Tigridia , is a genus of bulbous or cormous flowering plants belonging to the family Iridaceae. With common names including peacock flowers, tiger flowers, jaguar flowers, or shell flowers, they have large showy flowers; and one species, Tigridia pavonia, is often cultivated for this. The approximately 60 species in this family grow in the Americas, from Mexico down to Chile.
The tigridia flower is short lived, each often blooming for only one day, but often several flowers will bloom from the same stalk. Usually they are dormant during the winter dry-season. The roots are edible and were eaten by the Aztecs of Mexico who called it cacomitl, and its flower ocÃÂlÃ
ÂxÃ
Âchitl meaning "jaguar flower".
It was first published by French botanist Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in his book Genera plantarum on page 57 in 1789.
The genus name Tigridia means "tiger-like", and alludes to the coloration and spotting of the flowers of the type species Tigridia pavonia.
Species
There are 60 species accepted by Plants of the World Online;
- Tigridia albicans <small>Ravenna</small> - Tacna Province in Peru
- Tigridia alpestris <small>Molseed</small> - Mexico
- Tigridia amatlanensis <small>Aarón Rodr. & GarcÃÂa-Mend</small> - Oaxaca
- Tigridia arequipensis
- Tigridia augusta <small>Drapiez</small> - central + southern Mexico
- Tigridia azufresensis
- Tigridia bicolor <small>Molseed</small> - Oaxaca
- Tigridia catarinensis <small>Cruden</small> - San Luis PotosÃÂ
- Tigridia chiapensis <small>Molseed ex Cruden</small> - Chiapas
- Tigridia chrysantha <small>Cruden & S.J.Walker ex McVaugh</small> - Jalisco
- Tigridia citrina
- Tigridia coerulea
- Tigridia convoluta <small>(Ravenna) Goldblatt</small> - Oaxaca
- Tigridia conzattii <small>(R.C.Foster) Goldblatt</small> - Oaxaca
- Tigridia dugesii <small>S.Watson</small> - Jalisco
- Tigridia durangensis <small>Molseed ex Cruden</small> - Durango
- Tigridia ehrenbergii <small>(Schltdl.) Molseed</small> - Mexico
- Tigridia estelae <small>López-Ferr. & Espejo</small> - Durango
- Tigridia flammea <small>(Lindl.) Ravenna</small> - Michoacán
- Tigridia fosteri
- Tigridia galanthoides <small>Molseed</small> - southern Mexico
- Tigridia gracielae <small>Aarón Rodr. & Ortiz-Cat.</small> - México State
- Tigridia hallbergii <small>Molseed</small> - central + southern Mexico, Guatemala
- Tigridia heliantha
- Tigridia hintonii <small>Molseed</small> - Guerrero
- Tigridia huajuapanensis <small>Molseed ex Cruden</small> - Oaxaca
- Tigridia huyanae <small>(J.F.Macbr.) Ravenna</small> - Lima Province in Peru
- Tigridia immaculata <small>(Herb.) Ravenna</small> - Oaxaca, Chiapas, Guatemala
- Tigridia inusitata <small>(Cruden) Ravenna</small> - Guerrero
- Tigridia latifolia
- Tigridia longispatha
- Tigridia lutea - Lima and Ancash provinces of Peru
- Tigridia mariaetrinitatis <small>Espejo & López-Ferr.</small> - Oaxaca
- Tigridia martinezii <small>Calderón</small> - Hidalgo
- Tigridia matudae <small>Molseed</small> - México State
- Tigridia meleagris <small>(Lindl.) G.Nicholson</small> - central + southern Mexico, Guatemala
- Tigridia mexicana <small>Molseed</small> - central + southern Mexico
- Tigridia minuta <small>Ravenna</small> - ApurÃÂmac + Ayacucho Provinces in Peru
- Tigridia molseediana <small>Ravenna</small> - Oaxaca, Guatemala
- Tigridia mortonii <small>Molseed</small> - México State
- Tigridia multiflora <small>(Baker) Ravenna</small> - central + southern Mexico
- Tigridia nanchititlensis
- Tigridia oaxacana <small>(Molseed) Goldblatt</small> - Oaxaca
- Tigridia orthantha <small>(Lem.) Ravenna</small> - Oaxaca, Chiapas, Guatemala
- Tigridia pavonia <small>(L.f.) Redouté</small> - Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras
- Tigridia pearcei <small>(Baker) Ravenna</small> - Huánuco region in Peru
- Tigridia philippiana <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> - Tarapacá + Antofagasta Provinces in Chile
- Tigridia potosina <small>López-Ferr. & Espejo</small> - San Luis PotosÃÂ
- Tigridia pugana <small>Aarón Rodr. & Ortiz-Cat.</small> - Jalisco
- Tigridia pulchella <small>B.L.Rob.</small> - Jalisco, Michoacán
- Tigridia purpusii <small>Molseed</small> - Puebla and northern Oaxaca
- Tigridia purruchucana <small>(Herb.) Ravenna</small> - Lima Province in Peru
- Tigridia raimondii <small>Ravenna</small> - Arequipa Province in Peru
- Tigridia rzedowskiana <small>Aarón Rodr. & Ortiz-Cat.</small> - Querétaro
- Tigridia seleriana <small>(Loes.) Ravenna</small> - Oaxaca, Chiapas, Guatemala
- Tigridia suarezii <small>Aarón Rodr. & Ortiz-Cat.</small> - Jalisco
- Tigridia tepoxtlana <small>Ravenna</small> - Morelos
- Tigridia tuitensis
- Tigridia vanhouttei<small>(Baker) Espejo & López-Ferr</small> - central + northeastern Mexico
- Tigridia venusta <small>Cruden</small> - Michoacán
Hybrids
Several hybrids exist, including; Tigridia ÃÂ mathewii , first published in Phytoneuron 2015-53: 4 in 2015. It is an artificial hybrid, a cross of T. orthantha ÃÂ T. pavonia.
Distribution
They are native to the countries (and regions) of; northern Chile, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Peru.
They have been introduced into: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Madeira.
References
Other sources
- Rodriguez, A. and K. Sytsma. 2006. Phylogeny of the "Tiger-flower" group (Tigrideae: Iridaceae): Molecular and morphological evidence. Pp. 412âÂÂ424, in J.T. Columbus, E.A. Friar, J.M. Porter, L.M. Prince and M.G. Simpson (eds.). Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution, Vol. 1. Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont.