Thoracica

Thoracica is an infraclass of crustaceans which contains the most familiar species of barnacles found on rocky coasts, such as Semibalanus balanoides and Chthamalus stellatus. They have six well-developed limbs, and may be either stalked or sessile. The carapace is heavily calcified. The group includes free-living and commensal species.

Classification

This article follows Chan et al. (2021) and WoRMS in placing Thoracica as an infraclass of Thecostraca and in the following classification of thoracicans down to the level of family:

Infraclass Thoracica <small>Darwin, 1854</small>

: Superorder Phosphatothoracica <small>Gale, 2019</small>

:: Order Iblomorpha <small>Buckeridge & Newman, 2006</small>

::: Family Iblidae <small>Leach, 1825</small>

::: Family Idioiblidae <small>Buckeridge & Newman, 2006</small>

:: Order †Eolepadomorpha <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

::: Family †Eolepadidae <small>Buckeridge, 1983</small>

::: Family †Praelepadidae <small>Chernyshev, 1930</small>

: Superorder Thoracicalcarea <small>Gale, 2015</small>

:: Order Balanomorpha <small>Pilsbry, 1916</small>

::: Superfamily Balanoidea <small>Leach, 1817</small>

:::: Family Balanidae <small>Leach, 1817</small>

:::: Family Pyrgomatidae <small>Gray, 1825</small>

::: Superfamily Chthamaloidea <small>Darwin, 1854</small>

:::: Family Catophragmidae <small>Utinomi, 1968</small>

:::: Family Chionelasmatidae <small>Buckeridge, 1983</small>

:::: Family Chthamalidae <small>Darwin, 1854</small>

:::: Family Pachylasmatidae <small>Utinomi, 1968</small>

:::: Family Waikalasmatidae <small>Ross & Newman, 2001</small>

::: Superfamily Coronuloidea <small>Leach, 1817</small>

:::: Family Austrobalanidae <small>Newman & Ross, 1976</small>

:::: Family Bathylasmatidae <small>Newman & Ross, 1971</small>

:::: Family Chelonibiidae <small>Pilsbry, 1916</small>

:::: Family Coronulidae <small>Leach, 1817</small>

:::: Family Tetraclitidae <small>Gruvel, 1903</small>

::: Superfamily Elminioidea <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

:::: Family Elminiidae <small>Foster, 1982</small>

::: Superfamily †Pachydiadematoidea <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

:::: Family †Pachydiadematidae <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

:: Order Calanticomorpha <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

::: Family Calanticidae <small>Zevina, 1978</small>

::: Family †Cretiscalpellidae <small>Buckeridge, 1983</small>

::: Family †Titanolepadidae <small>Gale & Sørensen, 2015</small>

:: Order Pollicipedomorpha <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

::: Family Lithotryidae <small>Gruvel, 1905</small>

::: Family Pollicipedidae <small>Leach, 1817</small>

::: Family †Zeugmatolepadidae <small>Newman, 1996</small>

:: Order Scalpellomorpha <small>Buckeridge & Newman, 2006</small>

::: Superfamily Lepadoidea <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

:::: Family Heteralepadidae <small>Nilsson-Cantell, 1921</small>

:::: Family Lepadidae <small>Darwin, 1852</small>

:::: Family Malacolepadidae <small>Hiro, 1937</small>

:::: Family Poecilasmatidae <small>Annandale, 1909</small>

:::: Family Rhizolepadidae <small>Zevina, 1980</small>

::: Superfamily Neolepadoidea <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

:::: Family Neobrachylepadidae <small>Newman & Yamaguchi, 1995</small>

:::: Family Neolepadidae <small>Yamaguchi, Newman & Hashimoto, 2004</small>

:::: Family Neoverrucidae <small>Newman, 1989 in Hessler & Newman, 1989</small>

:::: Family Probathylepadidae <small>Ren & Sha, 2015</small>

::: Superfamily Scalpelloidea <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

:::: Family Scalpellidae <small>Pilsbry, 1907</small>

:::: Family †Proverrucidae <small>Newman, 1989 in Hessler & Newman, 1989</small>

:: Order Verrucomorpha <small>Pilsbry, 1916</small>

::: Family Verrucidae <small>Darwin, 1854</small>

::: Family †Eoverrucidae <small>Gale, 2020</small>

:: Order †Archaeolepadomorpha <small>Chan et al., 2021</small>

::: Family †Archaeolepadidae <small>Gale, 2019</small>

::: Family †Myolepadidae <small>Gale, 2015 in Gale & Sørensen, 2015</small>

::: Family †Stramentidae <small>Withers, 1920</small>

:: Order †Brachylepadomorpha <small>Withers, 1923</small>

::: Family †Brachylepadidae <small>Woodward, 1901</small>

References