghan revolt.
• 1729 - Nader Shah in power.
• 1732 - Afghan revolt suppressed.
• 1750 - City becomes part of the Durrani Empire.
• 1801 - City becomes independent.
• 1807
• July–August: City is besieged by Iran.
• 1818
• April: City incorporated into the Durrani Empire. Later that year the Durranis are kicked out of most of Afghanistan, Herat becomes their last stronghold.
• 1837
• 23 November: Siege of Herat by Persian forces begins.
• 1842
• Early 1842: Yar Muhammad Khan Alakozai deposes Kamran Shah and becomes the new ruler.
• 1851
• June 11: Sa'id Muhammad Khan in power.
• 1852
• March–May: City is briefly occupied by the Persians.
• 1855
• September 15: Muhammad Yusuf in power.
• 1856
• April: Persian siege of Herat begins.
• October 25: Persians take the city of Herat.
• 1857
• September: Persian control of city ends per Treaty of Paris; Sultan Jan installed as ruler of Herat.
• 1862
• 27 July: City is besieged by the Muhammadzais.
• 1863
• 26 May: City taken by forces of Dost Mohammad Khan.
• Mohammad Yaqub Khan in power.
• 1880 - Abd al-Rahman Khan in power.
• 1885 - Under the orders of the Amir, the Mosalla was destroyed.

20th century

• 1922 / 1301 SH - Solar Hijri calendar officially adopted in Afghanistan.
• 1925 - Herat National Museum established.
• 1947 - Radio Kabul transmissions begin to reach Herat (approximate date).
• 1960s - Kandahar-Herat highway constructed.
• 1973 - Population: 108,750.
• 1979
• March: Uprising.
• City bombed by Soviet forces.
• 1988 - Population: 177,300 (estimate).
• 1993 - Mines cleared.

21st century

• 2010 - Population: 410,700.
• 2016 - Population: 491,967.

See also

• List of governors of Herat province
• Khorasan
• of other cities in Afghanistan: Kabul

References

This article incorporates information from the Russian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

Published in 20th century

Published in 21st century

External links

• Map of Herāt and surroundings in 1942